Add NativeEncoding plugin

Apps/UnitTests/Android/app/src/main/cpp/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ target_link_libraries(UnitTestsJNI
     PRIVATE NativeEngine
     PRIVATE NativeInput
     PRIVATE NativeOptimizations
+    PRIVATE NativeEncoding
     PRIVATE ScriptLoader
     PRIVATE XMLHttpRequest
     PRIVATE gtest_main

Apps/UnitTests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ target_link_libraries(UnitTests
     PRIVATE Console
     PRIVATE GraphicsDevice
     PRIVATE NativeEngine
+    PRIVATE NativeEncoding
     PRIVATE ScriptLoader
     PRIVATE UrlLib
     PRIVATE Window

Apps/UnitTests/Scripts/tests.ts

@@ -292,6 +292,48 @@ describe("PostProcesses", function () {
     });*/
 });
 
+describe("NativeEncoding", function () {
+  this.timeout(0);
+
+  function expectValidPNG(arrayBuffer: ArrayBuffer) {
+    expect(arrayBuffer).to.be.instanceOf(ArrayBuffer);
+    expect(arrayBuffer.byteLength).to.be.greaterThan(0);
+
+    const pngSignature = new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer.slice(0, 4));
+    expect(pngSignature[0]).to.equal(137); // PNG signature bytes
+    expect(pngSignature[1]).to.equal(80);  // 'P'
+    expect(pngSignature[2]).to.equal(78);  // 'N'
+    expect(pngSignature[3]).to.equal(71);  // 'G'
+  }
+
+  it("should encode a PNG", async function () {
+    const pixelData = new Uint8Array(4).fill(255);
+    const result = await _native.EncodeImageAsync(pixelData, 1, 1, "image/png", false);
+    expectValidPNG(result);
+  });
+
+  it("should handle multiple concurrent encoding tasks", async function () {
+    const pixelDatas = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+      pixelDatas.push(new Uint8Array(4).fill(255));
+    }
+    const results = await Promise.all(pixelDatas.map((pixelData) =>
+      _native.EncodeImageAsync(pixelData, 1, 1, "image/png", false)
+    ));
+    results.forEach(expectValidPNG);
+  });
+
+  it("should reject if MIME type not supported", async function () {
+    const pixelData = new Uint8Array([255, 0, 0, 255]);
+    try {
+      await _native.EncodeImageAsync(pixelData, 1, 1, "bad-mimetype", false);
+      expect.fail("Expected promise to reject with unsupported mime type");
+    } catch (error) {
+      expect(error).to.exist;
+    }
+  });
+});
+
 mocha.run((failures) => {
   // Test program will wait for code to be set before exiting
   if (failures > 0) {

Apps/UnitTests/Shared/Shared.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <Babylon/Polyfills/Window.h>
 #include <Babylon/Polyfills/Canvas.h>
 #include <Babylon/Plugins/NativeEngine.h>
+#include <Babylon/Plugins/NativeEncoding.h>
 #include <Babylon/ScriptLoader.h>
 #include <Babylon/ShaderCache.h>
 #include <chrono>
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ TEST(JavaScript, All)
         Babylon::Polyfills::Window::Initialize(env);
         nativeCanvas.emplace(Babylon::Polyfills::Canvas::Initialize(env));
         Babylon::Plugins::NativeEngine::Initialize(env);
+        Babylon::Plugins::NativeEncoding::Initialize(env);
 
         auto setExitCodeCallback = Napi::Function::New(
             env, [&exitCodePromise](const Napi::CallbackInfo& info) {

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@ option(BABYLON_NATIVE_PLUGIN_NATIVEOPTIMIZATIONS "Include Babylon Native Plugin
 option(BABYLON_NATIVE_PLUGIN_NATIVETRACING "Include Babylon Native Plugin NativeTracing." ON)
 option(BABYLON_NATIVE_PLUGIN_NATIVEXR "Include Babylon Native Plugin XR." ON)
 option(BABYLON_NATIVE_PLUGIN_TESTUTILS "Include Babylon Native Plugin TestUtils." ON)
+option(BABYLON_NATIVE_PLUGIN_NATIVEENCODING "Include Babylon Native Plugin NativeEncoding." ON)
 
 # Polyfills
 option(BABYLON_NATIVE_POLYFILL_WINDOW "Include Babylon Native Polyfill Window." ON)

Install/Install.cmake

@@ -159,6 +159,11 @@ if(TARGET NativeXr)
     install_include_for_targets(NativeXr)
 endif()
 
+if(TARGET NativeEncoding)
+    install_targets(NativeEncoding)
+    install_include_for_targets(NativeEncoding)
+endif()
+
 # ----------------
 # Polyfills
 # ----------------

Install/Test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -162,6 +162,7 @@ target_link_libraries(TestInstall
     NativeInput
     NativeOptimizations
     NativeTracing
+    NativeEncoding
     OGLCompiler
     OSDependent
     ScriptLoader

Plugins/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -33,3 +33,7 @@ endif()
 if(BABYLON_NATIVE_PLUGIN_NATIVEXR AND (ANDROID OR IOS))
     add_subdirectory(NativeXr)
 endif()
+
+if(BABYLON_NATIVE_PLUGIN_NATIVEENCODING)
+    add_subdirectory(NativeEncoding)
+endif()

Plugins/NativeEncoding/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+set(SOURCES
+    "Include/Babylon/Plugins/NativeEncoding.h"
+    "Source/NativeEncoding.cpp")
+
+add_library(NativeEncoding ${SOURCES})
+warnings_as_errors(NativeEncoding)
+
+target_include_directories(NativeEncoding
+    PUBLIC "Include")
+
+target_link_libraries(NativeEncoding
+    PUBLIC napi
+    PRIVATE GraphicsDevice
+    PRIVATE GraphicsDeviceContext
+    PRIVATE JsRuntimeInternal)
+
+set_property(TARGET NativeEncoding PROPERTY FOLDER Plugins)
+source_group(TREE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} FILES ${SOURCES})

Plugins/NativeEncoding/Include/Babylon/Plugins/NativeEncoding.h

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <napi/env.h>
+#include <Babylon/Api.h>
+
+namespace Babylon::Plugins::NativeEncoding
+{
+    void BABYLON_API Initialize(Napi::Env env);
+}

Plugins/NativeEncoding/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# NativeEncoding
+
+> ⚠️ **This plugin is experimental and subject to change.**
+
+The NativeEncoding plugin provides native image encoding capabilities to Babylon, allowing raw pixel data to be encoded into standard image formats (PNG, JPEG, WebP, etc.).
+
+## Design 
+
+Unlike a traditional polyfill which would implement Canvas's `toBlob()` or `toDataURL()` methods, NativeEncoding exists as a plugin because:
+1. **No standard Web API exists** for general-purpose image encoding separate from Canvas
+2. **Simplicity** - Exposes only what Babylon actually needs: direct pixel-to-bytes encoding
+3. **Efficiency** - Avoids extra routing through the Canvas API via intermediate data structures
+4. **Modularity** - Image encoding is a separate concern from 2D canvas rendering
+5. **Extensibility** - New codecs can be added in the future without bloating other components
+
+An encoding function is exposed on the `_native` global object, similar to NativeOptimizations. 
+
+```typescript
+interface INative {
+    EncodeImageAsync: (pixelData: Uint8Array, width: number, height: number, mimeType: string, invertY: boolean) => Promise<ArrayBuffer>;
+}
+```
+
+It should be wrapped by higher-level Babylon.js APIs (e.g., DumpTools) for common workflows like asset exports and screenshots.
+
+## Limitations
+
+Currently, **only PNG encoding** is supported.

Plugins/NativeEncoding/Source/NativeEncoding.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#include <Babylon/Plugins/NativeEncoding.h>
+#include <Babylon/JsRuntime.h>
+#include <Babylon/JsRuntimeScheduler.h>
+#include <Babylon/Graphics/DeviceContext.h>
+
+#include <napi/napi.h>
+
+#include <bimg/encode.h>
+#include <bx/readerwriter.h>
+
+#include <arcana/threading/task.h>
+#include <arcana/threading/task_schedulers.h>
+
+namespace Babylon::Plugins
+{
+    namespace
+    {
+        std::vector<uint8_t> EncodePNG(const std::vector<uint8_t>& pixelData, uint32_t width, uint32_t height, bool invertY)
+        {
+            auto memoryBlock{bx::MemoryBlock(&Graphics::DeviceContext::GetDefaultAllocator())};
+            auto writer{bx::MemoryWriter(&memoryBlock)};
+            auto err{bx::Error()};
+
+            bimg::imageWritePng(&writer, width, height, width * 4, pixelData.data(), bimg::TextureFormat::RGBA8, !invertY, &err);
+
+            auto byteLength{memoryBlock.getSize()};
+
+            if (!err.isOk())
+            {
+                throw std::runtime_error("Failed to encode PNG image: " + std::string(err.getMessage().getCPtr()));
+            }
+
+            if (byteLength == 0)
+            {
+                throw std::runtime_error("Failed to encode PNG image: output is empty");
+            }
+
+            auto result{std::vector<uint8_t>(byteLength)};
+            std::memcpy(result.data(), memoryBlock.more(0), byteLength);
+
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        Napi::Promise EncodeImageAsync(const Napi::CallbackInfo& info)
+        {
+            auto buffer{info[0].As<Napi::Uint8Array>()};
+            auto width{info[1].As<Napi::Number>().Uint32Value()};
+            auto height{info[2].As<Napi::Number>().Uint32Value()};
+            auto mimeType{info[3].As<Napi::String>().Utf8Value()};
+            auto invertY{info[4].As<Napi::Boolean>().Value()};
+
+            auto env{info.Env()};
+            auto deferred{Napi::Promise::Deferred::New(env)};
+
+            if (mimeType != "image/png")
+            {
+                deferred.Reject(Napi::Error::New(env, "Unsupported mime type: " + mimeType + ". Only image/png is currently supported.").Value());
+                return deferred.Promise();
+            }
+
+            if (buffer.ByteLength() != width * height * 4)
+            {
+                deferred.Reject(Napi::Error::New(env, "Buffer byte length does not match RGBA8 format (4 bytes per pixel) of provided dimensions.").Value());
+                return deferred.Promise();
+            }
+
+            auto runtimeScheduler{std::make_shared<JsRuntimeScheduler>(JsRuntime::GetFromJavaScript(env))};
+            auto pixelData{std::vector<uint8_t>(buffer.Data(), buffer.Data() + buffer.ByteLength())};
+
+            arcana::make_task(arcana::threadpool_scheduler, arcana::cancellation_source::none(),
+                [pixelData{std::move(pixelData)}, width, height, invertY]() {
+                    return EncodePNG(pixelData, width, height, invertY);
+                })
+                .then(*runtimeScheduler, arcana::cancellation_source::none(),
+                    [runtimeScheduler, deferred, env](const arcana::expected<std::vector<uint8_t>, std::exception_ptr>& result) {
+                        // TODO: Crash risk on JS teardown - this async work isn't tied to any JS object lifetime,
+                        // unlike other plugins that cancel / clean up pending work in their destructors.
+                        if (result.has_error())
+                        {
+                            deferred.Reject(Napi::Error::New(env, result.error()).Value());
+                            return;
+                        }
+
+                        auto imageData{std::make_shared<std::vector<uint8_t>>(std::move(result.value()))};
+                        auto arrayBuffer{Napi::ArrayBuffer::New(env, imageData->data(), imageData->size(), [imageData](Napi::Env, void*){})};
+
+                        deferred.Resolve(arrayBuffer);
+                    });
+
+            return deferred.Promise();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+namespace Babylon::Plugins::NativeEncoding
+{
+    void BABYLON_API Initialize(Napi::Env env)
+    {
+        auto native{JsRuntime::NativeObject::GetFromJavaScript(env)};
+        native.Set("EncodeImageAsync", Napi::Function::New(env, EncodeImageAsync, "EncodeImageAsync"));
+    }
+}