Japanese interest peak analysis

Which month does the world care most about Japan and the Japanese language, and does Japan's own outward curiosity run on the same clock? This repo answers that from Wikipedia pageviews - 19 pages, 10.6 years, 179M views - and ships the whole pipeline so the numbers can be re-derived from scratch.

Source	Wikimedia Pageviews REST API (all-access, agent=user)
Coverage	2016-01 to 2026-07, 2,420 page-months (a truncated 2026-08 bucket sits in the raw file, unused)
Pages	19 across en.wikipedia and ja.wikipedia
Total views	179,194,249
Excluded	2020, 2021 (COVID-distorted)
Generated	scripts/make_readme.py on 2026-08-10

The finding

Interest is bimodal, and the two peaks are different behaviours about two months apart.

1. Learning and curiosity peak in January-February. Every one of the five language/script pages peaks in Jan or Feb and bottoms out in December. Nothing happens in Japan in January to explain this - it is the New Year resolution effect plus the northern-hemisphere term start, i.e. a property of the audience, not of the subject. The effect is modest but extremely consistent: about +/-10%, 17-21 index points peak-to-trough on all five pages independently.

2. Travel and experience peak in March-April, driven almost entirely by sakura. Cherry_blossom is the strongest genuine seasonal signal in the whole dataset. There is a real secondary autumn bump in October-November - note that Tourism_in_Japan actually peaks in November, not in spring.

3. The in/out asymmetry is the clearest result. Inbound and outbound both peak in winter, but the outbound (ja.wikipedia) composite is far spikier at the top and collapses much harder in December: Japanese users research going abroad in the New Year planning window, then stop dead over the new-year holidays. Meanwhile Golden Week - the largest single spike in the entire dataset for the domestic audience - is nearly invisible to the outside world: the en.wikipedia Golden_Week article averages a couple of hundred views a month, statistical noise. Japan's own calendar drives Japanese behaviour; the outside world's calendar drives interest in Japan. The two never synchronise.

If you need one month: January. It is the top month for all three composites. But it is the top month for reading about Japan - April is when people actually go.

Composite seasonal index

100 = the group's own average month. Median across group members.

Group	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Peak	Trough	Amp
A. Japanese language / script	108.6	108.2	104.6	104.3	100.6	94.7	95.5	95.9	97.9	101.1	98.3	89.9	Jan	Dec	18.7
B. Japan as a destination	107.2	101.2	105.2	103.4	99.2	94.5	95.0	98.3	97.2	100.9	99.8	94.5	Jan	Dec	12.7
C. Japan looking out	115.1	107.2	96.8	100.5	102.5	100.1	102.9	97.1	96.6	99.6	94.5	86.3	Jan	Dec	28.8

• A ranked high to low: Jan Feb Mar Apr Oct May Nov Sep Aug Jul Jun Dec
• B ranked high to low: Jan Mar Apr Feb Oct Nov May Aug Sep Jul Jun Dec
• C ranked high to low: Jan Feb Jul May Apr Jun Oct Aug Mar Sep Nov Dec

Groups

Pages are grouped by what they actually proxy, decided before looking at the seasonality. Group D is deliberately quarantined: those four pages track calendar events and exam cycles, so folding them into an average would manufacture seasonality rather than measure it.

A. Japanese language / script

generic learner interest - median of 5 pages.

Page	Views	Yrs	Peak	Trough	Amp
Japanese_language	18,046,370	8	Feb 110.1	Jul 91.5	18.6
Hiragana	10,468,058	8	Jan 108.9	Dec 87.6	21.3
Katakana	8,468,780	8	Feb 108.8	Dec 89.4	19.4
Kanji	7,000,044	8	Jan 109.7	Dec 93.1	16.6
Japanese_writing_system	4,205,058	8	Jan 108.2	Dec 89.9	18.3

Jan  108.6 #####################              pages 105.7-109.7
Feb  108.2 #####################              pages 105.8-110.1
Mar  104.6 ##################                 pages 103.9-108.8
Apr  104.3 ##################                 pages 101.1-106.6
May  100.6 ################                   pages  99.3-103.4
Jun   94.7 ############                       pages  94.2- 95.9
Jul   95.5 #############                      pages  91.5- 99.4
Aug   95.9 #############                      pages  93.5- 98.1
Sep   97.9 ##############                     pages  95.2-101.3
Oct  101.1 ################                   pages  97.6-101.9
Nov   98.3 ##############                     pages  95.2-100.8
Dec   89.9 #########                          pages  87.6- 93.1

B. Japan as a destination

inbound interest / travel intent - median of 6 pages.

Page	Views	Yrs	Peak	Trough	Amp
Japan	63,886,811	8	Jan 108.4	Dec 91.5	16.9
Tokyo	23,518,742	8	Mar 109.0	Dec 92.7	16.4
Tourism_in_Japan	767,361	8	Nov 109.7	Jul 91.8	17.9
Visa_policy_of_Japan	940,655	8	Oct 110.5	Feb 91.6	18.8
Narita_International_Airport	3,953,561	8	Jan 111.7	Jun 94.2	17.5
Anime	20,389,994	7	Jan 112.2	Dec 92.3	19.9

Jan  107.2 ####################               pages  96.2-112.2
Feb  101.2 ################                   pages  91.6-110.1
Mar  105.2 ###################                pages  91.8-109.1
Apr  103.4 ##################                 pages  94.1-110.4
May   99.2 ###############                    pages  96.1-105.3
Jun   94.5 ############                       pages  92.4- 99.8
Jul   95.0 ############                       pages  91.8-101.8
Aug   98.3 ##############                     pages  92.3-106.4
Sep   97.2 ##############                     pages  93.4-109.8
Oct  100.9 ################                   pages  95.5-110.5
Nov   99.8 ###############                    pages  96.9-109.7
Dec   94.5 ############                       pages  91.5- 99.2

C. Japan looking out

outbound interest, ja.wikipedia audience - median of 4 pages.

Page	Views	Yrs	Peak	Trough	Amp
英語	6,205,112	8	Nov 105.8	Mar 93.5	12.3
TOEIC	96,394	8	Jan 111.8	Dec 87.8	24.0
留学	239,455	8	Jan 118.4	Dec 84.5	33.9
海外旅行	169,112	8	Jan 118.6	Dec 84.9	33.7

Jan  115.1 #########################          pages 101.3-118.6
Feb  107.2 ####################               pages 100.1-110.5
Mar   96.8 #############                      pages  93.5-102.3
Apr  100.5 ################                   pages  94.9-107.7
May  102.5 #################                  pages 102.5-103.9
Jun  100.1 ################                   pages  93.7-105.4
Jul  102.9 #################                  pages  96.2-105.4
Aug   97.1 ##############                     pages  93.8-100.9
Sep   96.6 #############                      pages  95.4- 98.6
Oct   99.6 ###############                    pages  99.2-102.0
Nov   94.5 ############                       pages  85.4-105.8
Dec   86.3 #######                            pages  84.5- 99.7

D. Event markers

Reported separately. Never folded into a composite.

Cherry_blossom - sakura season (7,847,227 views, 8 yrs, amplitude 166.9)

Jan   78.2 #######
Feb  100.3 #########
Mar  203.2 ######################
Apr  227.3 #########################
May  114.2 ###########
Jun   71.0 ######
Jul   64.5 #####
Aug   65.2 #####
Sep   72.7 ######
Oct   70.5 ######
Nov   72.5 ######
Dec   60.5 ####

ゴールデンウィーク - Golden Week, domestic audience (1,605,555 views, 8 yrs, amplitude 462.9)

Jan   42.1 ##
Feb   48.2 ###
Mar   77.2 ######
Apr  490.7 ##################################
May  333.5 ##################################
Jun   30.0 #
Jul   30.6 #
Aug   28.5 
Sep   31.0 #
Oct   27.8 
Nov   28.4 
Dec   32.0 #

Golden_Week - Golden Week, en.wikipedia audience (39,944 views, 8 yrs, amplitude 200.6)

Jan   67.2 #####
Feb   60.5 ####
Mar   64.5 #####
Apr  240.4 ###########################
May  246.2 ###########################
Jun   47.5 ###
Jul   46.6 ###
Aug   57.2 ####
Sep  130.8 #############
Oct  145.8 ###############
Nov   47.7 ###
Dec   45.6 ###

Japanese-Language_Proficiency_Test - JLPT exam cycle (1,346,016 views, 8 yrs, amplitude 36.1)

Jan  120.0 ############
Feb  103.1 ##########
Mar   98.0 #########
Apr   88.3 ########
May   83.9 #######
Jun   94.0 #########
Jul  100.8 #########
Aug  111.0 ###########
Sep   99.8 #########
Oct   89.0 ########
Nov  109.2 ##########
Dec  102.8 ##########

Every page, every month

Seasonal index per page. Bold = peak, italic = trough.

Grp	Page	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
A	Japanese_language	108.6	110.1	103.9	101.1	103.4	94.2	91.5	94.3	97.9	101.7	100.8	92.5
A	Hiragana	108.9	107.5	106.1	103.9	99.3	95.9	95.5	97.7	101.3	101.1	95.2	87.6
A	Katakana	105.7	108.8	108.8	104.3	100.2	94.6	95.0	95.9	99.3	101.9	96.1	89.4
A	Kanji	109.7	105.8	104.6	104.5	100.6	95.4	97.1	98.1	95.2	97.6	98.3	93.1
A	Japanese_writing_system	108.2	108.2	103.9	106.6	101.6	94.7	99.4	93.5	96.3	99.5	98.3	89.9
B	Japan	108.4	106.0	106.1	104.5	101.4	94.7	95.5	96.0	97.1	100.8	98.0	91.5
B	Tokyo	105.1	100.9	109.0	102.3	99.7	95.3	93.5	100.7	99.5	99.9	101.3	92.7
B	Tourism_in_Japan	106.0	96.7	103.9	104.6	105.3	94.3	91.8	92.3	95.8	103.7	109.7	96.2
B	Visa_policy_of_Japan	96.2	91.6	91.8	94.1	96.9	99.8	101.8	106.4	109.8	110.5	101.9	99.2
B	Narita_International_Airport	111.7	101.5	104.4	100.8	96.1	94.2	95.8	101.8	97.2	101.0	98.3	97.3
B	Anime	112.2	110.1	109.1	110.4	98.7	92.4	94.6	94.3	93.4	95.5	96.9	92.3
C	英語	101.3	104.5	93.5	94.9	102.5	101.0	102.3	99.9	95.4	99.3	105.8	99.7
C	TOEIC	111.8	109.9	98.8	107.7	102.5	93.7	103.6	93.8	97.0	99.9	93.4	87.8
C	留学	118.4	110.5	102.3	98.2	102.6	99.2	96.2	94.3	96.2	102.0	95.6	84.5
C	海外旅行	118.6	100.1	94.8	102.8	103.9	105.4	105.4	100.9	98.6	99.2	85.4	84.9
D	Cherry_blossom	78.2	100.3	203.2	227.3	114.2	71.0	64.5	65.2	72.7	70.5	72.5	60.5
D	ゴールデンウィーク	42.1	48.2	77.2	490.7	333.5	30.0	30.6	28.5	31.0	27.8	28.4	32.0
D	Golden_Week	67.2	60.5	64.5	240.4	246.2	47.5	46.6	57.2	130.8	145.8	47.7	45.6
D	Japanese-Language_Proficiency_Test	120.0	103.1	98.0	88.3	83.9	94.0	100.8	111.0	99.8	89.0	109.2	102.8

Per-page shape

Each page's own seasonal index, with the spread across the individual years behind each month.

A. Japanese language / script

Japanese_language  (en.wikipedia, 18,046,370 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  108.6 ########                   years  89.8-139.3
  Feb  110.1 ########                   years  93.8-127.6
  Mar  103.9 #######                    years  90.6-122.8
  Apr  101.1 #######                    years  87.1-127.4
  May  103.4 #######                    years  92.6-121.7
  Jun   94.2 #######                    years  83.4-114.2
  Jul   91.5 ######                     years  80.7- 97.5
  Aug   94.3 #######                    years  83.7-106.3
  Sep   97.9 #######                    years  81.0-113.2
  Oct  101.7 #######                    years  84.7-123.1
  Nov  100.8 #######                    years  86.4-123.9
  Dec   92.5 ######                     years  81.2-101.0
  peak Feb 110.1 / trough Jul 91.5 / amplitude 18.6

Hiragana  (en.wikipedia, 10,468,058 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  108.9 ########                   years  95.9-124.1
  Feb  107.5 ########                   years  96.5-128.0
  Mar  106.1 ########                   years  93.6-130.2
  Apr  103.9 #######                    years  93.9-125.2
  May   99.3 #######                    years  94.0-105.2
  Jun   95.9 #######                    years  86.8-109.0
  Jul   95.5 #######                    years  78.6-104.2
  Aug   97.7 #######                    years  82.0-106.5
  Sep  101.3 #######                    years  85.9-111.4
  Oct  101.1 #######                    years  87.8-109.3
  Nov   95.2 #######                    years  85.4-109.5
  Dec   87.6 ######                     years  76.3-102.9
  peak Jan 108.9 / trough Dec 87.6 / amplitude 21.3

Katakana  (en.wikipedia, 8,468,780 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  105.7 ########                   years  92.7-119.7
  Feb  108.8 ########                   years  96.4-135.2
  Mar  108.8 ########                   years  98.8-143.3
  Apr  104.3 #######                    years  94.2-115.8
  May  100.2 #######                    years  89.4-111.0
  Jun   94.6 #######                    years  84.8-104.7
  Jul   95.0 #######                    years  79.7-104.0
  Aug   95.9 #######                    years  81.1-107.3
  Sep   99.3 #######                    years  81.7-108.7
  Oct  101.9 #######                    years  84.4-114.1
  Nov   96.1 #######                    years  83.4-105.4
  Dec   89.4 ######                     years  79.6- 98.1
  peak Feb 108.8 / trough Dec 89.4 / amplitude 19.4

Kanji  (en.wikipedia, 7,000,044 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  109.7 ########                   years  98.3-120.4
  Feb  105.8 ########                   years  95.8-109.8
  Mar  104.6 ########                   years 100.0-110.9
  Apr  104.5 ########                   years  99.1-113.2
  May  100.6 #######                    years  94.4-108.6
  Jun   95.4 #######                    years  87.8- 99.2
  Jul   97.1 #######                    years  89.2-104.1
  Aug   98.1 #######                    years  91.4-102.7
  Sep   95.2 #######                    years  90.2-100.4
  Oct   97.6 #######                    years  89.7-104.2
  Nov   98.3 #######                    years  89.0-105.9
  Dec   93.1 ######                     years  82.9-102.9
  peak Jan 109.7 / trough Dec 93.1 / amplitude 16.6

Japanese_writing_system  (en.wikipedia, 4,205,058 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  108.2 ########                   years  95.1-121.4
  Feb  108.2 ########                   years  95.3-128.7
  Mar  103.9 #######                    years  96.2-108.4
  Apr  106.6 ########                   years  97.3-113.7
  May  101.6 #######                    years  95.4-109.3
  Jun   94.7 #######                    years  88.3-103.8
  Jul   99.4 #######                    years  87.7-128.9
  Aug   93.5 ######                     years  87.2- 99.7
  Sep   96.3 #######                    years  88.4-102.3
  Oct   99.5 #######                    years  94.5-104.5
  Nov   98.3 #######                    years  86.4-109.1
  Dec   89.9 ######                     years  77.0-101.5
  peak Jan 108.2 / trough Dec 89.9 / amplitude 18.3

B. Japan as a destination

Japan  (en.wikipedia, 63,886,811 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  108.4 ########                   years  93.3-142.3
  Feb  106.0 ########                   years  99.2-114.2
  Mar  106.1 ########                   years  96.5-116.3
  Apr  104.5 ########                   years  93.2-117.2
  May  101.4 #######                    years  94.7-112.0
  Jun   94.7 #######                    years  84.4-106.0
  Jul   95.5 #######                    years  82.4-109.0
  Aug   96.0 #######                    years  89.2-101.1
  Sep   97.1 #######                    years  87.0-104.4
  Oct  100.8 #######                    years  84.4-115.5
  Nov   98.0 #######                    years  86.1-110.7
  Dec   91.5 ######                     years  82.5- 99.0
  peak Jan 108.4 / trough Dec 91.5 / amplitude 16.9

Tokyo  (en.wikipedia, 23,518,742 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  105.1 ########                   years  96.4-126.8
  Feb  100.9 #######                    years  93.9-105.8
  Mar  109.0 ########                   years  93.8-160.8
  Apr  102.3 #######                    years  94.4-113.3
  May   99.7 #######                    years  94.0-104.5
  Jun   95.3 #######                    years  84.5-115.1
  Jul   93.5 ######                     years  86.7-102.2
  Aug  100.7 #######                    years  87.7-124.5
  Sep   99.5 #######                    years  88.4-114.9
  Oct   99.9 #######                    years  91.6-109.1
  Nov  101.3 #######                    years  91.3-116.8
  Dec   92.7 ######                     years  80.9-105.0
  peak Mar 109.0 / trough Dec 92.7 / amplitude 16.4

Tourism_in_Japan  (en.wikipedia, 767,361 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  106.0 ########                   years  84.5-132.7
  Feb   96.7 #######                    years  81.6-110.3
  Mar  103.9 #######                    years  99.0-113.7
  Apr  104.6 ########                   years  93.4-111.7
  May  105.3 ########                   years  93.8-113.1
  Jun   94.3 #######                    years  82.9-101.8
  Jul   91.8 ######                     years  83.7-101.3
  Aug   92.3 ######                     years  86.8-107.1
  Sep   95.8 #######                    years  91.3-104.5
  Oct  103.7 #######                    years  94.5-110.6
  Nov  109.7 ########                   years  96.4-120.9
  Dec   96.2 #######                    years  81.9-110.4
  peak Nov 109.7 / trough Jul 91.8 / amplitude 17.9

Visa_policy_of_Japan  (en.wikipedia, 940,655 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan   96.2 #######                    years  72.5-120.1
  Feb   91.6 ######                     years  65.2-104.9
  Mar   91.8 ######                     years  67.2-107.1
  Apr   94.1 #######                    years  79.4-106.1
  May   96.9 #######                    years  81.5-106.7
  Jun   99.8 #######                    years  95.6-106.2
  Jul  101.8 #######                    years  94.8-107.2
  Aug  106.4 ########                   years  96.1-122.3
  Sep  109.8 ########                   years  96.3-150.5
  Oct  110.5 ########                   years  92.1-144.3
  Nov  101.9 #######                    years  94.3-109.2
  Dec   99.2 #######                    years  85.8-116.0
  peak Oct 110.5 / trough Feb 91.6 / amplitude 18.8

Narita_International_Airport  (en.wikipedia, 3,953,561 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  111.7 ########                   years  79.0-171.9
  Feb  101.5 #######                    years  83.2-124.8
  Mar  104.4 ########                   years  84.6-122.7
  Apr  100.8 #######                    years  88.7-107.6
  May   96.1 #######                    years  87.1-105.6
  Jun   94.2 #######                    years  82.8-102.5
  Jul   95.8 #######                    years  84.6-104.0
  Aug  101.8 #######                    years  83.0-124.4
  Sep   97.2 #######                    years  82.0-109.9
  Oct  101.0 #######                    years  90.0-122.3
  Nov   98.3 #######                    years  87.3-126.1
  Dec   97.3 #######                    years  82.3-120.7
  peak Jan 111.7 / trough Jun 94.2 / amplitude 17.5

Anime  (en.wikipedia, 20,389,994 views, 7 complete years)
  Jan  112.2 ########                   years  92.8-129.6
  Feb  110.1 ########                   years  97.7-126.6
  Mar  109.1 ########                   years  98.9-129.5
  Apr  110.4 ########                   years  97.9-129.8
  May   98.7 #######                    years  93.7-107.4
  Jun   92.4 ######                     years  84.0-104.8
  Jul   94.6 #######                    years  82.7-108.8
  Aug   94.3 #######                    years  82.0-109.2
  Sep   93.4 ######                     years  79.3-102.0
  Oct   95.5 #######                    years  87.1-105.1
  Nov   96.9 #######                    years  86.0-109.6
  Dec   92.3 ######                     years  80.3-108.9
  peak Jan 112.2 / trough Dec 92.3 / amplitude 19.9

C. Japan looking out

英語  (ja.wikipedia, 6,205,112 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  101.3 #######                    years  90.3-109.0
  Feb  104.5 ########                   years  91.9-110.6
  Mar   93.5 ######                     years  85.4- 98.2
  Apr   94.9 #######                    years  86.4- 99.6
  May  102.5 #######                    years  91.9-111.6
  Jun  101.0 #######                    years  94.2-106.2
  Jul  102.3 #######                    years  98.6-108.0
  Aug   99.9 #######                    years  94.5-107.7
  Sep   95.4 #######                    years  80.7-105.7
  Oct   99.3 #######                    years  93.4-105.4
  Nov  105.8 ########                   years  92.6-147.8
  Dec   99.7 #######                    years  87.7-129.7
  peak Nov 105.8 / trough Mar 93.5 / amplitude 12.3

TOEIC  (ja.wikipedia, 96,394 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  111.8 ########                   years  88.6-152.2
  Feb  109.9 ########                   years 101.1-130.0
  Mar   98.8 #######                    years  89.4-110.1
  Apr  107.7 ########                   years  87.1-132.3
  May  102.5 #######                    years  84.6-136.1
  Jun   93.7 ######                     years  81.5-108.8
  Jul  103.6 #######                    years  82.3-118.5
  Aug   93.8 #######                    years  78.3-121.9
  Sep   97.0 #######                    years  76.6-126.8
  Oct   99.9 #######                    years  81.6-116.1
  Nov   93.4 ######                     years  78.5-113.8
  Dec   87.8 ######                     years  77.4-102.6
  peak Jan 111.8 / trough Dec 87.8 / amplitude 24.0

留学  (ja.wikipedia, 239,455 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  118.4 #########                  years  99.7-178.5
  Feb  110.5 ########                   years  88.7-123.1
  Mar  102.3 #######                    years  89.8-116.9
  Apr   98.2 #######                    years  91.3-117.2
  May  102.6 #######                    years  90.4-127.3
  Jun   99.2 #######                    years  87.8-105.0
  Jul   96.2 #######                    years  84.3-113.2
  Aug   94.3 #######                    years  83.0-105.8
  Sep   96.2 #######                    years  89.2-109.9
  Oct  102.0 #######                    years  90.7-134.2
  Nov   95.6 #######                    years  77.2-110.9
  Dec   84.5 ######                     years  70.0-110.5
  peak Jan 118.4 / trough Dec 84.5 / amplitude 33.9

海外旅行  (ja.wikipedia, 169,112 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  118.6 #########                  years  90.8-147.1
  Feb  100.1 #######                    years  90.1-106.2
  Mar   94.8 #######                    years  81.3-121.2
  Apr  102.8 #######                    years  71.5-140.7
  May  103.9 #######                    years  91.3-131.6
  Jun  105.4 ########                   years  88.8-124.5
  Jul  105.4 ########                   years  86.3-120.3
  Aug  100.9 #######                    years  89.9-120.2
  Sep   98.6 #######                    years  86.8-117.8
  Oct   99.2 #######                    years  89.0-110.0
  Nov   85.4 ######                     years  74.8- 95.4
  Dec   84.9 ######                     years  75.5-103.8
  peak Jan 118.6 / trough Dec 84.9 / amplitude 33.7

D. Event markers

Cherry_blossom  (en.wikipedia, 7,847,227 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan   78.2 #####                      years  63.3- 96.5
  Feb  100.3 #######                    years  87.4-120.1
  Mar  203.2 #################          years 161.2-334.5
  Apr  227.3 ###################        years 192.0-270.9
  May  114.2 ########                   years  96.9-135.6
  Jun   71.0 ####                       years  56.1- 80.1
  Jul   64.5 ####                       years  51.0- 75.9
  Aug   65.2 ####                       years  50.8- 78.9
  Sep   72.7 #####                      years  55.0- 86.1
  Oct   70.5 ####                       years  52.4- 83.0
  Nov   72.5 ####                       years  58.3- 93.2
  Dec   60.5 ###                        years  45.5- 78.8
  peak Apr 227.3 / trough Dec 60.5 / amplitude 166.9

ゴールデンウィーク  (ja.wikipedia, 1,605,555 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan   42.1 ##                         years  34.7- 58.1
  Feb   48.2 ##                         years  40.8- 67.9
  Mar   77.2 #####                      years  57.8-100.3
  Apr  490.7 ########################## years 394.2-558.5
  May  333.5 ########################## years 249.9-457.5
  Jun   30.0                            years  24.9- 35.2
  Jul   30.6 #                          years  24.3- 34.6
  Aug   28.5                            years  25.2- 33.7
  Sep   31.0 #                          years  23.6- 39.0
  Oct   27.8                            years  19.7- 33.3
  Nov   28.4                            years  21.6- 35.3
  Dec   32.0 #                          years  23.7- 41.2
  peak Apr 490.7 / trough Oct 27.8 / amplitude 462.9

Golden_Week  (en.wikipedia, 39,944 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan   67.2 ####                       years  46.6- 88.2
  Feb   60.5 ###                        years  35.3- 86.6
  Mar   64.5 ####                       years  49.9- 75.9
  Apr  240.4 ####################       years 190.1-322.1
  May  246.2 #####################      years 174.2-330.8
  Jun   47.5 ##                         years  33.2-100.6
  Jul   46.6 ##                         years  32.3- 59.8
  Aug   57.2 ###                        years  42.4- 72.5
  Sep  130.8 ##########                 years  94.3-153.2
  Oct  145.8 ###########                years 102.8-193.8
  Nov   47.7 ##                         years  30.0- 67.2
  Dec   45.6 ##                         years  33.4- 57.0
  peak May 246.2 / trough Dec 45.6 / amplitude 200.6

Japanese-Language_Proficiency_Test  (en.wikipedia, 1,346,016 views, 8 complete years)
  Jan  120.0 #########                  years  93.9-143.2
  Feb  103.1 #######                    years  85.4-128.6
  Mar   98.0 #######                    years  86.4-116.6
  Apr   88.3 ######                     years  82.5- 96.4
  May   83.9 ######                     years  72.2- 90.7
  Jun   94.0 #######                    years  86.2-103.7
  Jul  100.8 #######                    years  93.6-114.0
  Aug  111.0 ########                   years 103.2-122.3
  Sep   99.8 #######                    years  86.3-108.4
  Oct   89.0 ######                     years  78.4- 97.8
  Nov  109.2 ########                   years  82.0-125.7
  Dec  102.8 #######                    years  86.2-134.6
  peak Jan 120.0 / trough May 83.9 / amplitude 36.1

Per-year indices

The individual years each index above averages over. This is the raw evidence for whether a peak is a stable annual pattern or one loud year. Excluded years are absent by construction.

Page	Year	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Japanese_language	2016	90	94	93	96	97	95	96	94	107	123	115	98
	2017	105	110	105	101	122	100	92	92	86	100	100	87
	2018	116	120	102	98	96	91	90	106	101	96	90	93
	2019	103	115	105	101	93	94	98	93	98	100	103	98
	2022	101	95	91	94	94	83	91	101	113	113	124	101
	2023	94	108	104	87	116	114	97	92	101	96	96	95
	2024	139	128	123	127	102	84	81	84	81	85	86	81
	2025	121	111	109	105	108	91	88	92	96	100	91	86
Hiragana	2016	97	100	99	99	97	94	92	97	109	102	110	103
	2017	103	100	94	94	95	109	104	96	97	107	103	98
	2018	110	106	106	102	102	93	99	102	101	98	92	88
	2019	111	106	102	104	96	94	100	100	108	99	92	87
	2022	111	108	108	104	94	91	93	101	103	102	100	84
	2023	96	96	102	95	102	106	102	106	111	109	92	83
	2024	124	128	130	125	105	87	79	82	86	88	85	81
	2025	119	115	109	108	103	93	94	97	95	103	87	76
Katakana	2016	100	103	99	101	99	96	94	97	108	103	103	97
	2017	102	104	102	102	99	101	100	95	94	101	102	98
	2018	100	99	100	100	103	99	102	101	101	104	98	92
	2019	109	106	104	107	100	97	99	98	104	102	92	84
	2022	106	111	112	109	89	86	89	92	102	106	105	93
	2023	93	96	99	94	101	105	104	107	109	114	96	82
	2024	120	135	143	116	100	85	80	81	82	84	83	91
	2025	115	116	111	106	111	90	92	96	96	100	87	80
Kanji	2016	107	104	105	103	99	95	92	96	100	96	102	103
	2017	105	105	101	103	98	99	99	99	95	100	98	98
	2018	115	110	106	108	105	99	102	100	90	90	89	86
	2019	111	108	106	108	102	94	97	96	95	97	96	90
	2022	107	107	100	100	94	94	97	101	96	100	106	98
	2023	98	96	104	99	99	99	104	103	99	97	100	101
	2024	115	109	111	113	109	95	96	91	92	97	89	83
	2025	120	108	104	102	98	88	89	98	95	104	106	86
Japanese_writing_system	2016	99	97	96	97	97	98	112	100	100	104	103	96
	2017	108	106	108	103	99	104	92	87	92	95	109	97
	2018	101	107	102	114	109	99	96	98	99	94	92	89
	2019	112	107	104	108	105	92	96	94	98	102	97	85
	2022	117	115	102	106	95	89	90	95	97	98	102	94
	2023	95	95	105	111	99	95	92	93	102	104	106	102
	2024	112	108	106	113	103	92	129	88	88	95	86	77
	2025	121	129	106	101	105	88	88	93	94	103	92	80
Japan	2016	101	101	100	109	104	94	94	101	95	98	105	97
	2017	107	114	109	104	102	94	92	94	102	102	98	82
	2018	93	99	99	96	95	105	106	99	104	104	103	97
	2019	111	103	100	106	102	94	90	89	99	114	96	94
	2022	101	106	96	93	95	89	109	101	102	98	111	99
	2023	103	109	116	109	112	106	103	97	89	84	86	84
	2024	142	108	114	117	100	84	82	95	87	90	90	88
	2025	108	106	113	102	101	92	88	91	98	116	95	89
Tokyo	2016	101	102	100	105	102	90	88	124	98	95	102	94
	2017	102	106	108	106	104	96	94	95	99	100	98	90
	2018	96	99	100	103	101	96	102	98	101	101	108	92
	2019	100	94	94	94	94	115	91	102	115	109	100	92
	2022	103	102	94	95	95	87	93	99	100	109	117	105
	2023	100	100	106	98	103	103	101	105	100	99	91	94
	2024	127	106	108	113	103	90	92	94	88	92	93	94
	2025	112	99	161	103	96	84	87	88	94	93	102	81
Tourism_in_Japan	2016	110	110	114	106	101	95	84	87	94	94	109	94
	2017	99	102	103	101	105	97	94	107	92	101	109	90
	2018	109	101	109	111	111	92	96	88	95	102	96	89
	2019	105	95	100	107	112	102	101	90	94	107	104	82
	2022	102	96	101	99	109	83	84	88	104	111	115	110
	2023	84	82	102	107	97	94	96	100	101	106	119	110
	2024	105	86	104	112	113	101	94	88	93	102	103	99
	2025	133	101	99	93	94	91	85	91	91	107	121	94
Visa_policy_of_Japan	2016	99	92	98	106	100	102	100	104	103	101	100	94
	2017	94	101	107	98	93	100	95	100	103	101	108	101
	2018	106	89	82	79	82	97	105	103	107	127	107	116
	2019	88	81	84	90	107	96	104	122	114	124	96	94
	2022	72	65	67	80	98	106	103	109	150	144	102	102
	2023	92	105	97	102	100	96	107	116	99	99	94	92
	2024	98	96	92	104	97	97	103	96	106	92	109	109
	2025	120	103	107	94	99	104	97	101	96	95	98	86
Narita_International_Airport	2016	109	104	123	100	98	93	95	105	96	94	89	94
	2017	115	125	108	107	95	97	94	98	89	90	93	88
	2018	107	99	101	102	102	97	98	99	103	100	98	95
	2019	96	98	97	96	90	90	93	124	110	110	101	95
	2022	79	83	85	89	87	90	102	107	109	122	126	121
	2023	92	93	105	102	106	101	104	104	97	94	99	102
	2024	172	103	114	102	87	83	85	83	82	101	87	102
	2025	125	107	103	108	104	102	95	94	92	96	92	82
Anime	2016	103	101	100	107	103	105	109	97	94	92	96	94
	2017	113	113	114	118	107	96	96	96	91	89	86	80
	2018	93	98	99	100	99	94	100	109	102	98	100	109
	2019	115	115	105	98	94	92	98	94	95	101	100	93
	2022	114	106	103	107	98	88	89	90	98	105	110	92
	2024	130	127	130	130	94	84	83	82	79	87	91	85
	2025	118	112	113	114	96	87	88	92	95	96	97	93
英語	2016	104	108	95	100	103	105	99	100	95	97	100	94
	2017	102	107	93	93	112	105	105	106	81	98	103	97
	2018	90	92	85	92	101	100	101	96	92	93	148	109
	2019	93	101	91	86	92	94	108	108	88	105	104	130
	2022	99	105	98	94	96	105	104	94	103	103	104	94
	2023	106	109	93	98	108	106	102	100	100	94	93	92
	2024	106	111	94	99	104	98	100	96	98	101	98	93
	2025	109	105	98	98	104	95	99	99	106	103	97	88
TOEIC	2016	95	101	96	128	115	92	109	78	118	92	90	85
	2017	89	112	89	132	90	85	110	91	115	114	87	85
	2018	106	102	92	98	90	82	114	122	127	95	93	80
	2019	111	104	97	93	95	93	118	86	88	116	98	101
	2022	116	107	106	131	136	109	82	100	77	82	78	77
	2023	152	130	104	97	85	88	92	80	80	91	98	103
	2024	100	112	95	95	91	100	104	113	84	103	114	89
	2025	125	111	110	87	119	103	99	81	88	106	89	82
留学	2016	122	122	117	117	103	104	97	88	90	92	77	70
	2017	106	122	101	98	93	103	113	106	92	91	97	77
	2018	100	89	90	91	100	105	96	99	110	105	104	110
	2019	102	92	93	91	93	105	101	102	94	134	103	90
	2022	178	119	112	97	90	88	84	86	91	92	89	72
	2023	107	114	99	100	108	97	103	99	99	93	99	83
	2024	102	104	91	93	106	99	88	91	104	111	111	100
	2025	129	123	116	97	127	93	86	83	89	98	85	72
海外旅行	2016	138	106	84	86	91	104	102	100	118	98	89	84
	2017	111	90	99	96	100	100	120	120	91	98	90	84
	2018	99	101	81	72	132	89	104	116	108	108	88	104
	2019	147	98	86	84	99	104	120	97	95	92	95	82
	2022	132	97	86	119	96	116	90	101	89	110	75	89
	2023	91	106	91	141	108	124	120	92	87	89	75	76
	2024	100	101	110	107	101	112	101	90	98	109	86	85
	2025	131	102	121	118	103	94	86	91	103	89	85	76
Cherry_blossom	2016	76	105	200	203	121	76	63	67	77	75	72	64
	2017	77	104	172	248	115	73	64	65	73	73	77	59
	2018	78	98	165	222	136	77	72	69	78	78	67	61
	2019	81	97	187	271	113	68	62	63	68	67	66	56
	2022	73	93	161	206	116	69	72	79	84	83	93	71
	2023	63	98	184	192	111	80	76	74	86	75	82	79
	2024	96	120	220	251	104	69	56	54	61	60	58	48
	2025	80	87	334	226	97	56	51	51	55	52	64	46
ゴールデンウィーク	2016	38	50	92	507	342	28	28	25	26	20	22	24
	2017	36	45	76	394	458	25	34	25	24	22	26	35
	2018	36	44	89	543	266	34	31	28	28	33	31	37
	2019	58	68	100	478	250	35	35	34	32	33	35	41
	2022	42	45	73	496	342	30	26	27	39	27	28	28
	2023	37	44	58	457	403	32	32	28	31	25	24	28
	2024	55	49	70	493	299	30	34	34	38	31	34	33
	2025	35	41	60	558	308	27	24	27	30	32	28	30
Golden_Week	2016	67	76	71	214	210	41	46	64	146	146	67	52
	2017	47	44	68	242	331	33	32	47	120	158	37	41
	2018	88	75	72	205	174	48	60	68	153	157	56	42
	2019	75	87	76	322	195	44	53	48	119	103	39	40
	2022	67	51	63	206	233	43	53	42	146	194	57	45
	2023	61	35	50	190	271	101	40	59	135	151	50	57
	2024	61	62	59	321	241	36	36	56	134	129	30	33
	2025	72	54	56	222	314	35	53	72	94	128	45	54
Japanese-Language_Proficiency_Test	2016	121	102	95	94	88	104	100	112	105	88	93	99
	2017	109	101	96	85	89	98	99	106	108	95	115	98
	2018	107	90	86	82	82	98	94	111	108	98	126	118
	2019	123	115	90	83	72	86	114	112	101	92	114	97
	2022	129	106	100	96	79	89	94	108	92	84	125	98
	2023	94	85	89	83	86	91	100	122	100	93	121	135
	2024	134	97	110	86	85	94	111	114	97	83	99	92
	2025	143	129	117	96	91	93	96	103	86	78	82	86

Annual totals

Raw views per calendar year, before any normalisation. - = no data published for that year.

Page	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025	2026
Japanese_language	1,715,454	1,686,355	1,413,553	1,294,353	1,515,669	1,664,749	2,200,681	2,647,812	1,931,758	1,344,444	631,542
Hiragana	867,975	1,026,440	1,112,321	1,055,717	1,256,529	1,237,286	916,061	996,121	925,337	748,212	326,059
Katakana	720,223	777,831	875,561	866,206	950,861	966,993	733,352	863,900	723,452	672,852	317,549
Kanji	657,180	756,868	720,072	636,468	686,428	691,391	629,193	704,058	698,660	557,487	262,239
Japanese_writing_system	402,728	398,593	458,771	430,396	515,436	477,789	327,561	368,617	389,879	299,085	136,203
Japan	5,831,097	5,677,917	5,705,228	5,429,180	5,356,416	6,747,215	7,898,985	7,413,009	6,183,068	5,105,457	2,539,239
Tokyo	2,073,745	2,038,113	2,140,582	2,151,210	1,985,476	2,600,951	2,305,516	2,682,340	2,460,185	2,121,182	959,442
Tourism_in_Japan	78,615	86,847	84,623	86,697	61,774	49,824	43,265	62,746	85,953	86,089	40,928
Visa_policy_of_Japan	75,104	93,590	113,622	179,877	90,553	40,251	52,795	75,124	87,137	88,267	44,335
Narita_International_Airport	410,743	405,319	398,735	457,981	279,604	225,156	297,096	441,380	468,730	379,894	188,923
Anime	1,971,862	1,822,326	1,788,983	1,689,096	2,325,018	2,636,963	2,590,490	-	2,648,969	1,930,712	985,575
英語	536,724	551,348	614,441	641,484	670,390	716,600	613,925	571,455	553,918	494,919	239,908
TOEIC	9,913	11,503	10,035	9,504	11,394	10,201	9,682	7,600	7,707	5,954	2,901
留学	34,338	27,895	25,104	28,539	27,867	25,213	19,268	15,539	15,264	13,743	6,685
海外旅行	25,199	23,278	24,133	23,062	18,144	14,705	10,636	9,993	8,169	8,321	3,472
Cherry_blossom	748,595	803,015	777,689	711,069	628,059	655,375	594,526	885,832	1,008,073	725,493	309,501
ゴールデンウィーク	192,358	189,685	186,736	156,007	193,723	140,921	109,459	110,400	103,636	123,718	98,912
Golden_Week	3,123	6,220	4,489	3,543	3,121	2,676	2,309	3,666	4,342	3,471	2,984
Japanese-Language_Proficiency_Test	100,519	104,859	121,220	148,671	142,766	139,236	115,921	140,177	168,298	118,532	45,817

Correlation with each composite

Pearson r between a page's 12-month profile and each group composite. High r against its own group means the page really belongs there; the event pages should and do stand apart.

Page	Grp	vs A	vs B	vs C
Japanese_language	A	+0.93	+0.82	+0.63
Hiragana	A	+0.96	+0.84	+0.75
Katakana	A	+0.96	+0.85	+0.61
Kanji	A	+0.94	+0.90	+0.75
Japanese_writing_system	A	+0.96	+0.81	+0.78
Japan	B	+0.99	+0.93	+0.70
Tokyo	B	+0.78	+0.91	+0.36
Tourism_in_Japan	B	+0.52	+0.69	+0.17
Visa_policy_of_Japan	B	-0.51	-0.45	-0.31
Narita_International_Airport	B	+0.72	+0.87	+0.55
Anime	B	+0.91	+0.88	+0.61
英語	C	-0.06	-0.25	+0.24
TOEIC	C	+0.86	+0.65	+0.89
留学	C	+0.88	+0.73	+0.93
海外旅行	C	+0.48	+0.35	+0.88
Cherry_blossom	D	+0.50	+0.57	+0.05
ゴールデンウィーク	D	+0.28	+0.28	+0.10
Golden_Week	D	+0.27	+0.23	+0.11
Japanese-Language_Proficiency_Test	D	+0.09	+0.20	+0.21

Mean daily views by month

Absolute scale behind the indices: mean views/day per calendar month, complete years only. The indices above are these numbers normalised against each page's own annual mean.

Page	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Japanese_language	5,241	5,330	5,051	4,890	5,080	4,636	4,465	4,583	4,794	4,954	4,942	4,523
Hiragana	2,845	2,806	2,771	2,712	2,599	2,517	2,511	2,563	2,658	2,647	2,494	2,300
Katakana	2,246	2,308	2,308	2,220	2,138	2,028	2,038	2,055	2,127	2,181	2,053	1,906
Kanji	2,007	1,940	1,920	1,920	1,848	1,755	1,787	1,800	1,745	1,787	1,797	1,711
Japanese_writing_system	1,133	1,131	1,093	1,126	1,072	1,002	1,052	986	1,015	1,046	1,034	948
Japan	18,231	17,898	17,880	17,589	17,104	15,970	16,241	16,252	16,333	16,823	16,547	15,436
Tokyo	6,480	6,209	6,689	6,290	6,139	5,868	5,767	6,192	6,111	6,140	6,214	5,711
Tourism_in_Japan	225	204	219	221	222	200	194	194	200	217	229	199
Visa_policy_of_Japan	253	239	240	245	255	259	267	283	284	291	266	260
Narita_International_Airport	1,265	1,137	1,172	1,127	1,072	1,049	1,064	1,134	1,079	1,120	1,085	1,079
Anime	6,402	6,259	6,211	6,300	5,564	5,185	5,293	5,273	5,245	5,395	5,491	5,191
英語	1,580	1,634	1,463	1,483	1,601	1,583	1,607	1,565	1,492	1,556	1,668	1,574
TOEIC	27	27	24	27	25	23	26	23	24	25	23	22
留学	72	68	63	61	62	62	60	59	59	63	58	52
海外旅行	55	45	41	43	47	47	49	47	46	45	40	39
Cherry_blossom	1,687	2,171	4,364	4,885	2,439	1,527	1,379	1,385	1,551	1,500	1,536	1,290
ゴールデンウィーク	166	195	320	1,963	1,343	120	124	113	120	110	113	130
Golden_Week	7	6	7	26	27	5	5	6	14	15	5	5
Japanese-Language_Proficiency_Test	419	358	342	306	291	326	354	388	347	310	381	359

Peak month by year

The highest-index month in each individual year. A column that repeats the same month is a stable seasonal pattern; a scattered row is a page with no real season.

Page	2016	2017	2018	2019	2022	2023	2024	2025
Japanese_language	Oct	May	Feb	Feb	Nov	May	Jan	Jan
Hiragana	Nov	Jun	Jan	Jan	Jan	Sep	Mar	Jan
Katakana	Sep	Feb	Oct	Jan	Mar	Oct	Mar	Feb
Kanji	Jan	Feb	Jan	Jan	Jan	Mar	Jan	Jan
Japanese_writing_system	Jul	Nov	Apr	Jan	Jan	Apr	Jul	Feb
Japan	Apr	Feb	Jul	Oct	Nov	Mar	Jan	Oct
Tokyo	Aug	Mar	Nov	Jun	Nov	Mar	Jan	Mar
Tourism_in_Japan	Mar	Nov	Apr	May	Nov	Nov	May	Jan
Visa_policy_of_Japan	Apr	Nov	Oct	Oct	Sep	Aug	Nov	Jan
Narita_International_Airport	Mar	Feb	Jan	Aug	Nov	May	Jan	Jan
Anime	Jul	Apr	Aug	Jan	Jan	-	Apr	Jan
英語	Feb	May	Nov	Dec	Jun	Feb	Feb	Jan
TOEIC	Apr	Apr	Sep	Jul	May	Jan	Nov	Jan
留学	Jan	Feb	Dec	Oct	Jan	Feb	Oct	Jan
海外旅行	Jan	Aug	May	Jan	Jan	Apr	Jun	Jan
Cherry_blossom	Apr	Apr	Apr	Apr	Apr	Apr	Apr	Mar
ゴールデンウィーク	Apr	May	Apr	Apr	Apr	Apr	Apr	Apr
Golden_Week	Apr	May	Apr	Apr	May	May	Apr	May
Japanese-Language_Proficiency_Test	Jan	Nov	Nov	Jan	Jan	Dec	Jan	Jan

Method

Raw monthly counts cannot be compared directly: February is short, and every page has its own popularity trend. So each page is reduced to a seasonal index:

1. views -> views/day, removing the 28-vs-31 day artefact.
2. Each month is divided by its own calendar year's mean, removing the long-run trend and the page's absolute popularity.
3. Those ratios are averaged per calendar month across years.

100 = that page's own average month. 110 means 10% above its own baseline. Only complete calendar years are used. 2020-2021 are dropped as COVID-distorted.

Composites are the median across the pages in a group, not the mean, so one small page with a huge amplitude cannot swamp the group. Event-driven pages (group D) are reported on their own and never enter any composite - their job is to date the underlying real-world events, not to measure ambient interest.

Caveats

• en.wikipedia skews Anglophone and northern-hemisphere. The January peak partly reflects who is reading, not a global constant. A southern-hemisphere or non-English replication would be the obvious next cut.
• Pageviews measure curiosity, not behaviour. Nobody boards a plane because they read Narita_International_Airport. The Jan -> Apr gap is consistent with a research-then-travel lag; this data cannot establish that link.
• JLPT is excluded from the composites on purpose. Its Jan/Aug/Nov peaks track result releases and registration windows. Left in, it would read as ambient seasonality when it is really an administrative calendar.
• Group C is thin. Those ja.wikipedia pages are small (0.1-6.2M), so the outbound composite rests on a narrower base than the inbound one.
• Two pages sit badly in their assigned group, and the correlation table says so rather than hiding it. Visa_policy_of_Japan correlates negatively with its own group B composite: it peaks in autumn and troughs in February, the opposite shape to the rest. 英語 barely correlates with anything. Both are outvoted by the median, which is exactly why the composites use one, but a stricter version of this study would drop them.
• Anime has no 2017-2018 data (title move); it contributes 7 complete years instead of 8. Golden_Week (en) is too small to be worth much at all and is kept only as a contrast to the domestic article.
• 2020-2021 are excluded, not modelled. The pandemic did not merely scale travel interest down, it changed its shape; averaging it in would blur exactly the seasonal structure being measured.

Reproducing this

python3 scripts/fetch.py        # -> data/pv_raw.json   (hits the Wikimedia API)
python3 scripts/analyze.py      # -> data/seasonality.json + text report
python3 scripts/make_readme.py  # -> README.md (this file)

data/pv_raw.json is committed, so analyze.py and make_readme.py reproduce every number below with no network access. Only fetch.py needs the API. No dependencies beyond the Python 3 standard library.

Two Wikimedia API traps are handled in fetch.py, both found the hard way during this analysis:

• The monthly endpoint truncates the final bucket at the end timestamp. An end of YYYY120100 silently returns a December containing a single day, which looks exactly like a real 97% collapse in December traffic. End on YYYY123100.
• Some articles 404 on a long range but succeed year-by-year where title moves left gaps, so the fetcher falls back to per-year requests.

Layout

scripts/fetch.py        fetch monthly pageviews from the Wikimedia API
scripts/analyze.py      build seasonal indices and composites
scripts/make_readme.py  render this README from the results
data/pv_raw.json        2,420 page-months, as fetched
data/seasonality.json   computed indices, composites and metadata
LICENSE                 CC BY 4.0

Disclaimer

This is an independent hobby analysis with no affiliation to the Wikimedia Foundation, and it is not endorsed by it.

It measures Wikipedia pageviews and nothing else. Pageviews are a proxy for curiosity, heavily shaped by who happens to read Wikipedia, and they are not a measure of tourism, migration, language enrolment, or economic activity. The inbound/outbound framing is an interpretation of reading patterns, not a measurement of anyone crossing a border. Figures are relative indices against each page's own baseline, not absolute demand. Do not use any of this for commercial, policy, or travel-industry decisions without independent data.

Underlying pageview counts are published by the Wikimedia Foundation under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 public domain dedication, retrieved from the Wikimedia REST API. "Wikipedia" and "Wikimedia" are trademarks of the Wikimedia Foundation. Provided as is, without warranty of any kind.

License

CC BY 4.0. Attribution appreciated: link back to this repo.