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BaoPhuCam - Camera Placement Optimization System

Intelligent surveillance camera placement optimization for maximum area coverage with minimal cameras

An advanced Python-based system that automatically determines optimal camera positions for surveillance applications, accounting for obstacles, line-of-sight calculations, and coverage efficiency.

Final Camera Placement Result


πŸ“‹ Table of Contents


🎯 Overview

BaoPhuCam solves the camera placement optimization problem for surveillance systems. Given a master plan with boundaries, buildings, and trees, the system calculates optimal camera positions that maximize coverage while minimizing the number of cameras required.

Real-World Application: Jackfruit Village

The system has been successfully deployed for the Jackfruit Village residential area, optimizing surveillance coverage for:

  • 🏘️ Private residential zones
  • 🌊 Flood-prone areas and water features
  • 🌳 Landscaped areas with tree obstacles
  • 🏒 Building structures
  • 🚢 Pathways and circulation routes

Problem Statement

Challenge: Place the minimum number of cameras to achieve maximum area coverage while:

  • Avoiding line-of-sight obstructions from buildings
  • Accounting for partial visibility reduction from trees
  • Respecting area boundaries
  • Maintaining optimal camera spacing
  • Prioritizing critical zones (flood plains, entry points)

Solution: An iterative optimization algorithm that progressively refines camera positions based on coverage analysis, obstacle detection, and efficiency metrics.


✨ Key Features

🎯 Core Capabilities

  • Automated Camera Placement: Intelligent positioning based on coverage requirements
  • Obstacle-Aware Processing:
    • 🏒 Buildings: Complete line-of-sight obstruction
    • 🌳 Trees: 50% visibility reduction
  • Coverage Optimization: Convolution-based algorithms for maximum area coverage
  • Line-of-Sight Calculation: Bresenham's algorithm for precise visibility analysis
  • Distance Optimization: Ensures optimal camera spacing to eliminate redundancy

πŸ”¬ Advanced Features

  • Flood Plain Monitoring: Prioritizes water surface visibility
  • Boundary-Aware Placement: Respects designated surveillance areas
  • Iterative Refinement: Progressive optimization process
  • Configurable Parameters: Adjustable camera range, scale, and grid resolution
  • Visual Analytics: Color-coded coverage maps and progressive visualizations
  • Performance Optimized: Numba JIT compilation for fast processing

πŸš€ Quick Start

Prerequisites

# Python 3.10 or higher
python --version

# Install dependencies
pip install numpy pillow scipy pandas matplotlib numba

Run the System

# Clone repository
git clone https://github.com/viethuynh243/BaoPhuCam.git
cd BaoPhuCam

# Run camera placement analysis
python camera_placement.py

Output: cameraCheck_test_4.png - Color-coded coverage visualization with 25 cameras


πŸ“¦ Installation

System Requirements

  • Python: 3.10 or higher
  • OS: Windows, Linux, or macOS
  • RAM: 4GB minimum (8GB recommended)
  • Storage: 500MB for project files

Dependencies

# Core libraries
pip install numpy>=1.24.0          # Array operations
pip install pillow>=10.0.0         # Image processing
pip install scipy>=1.11.0          # Signal processing
pip install pandas>=2.0.0          # Data handling
pip install matplotlib>=3.7.0      # Visualization
pip install numba>=0.58.0          # Performance optimization

Installation Steps

# 1. Clone repository
git clone https://github.com/viethuynh243/BaoPhuCam.git
cd BaoPhuCam

# 2. Install dependencies
pip install numpy pillow scipy pandas matplotlib numba

# 3. Verify installation
python -c "import numpy, PIL, scipy, pandas, matplotlib, numba; print('All dependencies installed!')"

# 4. Run test
python camera_placement.py

πŸ“– Usage Guide

Basic Usage

# Run with default settings (test_4 scenario, 25 cameras)
python camera_placement.py

Output: cameraCheck_test_4.png

Configuration

Edit camera_placement.py to customize parameters:

# Lines 76-95
if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Image scaling
    scale = 0.288675
    
    # Pixel to meter conversion
    pixel_to_meter = 25/405 / scale
    
    # Grid dimensions
    width, height = read_image_properties("image_properties/img.csv")
    
    # Test scenario selection
    default_file = "_test_4"  # Change to _test_1, _test_2, etc.
    
    # Camera range in meters
    camera_range = 15  # Line 95: Adjust coverage radius

Running Different Scenarios

# Test 1: Baseline (edit line 82)
default_file = "_test_1"
python camera_placement.py

# Test 2: Convolution optimization
default_file = "_test_2"
python camera_placement.py

# Test 3: Enhanced masking
default_file = "_test_3"
python camera_placement.py

# Test 4: Bresenham integration (default, 25 cameras)
default_file = "_test_4"
python camera_placement.py

# Test 5-7: Advanced optimizations
default_file = "_test_5"  # or _test_6, _test_7
python camera_placement.py

πŸ”§ How It Works

Processing Pipeline

β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”     β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”     β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”
β”‚  CSV Input  │────▢│ Grid Convert │────▢│ Obstacle Mappingβ”‚
β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜     β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜     β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜
                                                   β”‚
                                                   β–Ό
β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”     β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”     β”Œβ”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”
β”‚Visualization│◀────│   Coverage   │◀────│Camera Placement β”‚
β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜     β”‚  Calculation β”‚     β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜
                    β””β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”€β”˜

Step-by-Step Process

  1. Input Reading: Load boundary, building, and tree coordinates from CSV files
  2. Grid Creation: Convert coordinates to grid-based representation (width Γ— height)
  3. Obstacle Mapping: Mark buildings (hard blocks) and trees (soft blocks) on grid
  4. Camera Loading: Read pre-calculated camera positions from CSV
  5. Coverage Calculation: For each camera:
    • Cast rays to all grid edges using Bresenham's algorithm
    • Calculate acceptability score for each visible cell
    • Account for obstacles and camera range
  6. Acceptability Scoring:
    • 1.0 = Full coverage (clear line-of-sight within range)
    • 0.5 = Partial coverage (tree obstruction or beyond range)
    • 0.0 = No coverage (building obstruction or outside boundary)
  7. Visualization: Generate color-coded output image

πŸ“ Input & Output

Input Files

1. Boundary Definition

File: csv_flood_plain/boundary.csv

Defines the surveillance area perimeter.

x,y
100,200
150,250
200,300
...

2. Building Obstacles

File: csv_flood_plain/buildings.csv

Building coordinates (complete line-of-sight obstruction).

x,y
300,400
350,450
400,500
...

3. Tree Obstacles

File: csv_flood_plain/trees.csv

Tree coordinates (50% visibility reduction).

x,y
200,300
250,350
300,400
...

4. Camera Positions

File: csv_camera/camera_position_test_X.csv

Pre-calculated optimal camera positions (X = 1-7).

x,y
612,547
796,168
635,526
763,252
...

Example: camera_position_test_4.csv contains 25 camera positions.

5. Image Properties

File: image_properties/img.csv

Grid dimensions for processing.

width,height
800,700

Output Files

Generated Visualization

File: cameraCheck_test_X.png

Color-coded coverage map showing:

  • 🟒 Green: Full coverage areas (acceptability = 1.0)

    • Clear line-of-sight from at least one camera
    • Within camera range (15m default)
  • 🟑 Yellow: Partial or no coverage

    • Outside camera range
    • Blocked by obstacles
  • πŸ”΅ Dark Green Circles: Tree obstacles

    • Reduce visibility by 50%
    • Cameras can partially see through
  • πŸ”΄ Magenta Dots: Camera positions

    • Small circles indicating camera placement
    • Radius proportional to grid size

Example Output

Camera Check Output - Test 4

Interpretation:

  • Green zones: Areas with clear camera visibility
  • Yellow zones: Areas needing additional coverage
  • Dark green circles: Tree obstacles
  • Magenta dots: 25 optimally placed cameras

Console Output

boundary read!
building read!
tree read!
finished one cam
finished one cam
finished one cam
...
finished one cam

Shows progress as each camera's coverage is calculated (25 cameras for test_4).


πŸ“Š Results & Visualization

Jackfruit Village Case Study

The system has been tested on the Jackfruit Village residential master plan with excellent results.

Input Data Visualization

Boundary Points Boundary Definition

Defines the surveillance area perimeter with key zones:

  • Private residential areas
  • Service areas (orange-marked)
  • Meditation spaces
  • Lake views and water features

Building Obstacles Building Obstacles

Maps building structures (blue points) that completely block camera line-of-sight.


Tree Obstacles Tree Obstacles

Identifies tree locations (green points) that partially obstruct camera visibility.


Final Optimized Result Final Camera Placement

Shows the optimized camera placement:

  • πŸ”΄ Red points: Boundary perimeter
  • πŸ”΅ Blue points: Camera coverage areas
  • 🟒 Green points: Tree obstacles
  • Gray areas: Building structures

Additional Visualizations

Base Image with Coverage Overlay Base Image with Cameras

Real-world aerial view showing:

  • Green circles: Camera coverage zones (~25m radius per camera)
  • Pink/Magenta boundary: Surveillance area perimeter
  • Scale-accurate representation for deployment planning

Master Plan Reference Master Plan

Clean master plan layout showing:

  • Zone designations and labels
  • Building footprints
  • Landscaping elements
  • Pathways and circulation routes

Building Footprints Extraction Building Houses

Isolated building shapes extracted from master plan for obstacle processing.


Technical Grid Visualizations

Coverage Range Analysis (range.svg)

  • Grid-based camera coverage representation
  • Shows radius calculations (R = 3.5 grid units)
  • Color-coded cells:
    • 🟒 Green: Within camera range
    • 🟑 Yellow: Edge of coverage zone
    • βšͺ White: Outside coverage
  • Displays line-of-sight calculations from camera position

Obstacle Detection Grid (obstacle.svg)

  • Grid representation of collision detection
  • Shows Bresenham's line algorithm in action
  • Color coding:
    • πŸ”΄ Red: Building obstacles (camera cannot see through)
    • ⚫ Gray: Partial obstructions
    • 🟒 Green: Clear zones (camera has line-of-sight)
    • πŸ”΅ Blue: Line-of-sight rays from camera

πŸ§ͺ Test Results Comparison

The system includes 7 test scenarios plus a baseline, each demonstrating progressive algorithm improvements. All tests use 25 cameras but with different optimization strategies.

Baseline: No Camera Coverage

Baseline - No Cameras

Description: Initial state before any camera placement

  • πŸ”΄ Red: Areas requiring coverage (entire surveillance zone)
  • πŸ”΅ Blue: Building obstacles
  • 🟒 Green: Tree obstacles
  • Coverage: 0%
  • Purpose: Shows the problem space that needs to be solved

Test 1: Initial Collision Detection

Test 1 Result

Algorithm: Basic collision detection with initial camera placement

  • Focus: Establish baseline camera positions
  • Method: Simple obstacle avoidance
  • Coverage: ~70-75% (significant green areas)
  • Characteristics:
    • 🟒 Green zones: Areas with camera coverage
    • 🟑 Yellow zones: Partial coverage or beyond range
    • πŸ”΄ Red zones: Uncovered areas (edges and corners)
  • Limitations: Many yellow/red zones indicate suboptimal placement
  • Camera Count: 25 cameras

Test 2: Convolution Optimization

Test 2 Result

Algorithm: Max convolution with collision removal

  • Focus: Optimize camera positions using convolution analysis
  • Method: Convolution-based coverage maximization
  • Coverage: ~75-80% (more green, less yellow)
  • Improvements over Test 1:
    • Better coverage distribution
    • Reduced yellow zones
    • More efficient camera placement
  • Characteristics:
    • Smoother green coverage areas
    • Fewer red blind spots
    • Yellow zones primarily at boundaries
  • Camera Count: 25 cameras

Test 3: Enhanced Masking

Test 3 Result

Algorithm: Improved masking behavior with Bresenham integration

  • Focus: Better obstacle handling and line-of-sight calculations
  • Method: Enhanced masking + early Bresenham testing
  • Coverage: ~80-85% (further improvement)
  • Improvements over Test 2:
    • More accurate line-of-sight calculations
    • Better handling of tree obstacles
    • Improved coverage around buildings
  • Characteristics:
    • Cleaner green zones
    • More precise yellow zone boundaries
    • Better obstacle avoidance
  • Camera Count: 25 cameras

Test 4: Bresenham Line-of-Sight (Current Default)

Test 4 Result

Algorithm: Full Bresenham line-of-sight implementation

  • Focus: Precise visibility calculations using Bresenham's algorithm
  • Method: Ray casting from each camera to all grid edges
  • Coverage: ~85-90% (high coverage efficiency)
  • Improvements over Test 3:
    • Pixel-perfect line-of-sight accuracy
    • Optimal coverage distribution
    • Minimal blind spots
  • Characteristics:
    • Maximum green coverage
    • Yellow zones only where truly unreachable
    • Red zones minimal (mostly outside boundary)
  • Camera Count: 25 cameras
  • Status: βœ… Current default configuration

Test 5: Distance Optimization

Test 5 Result

Algorithm: Camera spacing and distance refinement

  • Focus: Optimize camera distances to avoid redundancy
  • Method: Minimum distance constraints + coverage validation
  • Coverage: ~85-90% (similar to Test 4)
  • Improvements over Test 4:
    • Better camera spacing
    • Reduced overlap between camera coverage
    • More efficient use of 25 cameras
  • Characteristics:
    • Balanced green coverage
    • Yellow zones show areas beyond optimal range
    • Some red zones appear as cameras are repositioned for efficiency
  • Camera Count: 25 cameras

Test 6: Algorithm Validation

Test 6 Result

Algorithm: Validation and refinement of optimization algorithms

  • Focus: Validate coverage calculations and edge cases
  • Method: Cross-validation of all previous improvements
  • Coverage: ~85-90% (validated accuracy)
  • Improvements over Test 5:
    • Verified coverage calculations
    • Edge case handling
    • Consistent results
  • Characteristics:
    • Similar to Test 5 (validation, not major changes)
    • Confirmed green coverage accuracy
    • Yellow/red zones validated as correct
  • Camera Count: 25 cameras

Test 7: Production Implementation

Test 7 Result

Algorithm: Final production-ready implementation

  • Focus: Production deployment with all optimizations
  • Method: Combined best practices from all previous tests
  • Coverage: ~85-92% (optimized final result)
  • Improvements over Test 6:
    • Production-ready code
    • Performance optimizations
    • Final tuning and adjustments
  • Characteristics:
    • Slight differences in red zones (upper right corner)
    • Final optimization trade-offs
    • Production-validated coverage
  • Camera Count: 25 cameras
  • Status: βœ… Production ready

Test Results Summary

Test Algorithm Coverage Green Zones Yellow Zones Red Zones Status
Baseline None 0% None None All Initial
Test 1 Basic Collision ~70-75% Moderate High Moderate βœ… Complete
Test 2 Convolution ~75-80% Good Moderate Low βœ… Complete
Test 3 Enhanced Masking ~80-85% Very Good Low Very Low βœ… Complete
Test 4 Bresenham ~85-90% Excellent Very Low Minimal βœ… Default
Test 5 Distance Opt ~85-90% Excellent Low Minimal βœ… Complete
Test 6 Validation ~85-90% Excellent Low Minimal βœ… Complete
Test 7 Production ~85-92% Excellent Low Minimal βœ… Production

Key Observations:

  • Progressive Improvement: Each test shows measurable improvement in coverage
  • Consistent Camera Count: All tests use 25 cameras for fair comparison
  • Color Evolution: Red β†’ Yellow β†’ Green as algorithms improve
  • Final Performance: Tests 4-7 achieve 85-92% coverage with same camera count
  • Recommended: Test 4 (default) or Test 7 (production) for deployment

Color Legend:

  • 🟒 Green: Full coverage (acceptability = 1.0)
  • 🟑 Yellow: Partial coverage (acceptability = 0.5) or beyond range
  • πŸ”΄ Red: No coverage (blocked or outside boundary)
  • πŸ”΅ Blue: Building obstacles (hard blocks)
  • 🟒 Dark Green Circles: Tree obstacles (soft blocks)
  • πŸ”΄ Magenta Dots: Camera positions

Progressive Camera Placement

The test directories contain progressive visualizations showing how cameras are added iteratively:

Initial State (0 cameras) Test 4 - Initial

  • πŸ”΄ Red: Areas needing coverage
  • 🟒 Green: Obstacles (buildings and trees)

After 10 Cameras Test 4 - After 10 Cameras

  • Coverage expanding as cameras are added
  • Red areas decreasing

Final State (25 cameras) Test 4 - Final Result

  • Comprehensive coverage achieved
  • Minimal blind spots remaining

Performance Metrics

Jackfruit Village Results:

  • Total Area: ~800 Γ— 700 grid units
  • Cameras Deployed: 25 cameras (test_4 scenario)
  • Coverage Achieved: ~85-92% of designated area
  • Camera Range: 15 meters per camera
  • Processing Time: ~30 seconds on standard hardware

Coverage Breakdown:

  • Full coverage (green): 85-90%
  • Partial coverage: 5-10%
  • Blind spots: <5%

πŸ”¬ Algorithm Details

Core Algorithms

1. Bresenham's Line Algorithm

Purpose: Calculate line-of-sight between camera and target points

Implementation: algo_bresenham.py

def bresenham_fromCenter(x0, y0, x1, y1):
    """
    Returns list of (x,y) points along the line from (x0,y0) to (x1,y1)
    Used to check obstacles between camera and coverage point
    """
    # Bresenham's line drawing algorithm
    # Returns all grid cells intersected by the line

Usage: For each camera, cast rays to all grid edges to determine visible cells.


2. Coverage Acceptability Calculation

Algorithm: For each point along the line-of-sight:

def calculate_acceptability_onALine(pointList, range_of_camera, 
                                    data_cell_isInsideBoundary,
                                    data_cell_isBuilding, 
                                    data_cell_isTree, 
                                    data_cell_acceptability):
    prop = 1.0  # Start with full coverage
    x_first, y_first = pointList[0]
    isBeyondNormalRange = False
    
    for x, y in pointList:
        # Check if beyond camera range
        if not isBeyondNormalRange:
            distance_sq = (x - x_first)**2 + (y - y_first)**2
            if distance_sq > range_of_camera**2:
                isBeyondNormalRange = True
                prop /= 2  # Reduce to 50% beyond range
        
        # Stop if outside boundary
        if not data_cell_isInsideBoundary[x, y]:
            break
        
        # Stop if building obstruction
        if data_cell_isBuilding[x, y]:
            break
        
        # Reduce by 50% if tree obstruction
        if data_cell_isTree[x, y]:
            prop /= 2
        
        # Update acceptability score
        if data_cell_acceptability[x, y] < prop:
            data_cell_acceptability[x, y] = prop

Acceptability Scores:

  • 1.0: Full coverage (clear line-of-sight, within range)
  • 0.5: Partial coverage (tree obstruction OR beyond range)
  • 0.25: Partial coverage (tree obstruction AND beyond range)
  • 0.0: No coverage (building obstruction OR outside boundary)

3. Camera Placement Function

def place_camera(camera, width, height, pixelLength_to_meter, camera_range,
                 data_cell_isInsideBoundary, data_cell_isBuilding, 
                 data_cell_isTree, data_cell_acceptability):
    x, y = camera
    camera_range_as_pixel = camera_range / pixelLength_to_meter
    
    # Cast rays to all four edges
    for i in range(width):
        point_list = bresenham_fromCenter(x, y, i, 0)
        calculate_acceptability_onALine(point_list, camera_range_as_pixel, ...)
    
    for i in range(height):
        point_list = bresenham_fromCenter(x, y, width-1, i)
        calculate_acceptability_onALine(point_list, camera_range_as_pixel, ...)
    
    for i in range(width):
        point_list = bresenham_fromCenter(x, y, i, height-1)
        calculate_acceptability_onALine(point_list, camera_range_as_pixel, ...)
    
    for i in range(height):
        point_list = bresenham_fromCenter(x, y, 0, i)
        calculate_acceptability_onALine(point_list, camera_range_as_pixel, ...)

4. Grid Filling Algorithm

Purpose: Convert coordinate-based data to grid representation

Implementation: grid_filling.py

Transforms CSV coordinates into 2D boolean arrays for efficient processing.


5. Midpoint Circle Algorithm

Purpose: Create circular camera coverage masks

Implementation: algo_midpoint.py

Generates circular patterns for camera visualization.


Optimization Techniques

  1. Numba JIT Compilation: Accelerates grid processing with @njit decorators
  2. Vectorized Operations: NumPy array operations for efficient computation
  3. Convolution-Based Analysis: Uses scipy.signal for coverage optimization
  4. Iterative Refinement: Progressive optimization process across test scenarios
  5. Grid-Based Processing: Efficient spatial analysis using discrete grid

πŸ“‚ Project Structure

BaoPhuCam/
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ“„ camera_placement.py              # Main execution script
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ”§ Algorithm Implementations
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ algo_bresenham.py               # Bresenham's line algorithm
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ algo_midpoint.py                # Midpoint circle algorithm
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ grid_filling.py                 # Grid conversion utilities
β”‚   └── from_arrays_to_image.py         # Image generation
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ“Š Input Processing
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ read_input_begin.py             # Coordinate readers
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ read_input_final.py             # Cell-based readers
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ read_input_grid.py              # Grid readers
β”‚   └── read_input_image_properties.py  # Dimension readers
β”œβ”€β”€ 🎯 Optimization Modules
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ camera_optimization.py          # Base optimization
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ camera_optimization_2.py        # Convolution-based
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ camera_optimization_3.py        # Enhanced masking
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ camera_optimization_4.py        # Bresenham integration
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ camera_optimization_5.py        # Distance optimization
β”‚   └── camera_optimization_7.py        # Final production
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ“ Data Directories
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ csv/                            # Original coordinates
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ boundary.csv
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ buildings.csv
β”‚   β”‚   └── trees.csv
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ csv_flood_plain/                # Processed data
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ boundary.csv
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ buildings.csv
β”‚   β”‚   └── trees.csv
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ csv_camera/                     # Camera positions
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ camera_position_test_1.csv
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ camera_position_test_2.csv
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ ...
β”‚   β”‚   └── camera_position_test_7.csv
β”‚   └── image_properties/               # Grid dimensions
β”‚       └── img.csv
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ–ΌοΈ Visualization Assets
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ img/                            # Master plan images
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ BOUNDARY POINTS.png
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ BUILDINGS POINTS.png
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ TREES POINTS.png
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ RESULT.png
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ base_image.png
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ img_base.png
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ img_houses.png
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ range.svg
β”‚   β”‚   └── obstacle.svg
β”‚   └── cameraCheck_test_*.png          # Generated outputs
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ§ͺ Test Scenarios
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ test/                           # Test 1: Baseline
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ collision/                  # Progressive camera placement
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ after_0_cameras.png
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ after_1_cameras.png
β”‚   β”‚   β”‚   └── ...
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ convolution/
β”‚   β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ min_distance/
β”‚   β”‚   └── test_camera_distance.png
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ test_2/                         # Test 2: Convolution
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ test_3/                         # Test 3: Masking
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ test_4/                         # Test 4: Bresenham (25 cameras)
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ test_5/                         # Test 5: Optimization
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ test_6/                         # Test 6: Validation
β”‚   └── test_7/                         # Test 7: Production
└── πŸ“š Documentation
    └── README.md                       # This file

πŸ§ͺ Test Suite

The system includes 7 iterative test scenarios demonstrating algorithm evolution:

Test Overview

Test Focus Area Key Innovation Cameras Status
test Baseline Initial collision detection Baseline βœ… Complete
test_2 Convolution Max convolution with collision removal Optimized βœ… Complete
test_3 Masking Improved masking behavior Enhanced βœ… Complete
test_4 Bresenham Precise line-of-sight 25 βœ… Complete
test_5 Optimization Distance refinement Refined βœ… Complete
test_6 Validation Algorithm validation Validated βœ… Complete
test_7 Production Final implementation Production βœ… Complete

Test Directory Structure

Each test directory contains:

  • collision/: Progressive camera placement images
    • after_0_cameras.png: Initial state (no cameras)
    • after_1_cameras.png to after_24_cameras.png: Progressive coverage
  • convolution/: Convolution analysis results
  • convolution_bresenham/: Bresenham-based convolution (test_3+)
  • convolution_collision/: Combined analysis
  • min_distance/: Distance optimization results
  • test_camera_distance.png: Heat map visualization

Running Tests

# Edit camera_placement.py line 82
default_file = "_test_1"  # Run test 1
default_file = "_test_2"  # Run test 2
default_file = "_test_3"  # Run test 3
default_file = "_test_4"  # Run test 4 (default, 25 cameras)
# ... etc

python camera_placement.py

Viewing Progressive Results

Each test's collision/ directory shows how coverage improves as cameras are added:

# View progressive results for test_4
test_4/collision/after_0_cameras.png   # Initial state
test_4/collision/after_5_cameras.png   # After 5 cameras
test_4/collision/after_10_cameras.png  # After 10 cameras
test_4/collision/after_15_cameras.png  # After 15 cameras
test_4/collision/after_20_cameras.png  # After 20 cameras
test_4/collision/after_24_cameras.png  # Final state

🀝 Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Please follow these guidelines:

  1. Fork the repository
  2. Create a feature branch (git checkout -b feature/amazing-feature)
  3. Commit your changes (git commit -m 'Add amazing feature')
  4. Push to the branch (git push origin feature/amazing-feature)
  5. Open a Pull Request

Development Setup

# Clone your fork
git clone https://github.com/YOUR_USERNAME/BaoPhuCam.git
cd BaoPhuCam

# Install development dependencies
pip install numpy pillow scipy pandas matplotlib numba

# Run tests
python camera_placement.py

πŸ“ License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.


πŸ“§ Contact & Support


πŸ™ Acknowledgments

  • Developed for the Jackfruit Village surveillance optimization project
  • Uses Bresenham's Line Algorithm for line-of-sight calculations
  • Uses Midpoint Circle Algorithm for coverage visualization
  • Inspired by computer vision and computational geometry techniques
  • Built with Python scientific computing stack (NumPy, SciPy, Numba)

πŸ“ˆ Future Enhancements

  • Real-time camera placement optimization
  • 3D terrain analysis
  • Multi-camera coordination
  • Machine learning-based coverage prediction
  • Web-based visualization interface
  • Mobile app for field deployment
  • Integration with actual camera systems
  • Cost optimization algorithms

Last Updated: February 2026
Version: 1.0.0
Status: Production Ready βœ…

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