[FLINK-36706] Refactor TypeInferenceExtractor for PTFs #20

Job	Run time
Pre-compile Checks / Basic QA	14m 47s
Default (Java 11) / Compile	9m 3s
Default (Java 11) / Test packaging/licensing	40m 38s
Default (Java 11) / E2E (group 1)	1h 28m 45s
Default (Java 11) / E2E (group 2)	1h 47m 31s
Default (Java 11) / Test (module: core)	31m 41s
Default (Java 11) / Test (module: python)	29m 26s
Default (Java 11) / Test (module: table)	36m 9s
Default (Java 11) / Test (module: connect)	8m 36s
Default (Java 11) / Test (module: tests)	36m 3s
Default (Java 11) / Test (module: misc)	27m 51s
	7h 10m 30s

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