free5GC 5GC & UERANSIM UE / RAN Sample Configuration - eUPF(eBPF/XDP UPF)

This describes a simple configuration for working free5GC and eUPF(eBPF/XDP UPF). In particular, see here for eUPF.

Sample Configurations and Miscellaneous for Mobile Network

Overview of free5GC 5GC Simulation Mobile Network
Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM UE / RAN
Network settings of free5GC 5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM UE / RAN
- Network settings of eUPF and Data Network Gateway
Build free5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM
Run free5GC 5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM UE / RAN
Ping google.com
- Case for going through DN 10.60.0.0/16
Changelog (summary)

Overview of free5GC 5GC Simulation Mobile Network

This describes a simple configuration of C-Plane, eBPF/XDP UPF and Data Network Gateway for free5GC. Note that this configuration is implemented with Proxmox VE VMs.

The following minimum configuration was set as a condition.

One UPF and Data Network Gateway
One UE and one DNN

The built simulation environment is as follows.

The 5GC / eBPF/XDP UPF / UE / RAN used are as follows.

5GC - free5GC v4.0.1 (2025.04.27) - https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc
eBPF/XDP UPF - eUPF v0.7.1 (2025.04.16) - https://github.com/edgecomllc/eupf
UE / RAN - UERANSIM v3.2.7 (2025.04.28) - https://github.com/aligungr/UERANSIM

Each VMs are as follows.

VM	SW & Role	IP address	OS	CPU (Min)	Mem (Min)	HDD (Min)
VM1	free5GC 5GC C-Plane	192.168.0.141/24	Ubuntu 24.04	1	2GB	20GB
VM-UP	eUPF U-Plane	192.168.0.151/24	Ubuntu 24.04	1	2GB	20GB
VM-DN	Data Network Gateway	192.168.0.152/24	Ubuntu 24.04	1	1GB	10GB
VM2	UERANSIM RAN (gNodeB)	192.168.0.131/24	Ubuntu 24.04	1	1GB	10GB
VM3	UERANSIM UE	192.168.0.132/24	Ubuntu 24.04	1	1GB	10GB

The network interfaces of each VM are as follows.

VM	Device	Model	Linux Bridge	IP address	Interface	XDP
VM1	ens18	VirtIO	vmbr1	10.0.0.141/24	(NAPT NW)	--
	ens19	VirtIO	mgbr0	192.168.0.141/24	(Mgmt NW)	--
	ens20	VirtIO	vmbr4	192.168.14.141/24	N4	--
VM-UP	~~ens18~~	~~VirtIO~~	~~vmbr1~~	~~10.0.0.151/24~~	~~(NAPT NW)~~ down	--
	ens19	VirtIO	mgbr0	192.168.0.151/24	(Mgmt NW)	--
	ens20	VirtIO	vmbr3	192.168.13.151/24	N3	x
	ens21	VirtIO	vmbr4	192.168.14.151/24	N4	--
	ens22	VirtIO	vmbr6	192.168.16.151/24	N6	x
VM-DN	ens18	VirtIO	vmbr1	10.0.0.152/24	(NAPT NW)	--
	ens19	VirtIO	mgbr0	192.168.0.152/24	(Mgmt NW)	--
	ens20	VirtIO	vmbr6	192.168.16.152/24	N6, default GW for VM-UP	--
VM2	ens18	VirtIO	vmbr1	10.0.0.131/24	(NAPT NW)	--
	ens19	VirtIO	mgbr0	192.168.0.131/24	(Mgmt NW)	--
	ens20	VirtIO	vmbr3	192.168.13.131/24	N3	--
VM3	ens18	VirtIO	vmbr1	10.0.0.132/24	(NAPT NW)	--
	ens19	VirtIO	mgbr0	192.168.0.132/24	(Mgmt NW)	--

Linux Bridges of Proxmox VE are as follows.

Linux Bridge	Network CIDR	Interface
vmbr1	10.0.0.0/24	NAPT NW
mgbr0	192.168.0.0/24	Mgmt NW
vmbr3	192.168.13.0/24	N3
vmbr4	192.168.14.0/24	N4
vmbr6	192.168.16.0/24	N6

Subscriber Information (other information is the same) is as follows.
Note. Please select OP or OPc according to the setting of UERANSIM UE configuration file.

UE	IMSI	DNN	OP/OPc
UE	001010000000000	internet	OPc

I registered these information with the free5GC WebUI. In addition, 3GPP TS 35.208 "4.3 Test Sets" is published by 3GPP as test data for the 3GPP authentication and key generation functions (MILENAGE).

The DN is as follows.

DN	DNN	TUNnel interface of UE
10.60.0.0/16	internet	uesimtun0

Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM UE / RAN

Please refer to the following for building free5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM respectively.

free5GC v4.0.1 (2025.04.27) - https://free5gc.org/guide/
eUPF v0.7.1 (2025.04.16) - https://github.com/s5uishida/install_eupf
UERANSIM v3.2.7 (2025.04.28) - https://github.com/aligungr/UERANSIM/wiki/Installation

Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC C-Plane

The combination of DNN and S-NSSAI parameters can be used in the logic that selects UPF as the connection destination by PFCP.

DNN
S-NSSAI

For the sake of simplicity, This time, only DNN will be changed. S-NSSAI of all UEs is fixed as SST=1 and SD=010203.

free5gc/config/amfcfg.yaml

--- amfcfg.yaml.orig    2024-10-13 05:09:24.000000000 +0900
+++ amfcfg.yaml 2025-05-04 19:42:17.462006265 +0900
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 configuration:
   amfName: AMF # the name of this AMF
   ngapIpList:  # the IP list of N2 interfaces on this AMF
-    - 127.0.0.18
+    - 192.168.0.141
   ngapPort: 38412 # the SCTP port listened by NGAP
 
   # Service-based Interface (SBI) Configuration
@@ -30,22 +30,22 @@
   servedGuamiList:
     # <GUAMI> = <MCC><MNC><AMF ID>
     - plmnId: # Public Land Mobile Network ID, <PLMN ID> = <MCC><MNC>
-        mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-        mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
       amfId: cafe00 # AMF identifier (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
 
   # the TAI (Tracking Area Identifier) list supported by this AMF
   supportTaiList:
     - plmnId: # Public Land Mobile Network ID, <PLMN ID> = <MCC><MNC>
-        mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-        mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
       tac: 000001 # Tracking Area Code (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
 
   # the PLMNs (Public land mobile network) list supported by this AMF
   plmnSupportList:
     - plmnId: # Public Land Mobile Network ID, <PLMN ID> = <MCC><MNC>
-        mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-        mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
       snssaiList: # the S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information) list supported by this AMF
         - sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
           sd: 010203 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)

free5gc/config/ausfcfg.yaml

--- ausfcfg.yaml.orig   2024-09-01 09:47:28.000000000 +0900
+++ ausfcfg.yaml        2024-09-01 09:55:54.000000000 +0900
@@ -16,10 +16,8 @@
   nrfUri: http://127.0.0.10:8000 # a valid URI of NRF
   nrfCertPem: cert/nrf.pem # NRF Certificate
   plmnSupportList: # the PLMNs (Public Land Mobile Network) list supported by this AUSF
-    - mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-      mnc: 93  # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-    - mcc: 123 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-      mnc: 45  # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    - mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+      mnc: 01  # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
   groupId: ausfGroup001 # ID for the group of the AUSF
   eapAkaSupiImsiPrefix: false # including "imsi-" prefix or not when using the SUPI to do EAP-AKA' authentication

free5gc/config/nrfcfg.yaml

--- nrfcfg.yaml.orig    2024-09-01 09:47:28.000000000 +0900
+++ nrfcfg.yaml 2024-09-01 09:56:10.000000000 +0900
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@
       key: cert/root.key
     oauth: true
   DefaultPlmnId:
-    mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-    mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
   serviceNameList: # the SBI services provided by this NRF, refer to TS 29.510
     - nnrf-nfm # Nnrf_NFManagement service
     - nnrf-disc # Nnrf_NFDiscovery service

free5gc/config/nssfcfg.yaml

--- nssfcfg.yaml.orig   2024-09-01 09:47:28.000000000 +0900
+++ nssfcfg.yaml        2024-09-01 09:56:46.000000000 +0900
@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@
   nrfUri: http://127.0.0.10:8000 # a valid URI of NRF
   nrfCertPem: cert/nrf.pem # NRF Certificate
   supportedPlmnList: # the PLMNs (Public land mobile network) list supported by this NSSF
-    - mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-      mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    - mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+      mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
   supportedNssaiInPlmnList: # Supported S-NSSAI List for each PLMN
     - plmnId: # Public Land Mobile Network ID, <PLMN ID> = <MCC><MNC>
-        mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-        mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
       supportedSnssaiList: # Supported S-NSSAIs of the PLMN
         - sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
           sd: 010203 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)

free5gc/config/smfcfg.yaml

--- smfcfg.yaml.orig    2024-10-13 05:09:24.000000000 +0900
+++ smfcfg.yaml 2025-05-04 21:00:46.538990509 +0900
@@ -42,16 +42,16 @@
 
   # Optional: PLMN IDs configuration.
   plmnList:
-    - mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-      mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    - mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+      mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
   locality: area1 # Name of the location where a set of AMF, SMF, PCF and UPFs are located
 
   # PFCP (Packet Forwarding Control Protocol) configuration for N4 interface.
   pfcp:
     # addr config is deprecated in smf config v1.0.3, please use the following config
-    nodeID: 127.0.0.1 # the Node ID of this SMF
-    listenAddr: 127.0.0.1 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
-    externalAddr: 127.0.0.1 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
+    nodeID: 192.168.14.141 # the Node ID of this SMF
+    listenAddr: 192.168.14.141 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
+    externalAddr: 192.168.14.141 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
     assocFailAlertInterval: 10s
     assocFailRetryInterval: 30s
     heartbeatInterval: 10s
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@
         type: AN # the type of the node (AN or UPF)
       UPF: # the name of the node
         type: UPF # the type of the node (AN or UPF)
-        nodeID: 127.0.0.8 # the Node ID of this UPF
-        addr: 127.0.0.8 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this UPF (PFCP)
+        nodeID: 192.168.14.151 # the Node ID of this UPF
+        addr: 192.168.14.151 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this UPF (PFCP)
         sNssaiUpfInfos: # S-NSSAI information list for this UPF
           - sNssai: # S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information)
               sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
         interfaces: # Interface list for this UPF
           - interfaceType: N3 # the type of the interface (N3 or N9)
             endpoints: # the IP address of this N3/N9 interface on this UPF
-              - 127.0.0.8
+              - 192.168.13.151
             networkInstances: # Data Network Name (DNN)
               - internet
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
     links:
       - A: gNB1
         B: UPF
-
+  ulcl: false
   # retransmission timer for PDU session modification command
   t3591:
     enable: true # true or false

Changes in configuration files of eUPF

See here for the original file.

eupf/config.yml

--- config.yml.orig     2025-03-16 14:23:10.971766289 +0900
+++ config.yml  2025-05-04 20:01:22.764630769 +0900
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 api_address: :8080
 pfcp_address: 192.168.14.151:8805
 pfcp_node_id: 192.168.14.151
-pfcp_remote_node: 192.168.14.111
+pfcp_remote_node: 192.168.14.141
 association_setup_timeout: 5
 metrics_address: :9090
 n3_address: 192.168.13.151

Changes in configuration files of UERANSIM UE / RAN

Changes in configuration files of RAN

UERANSIM/config/free5gc-gnb.yaml

--- free5gc-gnb.yaml.orig       2024-12-11 20:31:30.000000000 +0900
+++ free5gc-gnb.yaml    2025-05-04 19:47:48.421731012 +0900
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
-mcc: '208'          # Mobile Country Code value
-mnc: '93'           # Mobile Network Code value (2 or 3 digits)
+mcc: '001'          # Mobile Country Code value
+mnc: '01'           # Mobile Network Code value (2 or 3 digits)
 
 nci: '0x000000010'  # NR Cell Identity (36-bit)
 idLength: 32        # NR gNB ID length in bits [22...32]
 tac: 1              # Tracking Area Code
 
-linkIp: 127.0.0.1   # gNB's local IP address for Radio Link Simulation (Usually same with local IP)
-ngapIp: 127.0.0.1   # gNB's local IP address for N2 Interface (Usually same with local IP)
-gtpIp: 127.0.0.1    # gNB's local IP address for N3 Interface (Usually same with local IP)
+linkIp: 192.168.0.131   # gNB's local IP address for Radio Link Simulation (Usually same with local IP)
+ngapIp: 192.168.0.131   # gNB's local IP address for N2 Interface (Usually same with local IP)
+gtpIp: 192.168.13.131    # gNB's local IP address for N3 Interface (Usually same with local IP)
 
 # List of AMF address information
 amfConfigs:
-  - address: 127.0.0.1
+  - address: 192.168.0.141
     port: 38412
 
 # List of supported S-NSSAIs by this gNB

Changes in configuration files of UE (IMSI-001010000000000)

UERANSIM/config/free5gc-ue.yaml

--- free5gc-ue.yaml.orig        2025-03-16 15:49:12.000000000 +0900
+++ free5gc-ue.yaml     2025-05-04 19:49:27.180000029 +0900
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # IMSI number of the UE. IMSI = [MCC|MNC|MSISDN] (In total 15 digits)
-supi: 'imsi-208930000000001'
+supi: 'imsi-001010000000000'
 # Mobile Country Code value of HPLMN
-mcc: '208'
+mcc: '001'
 # Mobile Network Code value of HPLMN (2 or 3 digits)
-mnc: '93'
+mnc: '01'
 # SUCI Protection Scheme : 0 for Null-scheme, 1 for Profile A and 2 for Profile B
 protectionScheme: 0
 # Home Network Public Key for protecting with SUCI Profile A
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 
 # List of gNB IP addresses for Radio Link Simulation
 gnbSearchList:
-  - 127.0.0.1
+  - 192.168.0.131
 
 # UAC Access Identities Configuration
 uacAic:

Network settings of free5GC 5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM UE / RAN

Network settings of eUPF and Data Network Gateway

See this1 and this2.

Build free5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM

Please refer to the following for building free5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM respectively.

free5GC v4.0.1 (2025.04.27) - https://free5gc.org/guide/
eUPF v0.7.1 (2025.04.16) - https://github.com/s5uishida/install_eupf
UERANSIM v3.2.7 (2025.04.28) - https://github.com/aligungr/UERANSIM/wiki/Installation

Install MongoDB on free5GC 5GC C-Plane machine. MongoDB Compass is a convenient tool to look at the MongoDB database.

Note. The installation guide also includes instructions on building the latest committed version.

Run free5GC 5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM UE / RAN

First run eUPF, then the 5GC and UERANSIM (UE & RAN implementation).

Run eUPF

See this.

Run free5GC 5GC C-Plane

Next, run free5GC 5GC C-Plane. Create the following shell script and run it.

#!/usr/bin/env bash

PID_LIST=()

NF_LIST="nrf amf smf udr pcf udm nssf ausf chf nef"

export GIN_MODE=release

for NF in ${NF_LIST}; do
    ./bin/${NF} &
    PID_LIST+=($!)
    sleep 1
done

function terminate()
{
    sudo kill -SIGTERM ${PID_LIST[${#PID_LIST[@]}-2]} ${PID_LIST[${#PID_LIST[@]}-1]}
    sleep 2
}

trap terminate SIGINT
wait ${PID_LIST}

The PFCP association log between eUPF and free5GC SMF is as follows.

2025/05/04 21:05:53 INF Got Association Setup Request from: 192.168.14.141
2025/05/04 21:05:53 INF 
Association Setup Request:
  Node ID: 192.168.14.141
  Recovery Time: 2025-05-04 21:05:52 +0900 JST

2025/05/04 21:05:53 INF Saving new association: &{ID:192.168.14.141 Addr:192.168.14.141 NextSessionID:1 NextSequenceID:1 Sessions:map[] HeartbeatChannel:0xc0001fa540 HeartbeatsActive:false Mutex:{_:{} mu:{state:0 sema:0}}}

Run UERANSIM

Here, the case of UE (IMSI-001010000000000) & RAN is described. First, do an NG Setup between gNodeB and 5GC, then register the UE with 5GC and establish a PDU session.

Please refer to the following for usage of UERANSIM.

https://github.com/aligungr/UERANSIM/wiki/Usage

Start gNB

Start gNB as follows.

# ./nr-gnb -c ../config/free5gc-gnb.yaml
UERANSIM v3.2.7
[2025-05-04 21:06:50.754] [sctp] [info] Trying to establish SCTP connection... (192.168.0.141:38412)
[2025-05-04 21:06:50.757] [sctp] [info] SCTP connection established (192.168.0.141:38412)
[2025-05-04 21:06:50.757] [sctp] [debug] SCTP association setup ascId[9]
[2025-05-04 21:06:50.757] [ngap] [debug] Sending NG Setup Request
[2025-05-04 21:06:50.759] [ngap] [debug] NG Setup Response received
[2025-05-04 21:06:50.759] [ngap] [info] NG Setup procedure is successful

The free5GC C-Plane log when executed is as follows.

2025-05-04T21:06:50.774396882+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap] [AMF] SCTP Accept from: 192.168.0.131:56315
2025-05-04T21:06:50.775037955+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap] Create a new NG connection for: 192.168.0.131:56315
2025-05-04T21:06:50.775478564+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle NGSetupRequest
2025-05-04T21:06:50.775585927+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Send NG-Setup response

Start UE

Start UE as follows. This will register the UE with 5GC and establish a PDU session.

# ./nr-ue -c ../config/free5gc-ue.yaml
UERANSIM v3.2.7
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.833] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-DEREGISTERED/PLMN-SEARCH]
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.834] [rrc] [debug] New signal detected for cell[1], total [1] cells in coverage
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.834] [nas] [info] Selected plmn[001/01]
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.834] [rrc] [info] Selected cell plmn[001/01] tac[1] category[SUITABLE]
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.834] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-DEREGISTERED/PS]
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.834] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-DEREGISTERED/NORMAL-SERVICE]
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.834] [nas] [debug] Initial registration required due to [MM-DEREG-NORMAL-SERVICE]
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.836] [nas] [debug] UAC access attempt is allowed for identity[0], category[MO_sig]
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.836] [nas] [debug] Sending Initial Registration
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.836] [rrc] [debug] Sending RRC Setup Request
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.836] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-REGISTER-INITIATED]
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.836] [rrc] [info] RRC connection established
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.836] [rrc] [info] UE switches to state [RRC-CONNECTED]
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.837] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [CM-CONNECTED]
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.890] [nas] [debug] Authentication Request received
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.890] [nas] [debug] Received SQN [00000000002C]
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.890] [nas] [debug] SQN-MS [000000000000]
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.913] [nas] [debug] Security Mode Command received
[2025-05-04 21:07:29.913] [nas] [debug] Selected integrity[2] ciphering[0]
[2025-05-04 21:07:30.068] [nas] [debug] Registration accept received
[2025-05-04 21:07:30.068] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-REGISTERED/NORMAL-SERVICE]
[2025-05-04 21:07:30.068] [nas] [debug] Sending Registration Complete
[2025-05-04 21:07:30.068] [nas] [info] Initial Registration is successful
[2025-05-04 21:07:30.068] [nas] [debug] Sending PDU Session Establishment Request
[2025-05-04 21:07:30.069] [nas] [debug] UAC access attempt is allowed for identity[0], category[MO_sig]
[2025-05-04 21:07:30.269] [nas] [debug] Configuration Update Command received
[2025-05-04 21:07:30.426] [nas] [debug] PDU Session Establishment Accept received
[2025-05-04 21:07:30.426] [nas] [info] PDU Session establishment is successful PSI[1]
[2025-05-04 21:07:30.445] [app] [info] Connection setup for PDU session[1] is successful, TUN interface[uesimtun0, 10.60.0.1] is up.

The free5GC C-Plane log when executed is as follows.

2025-05-04T21:07:29.865285871+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle InitialUEMessage
2025-05-04T21:07:29.865330346+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] New RanUe [RanUeNgapID:1][AmfUeNgapID:1]
2025-05-04T21:07:29.865364558+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] 5GSMobileIdentity ["SUCI":"suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000", err: <nil>]
2025-05-04T21:07:29.865409129+09:00 [INFO][AMF][CTX] New AmfUe [supi:][guti:00101cafe0000000001]
2025-05-04T21:07:29.865476972+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [Deregistered] to [Deregistered]
2025-05-04T21:07:29.865483607+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] Handle Registration Request
2025-05-04T21:07:29.865490559+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] RegistrationType: Initial Registration
2025-05-04T21:07:29.865497755+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] MobileIdentity5GS: SUCI[suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000]
2025-05-04T21:07:29.865507939+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Start Authentication], transition from [Deregistered] to [Authentication]
2025-05-04T21:07:29.865514047+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] Authentication procedure
2025-05-04T21:07:29.866405843+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.867997245+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.870302443+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.871250539+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.872473438+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&target-nf-type=AUSF |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.873472728+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.874882873+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.877562044+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.878983108+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuth] HandleUeAuthPostRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.879316283+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuth] Serving network authorized
2025-05-04T21:07:29.880034825+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.881269460+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.883465320+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.884349764+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.885652405+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AUSF&service-names=nudm-ueau&target-nf-type=UDM |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.888809692+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.889856670+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.892891955+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.894737500+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UEAU] Handle GenerateAuthDataRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.895515666+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.896913307+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.899537740+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.899929205+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Suci] scheme 0
2025-05-04T21:07:29.900028074+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Suci] SUPI type is IMSI
2025-05-04T21:07:29.900312798+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.901415162+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.903554552+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.904358812+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.905144460+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=UDM&target-nf-type=UDR |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.909753397+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/authentication-data/authentication-subscription |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.910485280+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Proc] ModifyAuthenticationSubscriptionRequest:  [{replace /sequenceNumber  { 00000000002d map[] 0 }}]
2025-05-04T21:07:29.914355520+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | PATCH   | /nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/authentication-data/authentication-subscription |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.914784363+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudm-ueau/v1/suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000/security-information/generate-auth-data |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.915349827+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuth] Add SuciSupiPair (suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000, imsi-001010000000000) to map.
2025-05-04T21:07:29.915519478+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuth] Use 5G AKA auth method
2025-05-04T21:07:29.915796272+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAka] XresStar = 3638383432393835343537383962373738323962326565366532383838616434
2025-05-04T21:07:29.916054756+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nausf-auth/v1/ue-authentications |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.916677678+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] Send Authentication Request
2025-05-04T21:07:29.916936241+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Send Downlink Nas Transport
2025-05-04T21:07:29.917183922+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] Start T3560 timer
2025-05-04T21:07:29.918195994+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle UplinkNASTransport
2025-05-04T21:07:29.918355471+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle UplinkNASTransport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2025-05-04T21:07:29.918398088+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [Authentication] to [Authentication]
2025-05-04T21:07:29.918404439+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] Handle Authentication Response
2025-05-04T21:07:29.918411847+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:] Stop T3560 timer
2025-05-04T21:07:29.919223185+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.920732540+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.923391053+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.924855353+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAka] Auth5gAkaComfirmRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.924900326+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAka] res*: 3638383432393835343537383962373738323962326565366532383838616434
Xres*: 3638383432393835343537383962373738323962326565366532383838616434
2025-05-04T21:07:29.925024068+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAka] 5G AKA confirmation succeeded
2025-05-04T21:07:29.925725629+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.926701680+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.929577076+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.931240188+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UEAU] Handle ConfirmAuthDataRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.932024464+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.933364340+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.936096629+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.938586210+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/authentication-data/authentication-status |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.938890861+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudm-ueau/v1/imsi-001010000000000/auth-events |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.939375793+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nausf-auth/v1/ue-authentications/suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000000/5g-aka-confirmation |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.939788879+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Authentication Success], transition from [Authentication] to [SecurityMode]
2025-05-04T21:07:29.939955136+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Send Security Mode Command
2025-05-04T21:07:29.940239437+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Send Downlink Nas Transport
2025-05-04T21:07:29.940539697+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Start T3560 timer
2025-05-04T21:07:29.941462289+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle UplinkNASTransport
2025-05-04T21:07:29.941478826+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle UplinkNASTransport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2025-05-04T21:07:29.941533918+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [SecurityMode] to [SecurityMode]
2025-05-04T21:07:29.941542640+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle Security Mode Complete
2025-05-04T21:07:29.941548029+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Stop T3560 timer
2025-05-04T21:07:29.941576542+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[SecurityMode Success], transition from [SecurityMode] to [ContextSetup]
2025-05-04T21:07:29.941583557+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle InitialRegistration
2025-05-04T21:07:29.942435953+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.943822525+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.946012105+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.946891825+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.948021500+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&supi=imsi-001010000000000&target-nf-type=UDM |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.948685358+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.949817175+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.954369478+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.956372390+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Consumer] TwoLayerPathHandlerFunc,  imsi-001010000000000 nssai
2025-05-04T21:07:29.956681883+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetNssai
2025-05-04T21:07:29.957496548+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.958587580+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.960961499+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.962405148+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] QueryAmDataProcedure: ueId: imsi-001010000000000, servingPlmnId: 00101
2025-05-04T21:07:29.963006516+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/00101/provisioned-data/am-data?supported-features= |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.964344312+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-001010000000000/nssai?plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.964903221+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] RequestedNssai: &{Iei:47 Len:5 Buffer:[4 1 1 2 3]}
2025-05-04T21:07:29.964959464+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] RequestedNssai - ServingSnssai: &{Sst:1 Sd:010203}, HomeSnssai: <nil>
2025-05-04T21:07:29.965625735+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.966974921+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.968850882+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.969548816+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.970497692+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&supi=imsi-001010000000000&target-nf-type=UDM |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.970974251+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.972021840+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.974592318+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.976173573+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UECM] Handle RegistrationAmf3gppAccess
2025-05-04T21:07:29.976330897+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UECM] UEID: imsi-001010000000000
2025-05-04T21:07:29.977028912+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.977966576+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.980347253+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.983946932+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/context-data/amf-3gpp-access |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.984423584+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nudm-uecm/v1/imsi-001010000000000/registrations/amf-3gpp-access |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.986979468+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.989018830+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.991839177+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.993202656+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Consumer] TwoLayerPathHandlerFunc,  imsi-001010000000000 am-data
2025-05-04T21:07:29.993342462+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetAmData
2025-05-04T21:07:29.994104795+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:29.995306119+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:29.997924215+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:29.999255299+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DataRepo] QueryAmDataProcedure: ueId: imsi-001010000000000, servingPlmnId: 00101
2025-05-04T21:07:29.999806063+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/00101/provisioned-data/am-data?supported-features=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.001339193+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-001010000000000/am-data?plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.003825882+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.006591673+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.010325504+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.011770439+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Consumer] TwoLayerPathHandlerFunc,  imsi-001010000000000 smf-select-data
2025-05-04T21:07:30.011908000+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetSmfSelectData
2025-05-04T21:07:30.012742254+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.015393054+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.019100152+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.020943863+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/00101/provisioned-data/smf-selection-subscription-data?supported-features= |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.021450801+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-001010000000000/smf-select-data?plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.022658361+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.024231418+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.027040701+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.028321313+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Consumer] TwoLayerPathHandlerFunc,  imsi-001010000000000 ue-context-in-smf-data
2025-05-04T21:07:30.028622879+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetUeContextInSmfData
2025-05-04T21:07:30.029289327+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.030468299+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.033102790+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.034770635+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/context-data/smf-registrations?supported-features= |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.035276086+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-001010000000000/ue-context-in-smf-data |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.036109761+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.037482757+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.040399236+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.042267631+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Consumer] TwoLayerPathHandlerFunc,  imsi-001010000000000 sdm-subscriptions
2025-05-04T21:07:30.043190074+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle Subscribe
2025-05-04T21:07:30.043896281+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.044739163+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.047579040+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.050597023+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/context-data/sdm-subscriptions |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.051059504+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-001010000000000/sdm-subscriptions |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.052306537+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.053813107+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.055790451+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.056576064+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.057699004+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?preferred-locality=area1&requester-nf-type=AMF&supi=imsi-001010000000000&target-nf-type=PCF |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.058268718+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.059641910+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.062679819+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.065005160+09:00 [INFO][PCF][AmPol] Handle AM Policy Create Request
2025-05-04T21:07:30.065857057+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.068471692+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.070539720+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.072837259+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.073631716+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=PCF&target-nf-type=UDR |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.074623327+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.076015602+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.078636643+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.080450676+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v2/policy-data/ues/imsi-001010000000000/am-data |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.081532180+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.083171989+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.085265206+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.086106089+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.087344683+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?guami=%7B%22plmnId%22%3A%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D%2C%22amfId%22%3A%22cafe00%22%7D&requester-nf-type=PCF&target-nf-type=AMF |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.087922498+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.089174027+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.092144748+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.093589251+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Comm] Handle AMF Status Change Subscribe Request
2025-05-04T21:07:30.093665946+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Comm] new AMF Status Subscription[1]
2025-05-04T21:07:30.093767498+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /namf-comm/v1/subscriptions |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.094370053+09:00 [INFO][PCF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /npcf-am-policy-control/v1/policies |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.094955455+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Send Registration Accept
2025-05-04T21:07:30.095203745+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Send Initial Context Setup Request
2025-05-04T21:07:30.095420778+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Start T3550 timer
2025-05-04T21:07:30.095825413+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle InitialContextSetupResponse
2025-05-04T21:07:30.095995053+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle InitialContextSetupResponse (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296550820+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle UplinkNASTransport
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296582752+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle UplinkNASTransport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296645007+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [ContextSetup] to [ContextSetup]
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296654753+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle Registration Complete
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296660566+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Stop T3550 timer
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296679341+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Send Configuration Update Command
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296686810+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Send Downlink Nas Transport
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296742495+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[ContextSetup Success], transition from [ContextSetup] to [Registered]
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296900208+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle UplinkNASTransport
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296908428+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle UplinkNASTransport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296938429+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [Registered] to [Registered]
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296944334+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Handle UL NAS Transport
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296949700+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Transport 5GSM Message to SMF
2025-05-04T21:07:30.296958747+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] Select SMF [snssai: {Sst:1 Sd:010203}, dnn: internet]
2025-05-04T21:07:30.297897548+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.299237972+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.301264127+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.302070835+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.302914888+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&target-nf-type=NSSF |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.303475932+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.304779298+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.307434920+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.308925135+09:00 [INFO][NSSF][NsSel] Handle NSSelectionGet
2025-05-04T21:07:30.309354953+09:00 [WARN][NSSF][Util] No TA {"plmnId":{"mcc":"001","mnc":"01"},"tac":"000001"} in NSSF configuration
2025-05-04T21:07:30.309596922+09:00 [INFO][NSSF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnssf-nsselection/v2/network-slice-information?nf-id=1fbf84cc-5cd9-4a5a-9588-1da312f05839&nf-type=AMF&slice-info-request-for-pdu-session=%7B%22sNssai%22%3A%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22010203%22%7D%2C%22roamingIndication%22%3A%22NON_ROAMING%22%7D&tai=%7B%22plmnId%22%3A%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D%2C%22tac%22%3A%22000001%22%7D |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.310035854+09:00 [WARN][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] nsiInformation is still nil, use default NRF[http://127.0.0.10:8000]
2025-05-04T21:07:30.310854571+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.312081817+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.314279684+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.315113936+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.316435971+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?dnn=internet&preferred-locality=area1&requester-nf-type=AMF&service-names=nsmf-pdusession&snssais=%5B%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22010203%22%7D%5D&target-nf-type=SMF&target-plmn-list=%5B%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D%5D |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.317115789+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.318709977+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.323863003+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.326978429+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Receive Create SM Context Request
2025-05-04T21:07:30.328883927+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] In HandlePDUSessionSMContextCreate
2025-05-04T21:07:30.329142902+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] UrrPeriod: 30s
2025-05-04T21:07:30.330112755+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] UrrThreshold: 500000
2025-05-04T21:07:30.331408514+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.333486155+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.335701537+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.336543217+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.337545117+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-type=UDM |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.338475596+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] Send NF Discovery Serving UDM Successfully
2025-05-04T21:07:30.338846051+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.340013915+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.343060489+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.344653006+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Consumer] TwoLayerPathHandlerFunc,  imsi-001010000000000 sm-data
2025-05-04T21:07:30.344852777+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetSmData
2025-05-04T21:07:30.345591343+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.346785418+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.349397899+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.349801645+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] getSmDataProcedure: SUPI[imsi-001010000000000] PLMNID[00101] DNN[internet] SNssai[{"sst":1,"sd":"010203"}]
2025-05-04T21:07:30.351465326+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/00101/provisioned-data/sm-data?single-nssai=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22010203%22%7D |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.351925923+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-001010000000000/sm-data?dnn=internet&plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D&single-nssai=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22010203%22%7D |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.353040475+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] In HandlePDUSessionEstablishmentRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30+09:00 [INFO][NAS][Convert] ProtocolOrContainerList:  [0xc000255600 0xc000255620]
2025-05-04T21:07:30.353337694+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] Protocol Configuration Options
2025-05-04T21:07:30.353461135+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] &{[0xc000255600 0xc000255620]}
2025-05-04T21:07:30.353498226+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] Didn't Implement container type IPAddressAllocationViaNASSignallingUL
2025-05-04T21:07:30.354376599+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.355583643+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.357733157+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.358436380+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.359516193+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-instance-id=1fbf84cc-5cd9-4a5a-9588-1da312f05839&target-nf-type=AMF |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.360026076+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Consumer] SendNFDiscoveryServingAMF ok
2025-05-04T21:07:30.360292771+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] Allocated UE IP address: 10.60.0.1
2025-05-04T21:07:30.360485255+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] Selected UPF: UPF
2025-05-04T21:07:30.360503734+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] Allocated PDUAdress[10.60.0.1]
2025-05-04T21:07:30.360826994+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.361857274+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.364035924+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.364783319+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.365691747+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?preferred-locality=area1&requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-type=PCF |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.366501176+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.367679750+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.370618729+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.372040489+09:00 [INFO][PCF][SMpolicy] Handle CreateSmPolicy
2025-05-04T21:07:30.373115226+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.374305745+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.377003211+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.379405271+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v2/policy-data/ues/imsi-001010000000000/sm-data?dnn=internet&snssai=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22010203%22%7D |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.383125009+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.385395307+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.389228584+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.392330350+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v2/application-data/influenceData?dnns=internet&snssais=%5B%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22010203%22%7D%5D&supis=imsi-001010000000000 |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.392715163+09:00 [INFO][PCF][SMpolicy] Matched [0] trafficInfluDatas from UDR
2025-05-04T21:07:30.393522182+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.394883394+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.397534025+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.399114014+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudr-dr/v2/application-data/influenceData/subs-to-notify |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.400078531+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.401710796+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.403789367+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.404496194+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.404962162+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=PCF&target-nf-type=BSF |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.406105572+09:00 [INFO][PCF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /npcf-smpolicycontrol/v1/sm-policies |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.407602279+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] CHF Selection for SMContext SUPI[imsi-001010000000000] PDUSessionID[1]
2025-05-04T21:07:30.408576361+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.409707292+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.411767398+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.412539078+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DISC] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.413415550+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-type=CHF |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.413792233+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Charging] Handle SendConvergedChargingRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.414024094+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.415269410+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.417975609+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.423391277+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] HandleChargingdataInitial
2025-05-04T21:07:30.423650093+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] SMF charging event
2025-05-04T21:07:30.423898718+09:00 [ERRO][CHF][ChargingPost] Charging gateway fail to send CDR to billing domain dial tcp 127.0.0.1:2121: connect: connection refused
2025-05-04T21:07:30.424026819+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] Open CDR for UE imsi-001010000000000
2025-05-04T21:07:30.424245737+09:00 [INFO][CHF][ChargingPost] NewChfUe imsi-001010000000000
2025-05-04T21:07:30.424826003+09:00 [INFO][CHF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nchf-convergedcharging/v3/chargingdata |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.425524102+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Charging] Send Charging Data Request[Init] successfully
2025-05-04T21:07:30.425789643+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] Install PCCRule[PccRuleId-1]
2025-05-04T21:07:30.425980616+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] No srcTcData and tgtTcData. Nothing to do
2025-05-04T21:07:30.426157121+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess][pdu_session_id:1][supi:imsi-001010000000000] Has default path
2025-05-04T21:07:30.427752490+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Sending PFCP Session Establishment Request
2025-05-04T21:07:30.429520011+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Consumer] TwoLayerPathHandlerFunc,  imsi-001010000000000 sdm-subscriptions
2025-05-04T21:07:30.430004350+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Received PFCP Session Establishment Accepted Response
2025-05-04T21:07:30.430257346+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle Subscribe
2025-05-04T21:07:30.431506885+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.435168359+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.438683166+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.438991287+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.440707718+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.441812728+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudr-dr/v2/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000000/context-data/sdm-subscriptions |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.443535701+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudm-sdm/v2/imsi-001010000000000/sdm-subscriptions |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.443875422+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] SDM Subscription Successful UE: imsi-001010000000000 SubscriptionId: 2
2025-05-04T21:07:30.444062935+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nsmf-pdusession/v1/sm-contexts |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.445034209+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Gmm][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][supi:SUPI:imsi-001010000000000] create smContext[pduSessionID: 1] Success
2025-05-04T21:07:30.449827857+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.451763717+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Producer] Handle N1N2 Message Transfer Request
2025-05-04T21:07:30.451947865+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Send PDU Session Resource Setup Request
2025-05-04T21:07:30.452262672+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /namf-comm/v1/ue-contexts/imsi-001010000000000/n1-n2-messages |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.453993509+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle PDUSessionResourceSetupResponse
2025-05-04T21:07:30.454189775+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Not comprehended IE ID 0x0079 (criticality: ignore)
2025-05-04T21:07:30.454213118+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Ngap][amf_ue_ngap_id:RU:1,AU:1(3GPP)][ran_addr:192.168.0.131:56315] Handle PDUSessionResourceSetupResponse (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2025-05-04T21:07:30.454997624+09:00 [INFO][NRF][Token] In HTTPAccessTokenRequest
2025-05-04T21:07:30.456535888+09:00 [WARN][NRF][Token] Certificate verify: x509: certificate signed by unknown authority (possibly because of "x509: invalid signature: parent certificate cannot sign this kind of certificate" while trying to verify candidate authority certificate "free5gc")
2025-05-04T21:07:30.459407353+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /oauth2/token |
2025-05-04T21:07:30.461188349+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Receive Update SM Context Request
2025-05-04T21:07:30.462625918+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Received PFCP Session Modification Accepted Response from AN UPF
2025-05-04T21:07:30.462920925+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nsmf-pdusession/v1/sm-contexts/urn:uuid:cd832468-60cf-4ed8-92c4-d3e29f8b8c27/modify |

The PDU session establishment log of eUPF is as follows.

2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Got Session Establishment Request from: 192.168.14.141.
2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF 
Session Establishment Request:
  CreatePDR ID: 1 
    Outer Header Removal: 0 
    FAR ID: 1 
    QER ID: 2 
    QER ID: 1 
    URR ID: 1 
    Source Interface: 0 
    TEID: 2 
    Ipv4: 192.168.13.151 
    Ipv6: <nil> 
    UE IPv4 Address: 10.60.0.1 
    SDF Filter: permit out ip from any to assigned 
  CreatePDR ID: 2 
    FAR ID: 2 
    QER ID: 2 
    QER ID: 1 
    URR ID: 1 
    Source Interface: 1 
    UE IPv4 Address: 10.60.0.1 
    SDF Filter: permit out ip from any to assigned 
  CreateFAR ID: 1 
    Apply Action: [2] 
    Forwarding Parameters:
      Network Instance: internet 
  CreateFAR ID: 2 
    Apply Action: [2] 
    Forwarding Parameters:
  CreateQER ID: 2 
    Gate Status DL: 0 
    Gate Status UL: 0 
    QFI: 1 
  CreateQER ID: 1 
    Gate Status DL: 0 
    Gate Status UL: 0 
    Max Bitrate DL: 1000000 
    Max Bitrate UL: 1000000 
    QFI: 1 
  CreateURR ID: 2 
    Measurement Method: 2 
    Volume Threshold: &{Flags:6 TotalVolume:0 UplinkVolume:500000 DownlinkVolume:500000} 
  CreateURR ID: 7 
    Measurement Method: 2 
    Volume Threshold: &{Flags:6 TotalVolume:0 UplinkVolume:500000 DownlinkVolume:500000} 
  CreateURR ID: 1 
    Measurement Method: 2 
    Volume Threshold: &{Flags:6 TotalVolume:0 UplinkVolume:500000 DownlinkVolume:500000} 

2025/05/04 21:07:30 WRN No OuterHeaderCreation
2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Saving FAR info to session: 1, {Action:2 OuterHeaderCreation:0 Teid:0 RemoteIP:0 LocalIP:2534254784 TransportLevelMarking:0}
2025/05/04 21:07:30 WRN No OuterHeaderCreation
2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Saving FAR info to session: 2, {Action:2 OuterHeaderCreation:0 Teid:0 RemoteIP:0 LocalIP:2534254784 TransportLevelMarking:0}
2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Saving QER info to session: 2, {GateStatusUL:0 GateStatusDL:0 Qfi:1 MaxBitrateUL:0 MaxBitrateDL:0 StartUL:0 StartDL:0}
2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Saving QER info to session: 1, {GateStatusUL:0 GateStatusDL:0 Qfi:1 MaxBitrateUL:1000000000 MaxBitrateDL:1000000000 StartUL:0 StartDL:0}
2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Saving URR info to session: 2, {UplinkVolume:0 DownlinkVolume:0}
2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Saving URR info to session: 7, {UplinkVolume:0 DownlinkVolume:0}
2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Saving URR info to session: 1, {UplinkVolume:0 DownlinkVolume:0}
2025/05/04 21:07:30 Matched groups: ["permit out ip from any to assigned" "ip" "any" "" "" "assigned" "" ""]
2025/05/04 21:07:30 Matched groups: ["permit out ip from any to assigned" "ip" "any" "" "" "assigned" "" ""]
2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Session Establishment Request from 192.168.14.141 accepted.
2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Got Session Modification Request from: 192.168.14.141. 

2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Finding association for 192.168.14.141
2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Finding session 2
2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF 
Session Modification Request:
  UpdatePDR ID: 2 
    FAR ID: 2 
    URR ID: 1 
    Source Interface: 1 
    UE IPv4 Address: 10.60.0.1 
    SDF Filter: permit out ip from any to assigned 
  UpdateFAR ID: 2 
    Apply Action: [2] 
    Update forwarding Parameters:
      Network Instance: internet 
      Outer Header Creation: &{OuterHeaderCreationDescription:256 TEID:1 IPv4Address:192.168.13.131 IPv6Address:<nil> PortNumber:0 CTag:0 STag:0} 

2025/05/04 21:07:30 INF Updating FAR info: 2, {FarInfo:{Action:2 OuterHeaderCreation:1 Teid:1 RemoteIP:2198710464 LocalIP:2534254784 TransportLevelMarking:0} GlobalId:1}

Looking at the console log of the nr-ue command, UE has been assigned the IP address 10.60.0.1 from free5GC 5GC.

[2025-05-04 21:07:30.445] [app] [info] Connection setup for PDU session[1] is successful, TUN interface[uesimtun0, 10.60.0.1] is up.

Just in case, make sure it matches the IP address of the UE's TUNnel interface.

# ip addr show
...
10: uesimtun0: <POINTOPOINT,PROMISC,NOTRAILERS,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1400 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 500
    link/none 
    inet 10.60.0.1/24 scope global uesimtun0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::fb12:2e91:afc2:ffe7/64 scope link stable-privacy 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
...

Ping google.com

Specify the UE's TUNnel interface and try ping.

Please refer to the following for usage of TUNnel interface.

https://github.com/aligungr/UERANSIM/wiki/Usage

Case for going through DN 10.60.0.0/16

Run tcpdump on VM-DN and check that the packet goes through N6 (ens20).

ping google.com on VM3 (UE)

# ping google.com -I uesimtun0 -n
PING google.com (172.217.31.142) from 10.60.0.1 uesimtun0: 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.217.31.142: icmp_seq=1 ttl=111 time=19.3 ms
64 bytes from 172.217.31.142: icmp_seq=2 ttl=111 time=18.0 ms
64 bytes from 172.217.31.142: icmp_seq=3 ttl=111 time=17.9 ms

Run tcpdump on VM-DN

# tcpdump -i ens20 -n
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v[v]... for full protocol decode
listening on ens20, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), snapshot length 262144 bytes
21:12:55.825797 IP 10.60.0.1 > 172.217.31.142: ICMP echo request, id 1481, seq 1, length 64
21:12:55.844089 IP 172.217.31.142 > 10.60.0.1: ICMP echo reply, id 1481, seq 1, length 64
21:12:56.827327 IP 10.60.0.1 > 172.217.31.142: ICMP echo request, id 1481, seq 2, length 64
21:12:56.844309 IP 172.217.31.142 > 10.60.0.1: ICMP echo reply, id 1481, seq 2, length 64
21:12:57.828373 IP 10.60.0.1 > 172.217.31.142: ICMP echo request, id 1481, seq 3, length 64
21:12:57.845341 IP 172.217.31.142 > 10.60.0.1: ICMP echo reply, id 1481, seq 3, length 64

If you have built eUPF to output the kernel log for debugging as described here, you can see the kernel log as follows.

# cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_pipe

You could specify the IP address assigned to the TUNnel interface to run almost any applications (iperf3 etc.) as in the following example using nr-binder tool.

curl google.com on VM3 (UE)

# sh nr-binder 10.60.0.1 curl google.com
<HTML><HEAD><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<TITLE>301 Moved</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
<H1>301 Moved</H1>
The document has moved
<A HREF="http://www.google.com/">here</A>.
</BODY></HTML>

Run tcpdump on VM-DN

21:15:28.239828 IP 10.60.0.1.43781 > 172.217.31.142.80: Flags [S], seq 467769662, win 65280, options [mss 1360,sackOK,TS val 3747309310 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
21:15:28.255199 IP 172.217.31.142.80 > 10.60.0.1.43781: Flags [S.], seq 1099740655, ack 467769663, win 65535, options [mss 1412,sackOK,TS val 636095263 ecr 3747309310,nop,wscale 8], length 0
21:15:28.256230 IP 10.60.0.1.43781 > 172.217.31.142.80: Flags [.], ack 1, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 3747309326 ecr 636095263], length 0
21:15:28.256230 IP 10.60.0.1.43781 > 172.217.31.142.80: Flags [P.], seq 1:74, ack 1, win 510, options [nop,nop,TS val 3747309326 ecr 636095263], length 73: HTTP: GET / HTTP/1.1
21:15:28.273374 IP 172.217.31.142.80 > 10.60.0.1.43781: Flags [.], ack 74, win 1050, options [nop,nop,TS val 636095281 ecr 3747309326], length 0
21:15:28.370186 IP 172.217.31.142.80 > 10.60.0.1.43781: Flags [P.], seq 1:774, ack 74, win 1050, options [nop,nop,TS val 636095378 ecr 3747309326], length 773: HTTP: HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
21:15:28.371074 IP 10.60.0.1.43781 > 172.217.31.142.80: Flags [.], ack 774, win 504, options [nop,nop,TS val 3747309441 ecr 636095378], length 0
21:15:28.371892 IP 10.60.0.1.43781 > 172.217.31.142.80: Flags [F.], seq 74, ack 774, win 504, options [nop,nop,TS val 3747309441 ecr 636095378], length 0
21:15:28.387147 IP 172.217.31.142.80 > 10.60.0.1.43781: Flags [F.], seq 774, ack 75, win 1050, options [nop,nop,TS val 636095395 ecr 3747309441], length 0
21:15:28.388001 IP 10.60.0.1.43781 > 172.217.31.142.80: Flags [.], ack 775, win 504, options [nop,nop,TS val 3747309458 ecr 636095395], length 0

Please note that the ping tool does not work with nr-binder. Please refer to here for the reason. You could now connect to the DN and send any packets on the network using eUPF.

Now you could work free5GC with eUPF. I would like to thank the excellent developers and all the contributors of free5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM.

Changelog (summary)

[2025.05.04] Updated to eUPF v0.7.1 (2025.04.16), free5GC v4.0.1 (2025.04.27) and UERANSIM v3.2.7 (2025.04.28). Changed the VM environment from Virtualbox to Proxmox VE.
[2024.03.24] Updated to eUPF v0.6.1.
[2023.12.05] The eUPF version confirmed to work in the changelog on 2023.12.04 has been tagged as v0.6.0.
[2023.12.04] Updated as eUPF FTUP feature has been merged into main branch.
[2023.11.26] Updated to eUPF 120-upf-ftup-fteid branch that supports FTUP. Although free5GC does not support FTUP in PDU Session Establishment, I confirmed its operation on 120-upf-ftup-fteid branch in order to compare it with the logs of Open5GS which supports FTUP.
[2023.10.29] Initial release.

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
images		images
README.md		README.md

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free5GC 5GC & UERANSIM UE / RAN Sample Configuration - eUPF(eBPF/XDP UPF)

Sample Configurations and Miscellaneous for Mobile Network

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Overview of free5GC 5GC Simulation Mobile Network

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Case for going through DN 10.60.0.0/16

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free5GC 5GC & UERANSIM UE / RAN Sample Configuration - eUPF(eBPF/XDP UPF)

Sample Configurations and Miscellaneous for Mobile Network

Table of Contents

Overview of free5GC 5GC Simulation Mobile Network

Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM UE / RAN

Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC C-Plane

Changes in configuration files of eUPF

Changes in configuration files of UERANSIM UE / RAN

Changes in configuration files of RAN

Changes in configuration files of UE (IMSI-001010000000000)

Network settings of free5GC 5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM UE / RAN

Network settings of eUPF and Data Network Gateway

Build free5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM

Run free5GC 5GC, eUPF and UERANSIM UE / RAN

Run eUPF

Run free5GC 5GC C-Plane

Run UERANSIM

Start gNB

Start UE

Ping google.com

Case for going through DN 10.60.0.0/16

Changelog (summary)

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