🚨 [security] Update puma 6.4.2 → 7.1.0 (major)

[depfu]

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🚨 Your current dependencies have known security vulnerabilities 🚨

This dependency update fixes known security vulnerabilities. Please see the details below and assess their impact carefully. We recommend to merge and deploy this as soon as possible!

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Here is everything you need to know about this update. Please take a good look at what changed and the test results before merging this pull request.

What changed?

✳️ puma (6.4.2 → 7.1.0) · Repo · Changelog

Security Advisories 🚨

🚨 Puma's header normalization allows for client to clobber proxy set headers

Impact

Clients could clobber values set by intermediate proxies (such as X-Forwarded-For) by providing a underscore version of the same header (X-Forwarded_For). Any users trusting headers set by their proxy may be affected. Attackers may be able to downgrade connections to HTTP (non-SSL) or redirect responses, which could cause confidentiality leaks if combined with a separate MITM attack.

Patches

v6.4.3/v5.6.9 now discards any headers using underscores if the non-underscore version also exists. Effectively, allowing the proxy defined headers to always win.

Workarounds

Nginx has a underscores_in_headers configuration variable to discard these headers at the proxy level.

Any users that are implicitly trusting the proxy defined headers for security or availability should immediately cease doing so until upgraded to the fixed versions.

Release Notes

7.1.0

7.1.0 / 2025-10-16 - Neon Witch

• Features

  • Introduce after_worker_shutdown hook ([#3707])
  • Reintroduce keepalive "fast inline" behavior. Provides faster (8x on JRuby & 1.4x on Ruby) pipeline processing ([#3794])

• Bugfixes

  • Skip reading zero bytes when request body is buffered ([#3795])
  • Fix PUMA_LOG_CONFIG=1 logging twice with prune_bundler enabled ([#3778])
  • Fix prune_bundler not showing in PUMA_LOG_CONFIG=1 output ([#3779])
  • Guard ThreadPool method call, which may be nil during shutdown ([#3791], [#3790])
  • Set Thread.current.puma_server in Thread init code, not every request ([#3774])
  • Fix race condition while deleting pidfile ([#3657])

New Contributors

• @nerdrew made their first contribution in #3707
• @mopp made their first contribution in #3783
• @marksmith made their first contribution in #3657
• @Nymuxyzo made their first contribution in #3762

Full Changelog: v7.0.4...v7.1.0

7.0.4 (from changelog)

• Bugfixes

  • Fix SSL_shutdown error handling (#3703)
  • Strip whitespace from the beginnings of request header values. (#3742)

• Performance

  • puma_http11.c: Use interned UTF-8 strings for hash keys (#3754)
  • Move sleep cluster logic to its own class (#3746, #3740)

7.0.3

7.0.3 / 2025-09-13

• Performance

  • server.rb - process_client - add ka to todo if readable & complete ([#3748])

• Bugfixes

  • Convert PUMA_PERSISTENT_TIMEOUT to an Integer ([#3749])

7.0.2

What's Changed

• Fix Puma not booting if queue_requests disabled by @stanhu in #3731
• Replace sleep 0.001 while out_of_band_running with condition variable by @bensheldon in #3729
• bug: control_cli.rb - Fixup pumactl code to load puma.rb for deprecate_method_change by @MSP-Greg in #3736

New Contributors

• @bensheldon made their first contribution in #3729

Full Changelog: v7.0.1...v7.0.2

7.0.1

What's Changed

• Add backward compatibility aliases for Events class methods by @tannakartikey in #3725

Full Changelog: v7.0.0...v7.0.1

7.0.0

7.0.0

• Breaking changes
  • Set default max_keep_alive to 999 ([#3719])
  • Increase persistent_timeout default to 65 seconds ([#3378])
  • Raise an ArgumentError if no block given to hooks ([#3377])
  • Don't set env['HTTP_VERSION'] for Rack > 3.1 ([#3711], [#3576])
  • Runner.rb - remove ruby_engine method, deprecated Nov-2024 ([#3701])
  • Set conditional config defaults after CLI options are parsed and config files are loaded ([#3297])
  • Response headers set to lowercase ([#3704])
  • Update minimum Ruby version to 3.0 ([#3698])
  • Rename callback hooks ([#3438])

Old hook name	New hook name
on_worker_boot	before_worker_boot
on_worker_shutdown	before_worker_shutdown
on_restart	before_restart
on_booted	after_booted
on_stopped	after_stopped
on_refork	before_refork
on_thread_start	before_thread_start
on_thread_exit	before_thread_exit
on_worker_fork	before_worker_fork

• Features

  • Fix long tail response problem with keepalive connections ([#3678]) (Previously released in 7.0.0.pre1, this was a high effort change)
  • Introduce support for fiber-per-request. ([#3101])
  • Add support for rack.response_finished ([#3681])
  • Feature/support custom logger with request logs ([#3140])

• Bugfixes

  • Fixes a bug where triggering hooks in the ThreadPool fails ([#3716])
  • Fix error_logger inproperly logging env[QUERY_STRING] ([#3713], [#3625])
  • Fix handling of invalid Transfer-Encoding header errors ([#3702])
  • Fix socket leak on monitor wakeup NoMethodError in Reactor#select_loop ([#3696], [#3695])
  • CI: puma_socket.rb fixup socket/request writes ([#3684])
  • Warn when RUBY_MN_THREADS env var is set ([#3721])
  • Improve the DSL preload_app! doc ([#3712])
  • Fix the ability to focus individual tests ([#3705])
  • Set env['rack.hijack'] to client.method(:full_hijack) ([#3073])

• Performance

  • server.rb - initialize ivars @reactor and @env_set_http_version ([#3714])

• Refactor

  • Simplify Puma::DSL#process_hook logic ([#3710])
  • Dry up deprecation warnings and fix deprecation warnings when running CI. ([#3709], [#3708])
  • Ensure and enforce that configs are loaded before options are accessed ([#3616])

6.6.1

6.6.1 / 2025-07-30

• Bugfixes
  • Accept to_path to be nil on request bodies ([#3635])
  • Fix single runner stats before the server start ([#3572])
  • Fix incomplete worker boot state on refork ([#3601])
  • Improve HttpParserError messages for better debugging ([#3586])
  • Fix refork logs to distinguish from phased restarts ([#3598])
  • Fix rack.after_reply so it doesn't interrupt chain on error ([#3680])

6.6.0

Some stuff for JRuby users (SIGUSR2 trap), reforkers (see below), and a few debug/logging/observability related goodies.

• Features

  • Option to turn off SIGUSR2 trapping ([#3570], [#3567])
  • Shorten ThreadPool trimmer and reaper thread names ([#3383])
  • Add after_refork hook ([#3386])
  • Add busy threads stat ([#3517])
  • Add a debug log before running each type of hook ([#3375])
  • Allow alternative schemes in Binder ([#3348], [#3302])
  • Avoid spawning Threadpool#trim thread if pool size is fixed ([#3384])

• Bugfixes

  • Change HttpParserError to be subclass of StandardError ([#3590], [#3552])
  • added test cases
  • fix update phased restart symlink folder

• Performance

  • Only ping worker 0 during phased restart if using fork worker ([#3568])

• Refactor

  • Fix multi-delimiter split to get status app token ([#3505])
  • Change ping to use const ([#3595])
  • Fixup use of Puma::Const::PipeRequest constants ([#3565])
  • Update DSL hook processing logic to be consistent ([#3376])

6.5.0

They say good things come to wait, and you've all had to wait a long time for 6.5.0 because @nateberkopec had another daughter: Sky!

• Features

  • Print RUBY_DESCRIPTION when Puma starts ([#3407])
  • Set the worker process count automatically when using WEB_CONCURRENCY=auto ([#3439], [#3437])
  • Mark as ractor-safe ([#3486], [#3422])
  • Add option enable_keep_alive. true mimics existing behavior, but now can use false to disable keepalive to reduce queue tail latency ([#3496])
  • Add parameters to Puma methods to allow CI to change ENV in isolation ([#3485])
  • Add ssl_ciphersuites option for TLSv1.3 ciphers ([#3359], [#3343])
  • You can now use --threads 5 or threads 5 to config max/min threads with a single number (used to need to say 5:5) ([#3309])
  • Option to turn off systemd plugin ([#3425], [#3424])
  • Add on_stopped hook ([#3411], [#3380])

• Bugfixes

  • Handle blank environment variables when loading config ([#3539])
  • lib/rack/handler/puma.rb - fix for rackup v1.0.1, adjust Gemfile ([#3532], [#3531])
  • null_io.rb - add external_encoding, set_encoding, binmode, binmode? ([#3214])
  • Implement NullIO#seek and #pos to mimic IO ([#3468])
  • add support in rack handler & fix regression in binder for linux abstract namespace sockets ([#3508])
  • Use actual thread local for Puma::Server.current. ([#3360])
  • client.rb - fix request chunked body handling ([#3338], [#3337])
  • Properly handle two requests seen in the initial buffer ([#3332])
  • Fix response repeated status line when request is invalid or errors are raised ([#3308], [#3307])
  • Fix child processes not being reaped when Process.detach used ([#3314], [#3313])

• JRuby

  • Make HTTP length constants configurable ([#3518])
  • Fixup jruby_restart.rb & launcher.rb to work with ARM64 macOS JRuby ([#3467])

• Performance

  • Avoid checking if all workers reached timeout unless idle timeout is configured ([#3341])
  • Request body - increase read size to 64 kB ([#3548])
  • single mode skip wait_for_less_busy_worker ([#3325])

• Refactor

  • A ton of CI/test improvements by @MSP-Greg, as usual.
  • Add ThreadPool#stats and adjust Server#stats to use it ([#3527])
  • normalize whitespace in worker stats string ([#3513])
  • rack/handler/puma.rb - ssl - use start_with?, add test ([#3510])
  • extconf.rb - add logging for OpenSSL versions ([#3370])
  • Lazily require Puma::Rack::Builder ([#3340])
  • Refactor: Constantize worker pipe request types ([#3318])

• Docs

  • stats.md improvements ([#3514])
  • control_cli.rb: Harmonize help message with bin/puma ([#3434])
  • dsl.rb: Clarify a callback's argument ([#3435])
  • lib/rack/handler/puma.rb - relocate and fixup module comment ([#3495])

6.4.3

• Security
  • Discards any headers using underscores if the non-underscore version also exists. Without this, an attacker could overwrite values set by intermediate proxies (e.g. X-Forwarded-For). (CVE-2024-45614/GHSA-9hf4-67fc-4vf4)

Does any of this look wrong? Please let us know.

Commits

See the full diff on Github. The new version differs by more commits than we can show here.

↗️ nio4r (indirect, 2.7.3 → 2.7.4) · Repo · Changelog

Commits

See the full diff on Github. The new version differs by 4 commits:

• Bump patch version.
• Mark as ractor-safe (#320)
• Update CI matrix. (#321)
• JRuby supports Java 8 and higher. Need to emit Java 8 classfile format (#317)

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