Enabling Ruff as code linter

[jesus-talavera-ibm]

Summary

This PR enables ruff https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff as a code linter for the project

Details and comments

After enabling ruff, this PR includes all the relevant fixes to make the ruff checker to pass

Based on: #48

[victor-villar]

Thanks!
I think we can get rid of some of the ruff issues. Some solutions in the review.

[victor-villar]

Can we do the recommended fix: if local_mode ?

[jesus-talavera-ibm]

I guess that here we want to check also that local_mode is a boolean, just in case local_mode is another type (a string with value "false", for example) and Python can process it as a truthy value.
Maybe adding something like:

 if isinstance(local_mode, bool) and local_mode:

could work

[victor-villar]

I see, we could do it but in the parent class we only check if local_mode: and we are specifying in the arguments that it should be a boolean, so I won't check if it is a boolean. You can leave the # noqa if you prefer.

[victor-villar]

Let's fix this function. Tome it looks like we can simply do:

def create_random_linear_function(n_qubits: int, seed: int = 123) -> LinearFunction:
    return LinearFunction(random_invertible_binary_matrix(n_qubits, seed=seed))

[jesus-talavera-ibm]

Thank you!

[victor-villar]

Similarly, we can do here:

def random_clifford_from_linear_function(n_qubits: int, seed: int = 123):
    """Generate a random clifford from a random linear function of n_qubits qubits."""

    random_linear = LinearFunction(
        random_invertible_binary_matrix(n_qubits, seed=seed)
    )
    return Clifford(random_linear)

[jesus-talavera-ibm]

Thank you!