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Docs: Add rewrite-table-path in spark procedure #12115

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Expand Up @@ -972,4 +972,91 @@ CALL catalog_name.system.compute_table_stats(table => 'my_table', snapshot_id =>
Collect statistics of the snapshot with id `snap1` of table `my_table` for columns `col1` and `col2`
```sql
CALL catalog_name.system.compute_table_stats(table => 'my_table', snapshot_id => 'snap1', columns => array('col1', 'col2'));
```
```

## Table Replication

The `rewrite-table-path` assists in moving or copying an Iceberg table from one location to another.
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### `rewrite-table-path`

This procedure writes a new copy of the Iceberg table's metadata files where every path has had its prefix replaced.
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The newly rewritten metadata files, along with data files, enable moving or coping an Iceberg table to a new location.
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After copying both metadata and data to the desired location, the replicated iceberg
table will appear identical to the source table, including snapshot history, schema and partition specs.

!!! info
This procedure only creates metadata for an existing Iceberg table modified for a new location. Procedure results can be consumed for copying the files.
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Copying/Moving metadata and data files to the new location is not part of this procedure.


| Argument Name | Required? | default | Type | Description |
|--------------------|-----------|------------------------------------------------|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `table` | ✔️ | | string | Name of the table |
| `source_prefix` | ✔️ | | string | The existing prefix to be replaced |
| `target_prefix` | ✔️ | | string | The replacement prefix for `source_prefix` |
| `start_version` | | first metadata.json in table's metadata log | string | The name or path to the chronologically first metadata.json to rewrite. |
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| `end_version` | | latest metadata.json | string | The name or path to the chronologically last metadata.json to rewrite |
| `staging_location` | | new directory under table's metadata directory | string | The output location for newly modified metadata files |


#### Modes of operation:

- Full Rewrite:

By default, the procedure operates in full rewrite mode where all metadata files are rewritten.
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- Incremental Rewrite:

If `start_version` is provided, the procedure will only rewrite delta metadata files between `start_version` and `end_version`. `end_version` is default to latest metadata location of the table.
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#### Output

| Output Name | Type | Description |
|----------------------|--------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `latest_version` | string | Name of the latest metadata file rewritten by this procedure |
| `file_list_location` | string | Path to a file containing a listing of comma-separated source and destination paths |
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Example file list content :

```csv
sourcepath/datafile1.parquet,targetpath/datafile1.parquet
sourcepath/datafile2.parquet,targetpath/datafile2.parquet
stagingpath/manifest.avro,targetpath/manifest.avro
```

#### Examples

Full rewrite of a table's metadata path from source location in HDFS to a target location in S3 bucket of table `my_table`.
This produces a new set of metadata using the s3a prefix in the default staging location under table's metadata directory
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```sql
CALL catalog_name.system.rewrite_table_path(
table => 'db.my_table',
source_prefix => "hdfs://nn:8020/path/to/source_table",
target_prefix => "s3a://bucket/prefix/db.db/my_table"
);
```
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Incremental rewrite of a table's metadata path from a source location to a target location between metadata versions
`v2.metadata.json` and `v20.metadata.json`, with files written to a staging location

```sql
CALL catalog_name.system.rewrite_table_path(
table => 'db.my_table',
source_prefix => "s3a://bucketOne/prefix/db.db/my_table",
target_prefix => "s3a://bucketTwo/prefix/db.db/my_table",
start_version => "v2.metadata.json",
end_version => "v20.metadata.json",
staging_location => "s3a://bucketStaging/my_table"
);
```

Once the rewrite is completed, third-party tools (
eg. [Distcp](https://hadoop.apache.org/docs/current/hadoop-distcp/DistCp.html)) can be used to copy the newly created
metadata files and data files to the target location

Lastly, after referential integrity check on copied files, [register_table](#register_table) procedure can be used to register copied table in the target location with catalog.
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!!! warning
Iceberg table with statistics files are not currently supported for path rewrite