Most blockchain systems collapse under the weight of historical data, validator centralization, and ever‑growing storage requirements.
N‑COIN takes a different path: it eliminates the entire concept of a historical ledger.
Using the Seven‑Party Unanimous Protocol (SUP), N‑COIN updates only the latest state — no blocks, no chain, no accumulated history.
This stateless architecture enables smartphone‑level operation while maintaining strong adversarial resilience.
N‑COIN combines:
- Device‑rooted UID keys
- VRF‑based mediator selection
- MuSig2 aggregated signatures
- Trust‑score incentives
- Stateless verification with temporary hash retention
Together, these components form a lightweight, fraud‑resistant digital currency model that remains stable even under hostile network conditions.
- Stateless architecture — only the latest state is stored
- Seven‑Party Unanimous Protocol (SUP) — all 7 signatures required
- VRF‑based mediator selection — unpredictable and fair
- Trust‑score mechanism — honest behavior is always rewarded
- MuSig2 aggregation — reduces 7 signatures to 1
- Double‑spend prevention without historical data — via transaction locks
- Lightweight — suitable for mobile devices
- Resilient — stable even under 60–80% malicious nodes (simulation result)
All research papers are available in the docs/ directory.
- N‑COIN: Stateless Consensus Currency (English/Japanese)
Formal definition of UID, SUP, trust‑score model, security assumptions, and stateless design.
- N‑COIN Report II: Simulation & Resilience Evaluation (English/Japanese)
1,000,000‑round practical simulation under realistic and adversarial conditions.
These documents together provide both the theoretical foundation and empirical validation of the N‑COIN protocol.
/docs
- N_COIN_Stateless_Consensus_Currency(English).pdf
- N_COIN_Stateless_Consensus_Currency(Japanese).pdf
- N_COIN_Report2_Simulation(English).pdf
- N_COIN_Report2_Simulation(Japanese).pdf
N‑COIN’s SUP model draws inspiration from Akira Kurosawa’s Seven Samurai:
seven independent participants protecting the integrity of a village—not through authority, but through mutual verification and personal honesty.
In N‑COIN, the “seven samurai” are the seven participants who must unanimously validate each transaction, forming a decentralized foundation of trust.
You may choose any license you prefer.
If undecided, the MIT License is a common choice for open research projects.