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lcc.net MSIL backend #28

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9 changes: 9 additions & 0 deletions README.lcc.NET
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This hierarchy augments an lcc version 4.2 distribution with a MSIL
back end, which makes it possible to ANSI/ISO C program under .NET.

For installation details, see doc/lcc.NET.htm.

David Hanson / [email protected]
$Revision: 2.6 $ $Date: 2001/05/01 22:01:31 $

Copyright 2002, Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
226 changes: 226 additions & 0 deletions doc/lcc.NET.htm
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<html>

<head>
<title>lcc 4.2 w/MSIL</title>
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage 5.0">
</head>

<body>

<h1>lcc.NET</h1>

<p ALIGN="LEFT"><strong> <a HREF="http://www.research.microsoft.com/~drh/">David R. Hanson</a>, <a
HREF="http://www.research.microsoft.com/">Microsoft Research</a></strong><br>
August 2002</p>

<h2>Contents</h2>

<dir>
<li><a HREF="#intro">Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="#installation">Installation</a></li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/software/lcc/pkg/doc/install.html#bugs">Reporting Bugs</a></li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/software/lcc/pkg/doc/install.html#mailinglist">Keeping in Touch</a></li>
</dir>

<h2><a NAME="intro">Introduction</a></h2>

<p>This distribution includes the source files and installation instructions for
an lcc version 4.2 back end that emits MSIL. When lcc is built with this back
end, ANSI/ISO C programs
can be run under the .NET Framework (build 3705). Unloading this distribution on
top of an lcc 4.2 distribution adds the following files.</p>

<table BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="682">
<tr>
<td width="269"><code>makefile.NET</code></td>
<td width="35">&nbsp;</td>
<td width="368">makefile</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="269"><code>doc\lcc.NET.htm</code></td>
<td width="35">&nbsp;</td>
<td width="368">This file</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="269"><code>src\msil.c</code>, <code>src\bind2.c</code></td>
<td width="35"></td>
<td width="368">MSIL back end, back-end bindings</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="269"><code>illink\*.cs</code></td>
<td width="35">&nbsp;</td>
<td width="368">MSIL linker, written in C#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="269"><code>etc\msil.c</code>, <code>etc\cp.c</code></td>
<td width="35"></td>
<td width="368">MSIL specific driver, accessories</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="269"><code>include\msil\win32\*.h</code></td>
<td width="35">&nbsp;</td>
<td width="368">MSIL include files</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="269"><code>lib\echo.c</code>, <code>lib\thunks.c</code></td>
<td width="35"></td>
<td width="368">Runtime library source code</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="269"><code>x86\msil\tst\*bk</code></td>
<td width="35"></td>
<td width="368">MSIL test outputs</td>
</tr>
</table>

<h2><a name="installation">Installation</a></h2>

<p>Installing lcc.NET involves augmenting an existing lcc 4.2 distribution,
rebuilding the lcc components, and moving them to an appropriate directory. To
build and install lcc.NET, you need:<ul>
<li>The lcc 4.2 distribution, which can retrieved from
<a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/software/lcc">
http://www.cs.princeton.edu/software/lcc</a>;</li>
<li>Visual C/C++ version 6.0 or above;</li>
<li>The .NET Framework SDK (build 3705);</li>
<li>The MSIL assembler, <code>ilasm</code>, somewhere on your PATH.</li>
</ul>

<p>Before starting, review the
<a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/software/lcc/pkg/doc/install.html#win32">Installation on Windows</a> section of
<a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/software/lcc/pkg/doc/install.html">Installing lcc</a> in the lcc 4.2 distribution. Building lcc.NET involves the following steps.
Below, the build directory is referred to as <code>BUILDDIR</code>, and the distribution
is in <code>\dist\lcc</code>.

<ol>
<li>The build directory should already be created as a side-effect of
installing lcc 4.2; record
the name of this directory in the <code>BUILDDIR</code> environment variable:<blockquote>
<pre>C:\dist\lcc&gt;set BUILDDIR=\progra~1\lcc\<i>version</i>\bin</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>The default build directory is <code>\Program Files\lcc\</code><i>version</i><code>\bin</code>,
where <i>version</i> is the version number, e.g., 4.2, but the <code>nmake</code> commands require that you use the corresponding 8.3 file name, <code>progra~1</code>,
instead of <code>Program Files</code>.</p>
</li>
<li><code>etc\msil.c</code> is the MSIL-specific part of
the lcc driver. It assumes that environment variable <code>include</code>
gives the locations of the VC header files and that the MSIL assembler (<code>ilasm.exe</code>)
is on the PATH. It also assumes that the macro <code>LCCDIR</code> gives the build
directory. If necessary, revise a copy of <code>etc\msil.c</code>
to reflect the conventions on your computer (see <em>
<a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/software/lcc/pkg/doc/install.html#driver">Building the Driver</a></em>),
then build the driver, specifying the default temporary directory, if necessary:<blockquote>
<pre>C:\dist\lcc&gt;nmake -f makefile.NET lcc
...
cl -nologo -DWIN32 -Zi -MLd -Fd%BUILDDIR%\ -c -Fo%BUILDDIR%\lcc.obj etc/lcc.c
lcc.c
cl -nologo -DWIN32 -Zi -MLd -Fd%BUILDDIR%\ -c -Fo%BUILDDIR%\host.obj etc/msil.c
msil.c
cl -nologo -Zi -MLd -Fd%BUILDDIR%\ -Fe%BUILDDIR%\lcc.exe %BUILDDIR%\lcc.obj %BUILDDIR%\host.obj</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>Of course, your value for <code>BUILDDIR</code> will appear in place of <code>BUILDDIR</code>
the output lines above. If you make a copy of <code>etc\msil.c</code>, specify the path of the copy as the
value of <code>HOSTFILE</code>. For example, if you copy <code>etc\msil.c</code> to <code>BUILDDIR</code>
and edit it, use the command</p>
<blockquote>
<pre>C:\dist\lcc&gt;nmake -f makefile.NET HOSTFILE=%BUILDDIR%\msil.c lcc</pre>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li>Rebuild the preprocessor, compiler proper, library, and other accessories (see <em>
<a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/software/lcc/pkg/doc/install.html#rcc">Building the Compiler</a></em>):<blockquote>
<pre>C:\dist\lcc&gt;nmake -f makefile.NET all</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This command uses the VC command-line tools <code>cl</code> and <code>lib</code> to
build <code>bprint.exe</code>, <code>cp.exe</code>, <code>cpp.exe</code>, <code>lburg.exe</code>,
<code>illink.exe</code>, <code>liblcc.dll</code>,
<code>librcc.lib</code>, and <code>rcc.exe</code>, all in <code>BUILDDIR</code>. There may
be some warnings, but there should be no warnings.</p>
</li>
<li>Copy <code>%BUILDDIR%\liblcc.dll</code> to your Windows <code>system32</code>
directory, e.g.:<blockquote>
<pre>C:\dist\lcc&gt;copy %BUILDDIR%\liblcc.dll %windir%\system32</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>You must also have <code>msvcrt.dll</code> in your Windows <code>system32</code>
directory, which should already be there as a result of installing the .NET
Framework SDK.</p>
</li>
<li>Run a simple test:<blockquote>
<pre>C:\dist\lcc&gt;set LCCDIR=%BUILDDIR%
C:\dist\lcc&gt;<code>%BUILDDIR%\lcc -o 8q.exe tst\8q.c
...<br>C:\dist\lcc&gt;8q
1 5 8 6 3 7 2 4
1 6 8 3 7 4 2 5
1 7 4 6 8 2 5 3
...<br> 8 2 5 3 1 7 4 6<br> 8 3 1 6 2 5 7 4
8 4 1 3 6 2 7 5</code></pre>
</blockquote>
<p>There should be 92 lines of output.</p>
</li>
<li>Create a test directory and run the test suite:<blockquote>
<pre>C:\dist\lcc&gt;mkdir %BUILDDIR%\msil\win32\tst
C:\dist\lcc&gt;nmake -f makefile.NET test</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>This command compiles each program in tst, compares the generated
assembly code and diagnostics with the expected assembly code and diagnostics, executes
the program, and compares the output with the expected output (using <code>fc</code>). For
example, when the nmake command compiles <code>
<a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/software/lcc/pkg/tst/8q.c">tst\8q.c</a></code>,
it leaves the generated assembly code and diagnostic output in <code>%BUILDDIR%\x86\msil\tst\8q.s</code>
and <code>%BUILDDIR%\x86\msil\tst\8q.2</code>, and it compares them with the expected
results in <code>x86\msil\tst\8q.sbk</code>. It builds the executable program in <code>%BUILDDIR%\x86\msil\tst\8q.exe</code>,
runs it, and redirects the output to <code>%BUILDDIR%\x86\msil\tst\8q.1</code>, which it
compares with <code>x86\msil\tst\8q.1bk</code>. The output from this step is voluminous,
but there should be no differences and no errors.</p>
</li>
<li>Install the driver, support programs, and include files: Copy <code>lcc.exe</code> to a directory on your PATH,
and copy the support programs into <code>\Program Files\lcc.NET</code>, e.g.,<blockquote>
<pre>C:\dist\lcc&gt;copy %BUILDDIR%\lcc.exe \bin
1 file(s) copied.
C:\dist\lcc&gt;mkdir &quot;\Program Files\lcc.NET&quot;
C:\dist\lcc&gt;xcopy %BUILDDIR%\*.exe &quot;\Program Files\lcc.NET&quot;
%BUILDDIR%\bprint.exe
%BUILDDIR%\cp.exe
%BUILDDIR%\cpp.exe
%BUILDDIR%\illink.exe
%BUILDDIR%\lburg.exe
%BUILDDIR%\lcc.exe
%BUILDDIR%\rcc.exe
7 File(s) copied</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>If you want&nbsp; to install the support programs in a different location,
you need to change the definition of <code>LCCDIR</code> in <code>etc\msil.c</code>
and rebuild <code>lcc.exe</code>; note that you must use the 8.3 file name
in <code>etc\msil.c</code>. Copy the MSIL-specific header files into <code>
%LCCDIR%\include</code>,
e.g.,<blockquote><pre>C:\dist\lcc&gt;mkdir &quot;\Program Files\lcc.NET&quot;<br>C:\dist\lcc&gt;xcopy include\msil\win32\*.h&nbsp;&quot;\Program Files\lcc.NET\include&quot;<br>
include\msil\win32\assert.h<br>
...<br>15 File(s) copied</pre></blockquote></li>
<li>Finally, clean up:<blockquote>
<pre>C:\dist\lcc&gt;nmake -f makefile.NET clean</pre>
</blockquote>
</li>
</ol>

<p>For details on running lcc, consult the lcc &quot;<a href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/software/lcc/pkg/doc/lcc.pdf">man page</a>&quot;.</p>

<p>lcc compiles only ANSI/ISO Standard C; it does not support any of the Microsoft C language
extensions. For more information about lcc, see <a
href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/software/lcc/">http://www.cs.princeton.edu/software/lcc/</a>.</p>

<hr>

<address>
<a href="http://www.research.microsoft.com/~drh/">David R. Hanson</a> / <a
href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a><br>
<font size="2">$Revision: 7 $ $Date: 2002/10/01 13:10:12 $<br>
�
Microsoft Corporation. All Rights Reserved.</font></address>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
</body>
</html>
29 changes: 29 additions & 0 deletions etc/cp.c
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/* cp src dst
* copy src to dst
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

static char rcsid[] = "$Id: cp.c#1 2002/08/30 10:20:51 REDMOND\\drh $";

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
if (argc != 3)
fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s src dst\n", argv[0]);
else {
FILE *in = fopen(argv[1], "r"), *out = fopen(argv[2], "w");
if (in == NULL)
fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't read '%s'\n", argv[0], argv[1]);
else if (out == NULL)
fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't write '%s'\n", argv[0], argv[2]);
else {
static char buf[4096];
size_t n;
while ((n = fread(buf, 1, sizeof buf, in)) > 0)
fwrite(buf, 1, n, out);
fclose(in);
fclose(out);
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
}
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
55 changes: 55 additions & 0 deletions etc/msil.c
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/* Copyright Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. */

/* x86s running Microsoft.NET CLR */

#include <string.h>

static char rcsid[] = "$Id: msil.c#14 2002/12/11 11:15:24 REDMOND\\drh $";

#ifndef LCCDIR
#define LCCDIR "c:\\PROGRA~1\\lcc.NET\\"
#endif

char *suffixes[] = { ".c;.C", ".i;.I", ".s;.S", ".il;.IL", ".exe", 0 };
char inputs[256] = "";
char *cpp[] = { LCCDIR "cpp", "-D__STDC__=1", "-Dwin32", "-D_WIN32", "-D_MSIL_",
"$1", "$2", "$3", 0 };
char *include[] = { "-I\"" LCCDIR "include\"", 0 };
char *com[] = { LCCDIR "rcc", "-target=msil/win32", "$1", "$2", "$3", 0 };
char *as[] = { LCCDIR "cp", "$2", "$3", 0 };
char *ld[] = { LCCDIR "illink",
/* 1 */ "", "", "", "-a",
/* 5 */"$3", "$1", "$2", "-l", "liblcc.dll", "-l", "msvcrt.dll", 0 };

extern char *concat(char *, char *);
extern char *replace(const char *, int, int);

int option(char *arg) {
if (strncmp(arg, "-lccdir=", 8) == 0) {
arg = replace(arg + 8, '/', '\\');
if (arg[strlen(arg)-1] == '\\')
arg[strlen(arg)-1] = '\0';
cpp[0] = concat(arg, "\\cpp");
include[0] = concat("-I\"", concat(arg, "\\include\""));
com[0] = concat(arg, "\\rcc");
as[0] = concat(arg, "\\cp");
ld[0] = concat(arg, "\\illink");
} else if (strcmp(arg, "-b") == 0)
;
else if (strcmp(arg, "-g") == 0)
ld[3] = "-debug";
#define xx(a) else if (strncmp(arg, "-" #a "=", sizeof (#a)+1) == 0) \
a[0] = &arg[sizeof (#a)+1]
xx(cpp);
xx(com);
xx(as);
#undef xx
else if (strncmp(arg, "-a=", 3) == 0)
ld[5] = &arg[3];
else if (strncmp(arg, "-assembly=", 10) == 0) {
ld[1] = "-o";
ld[2] = &arg[10];
} else
return 0;
return 1;
}
26 changes: 26 additions & 0 deletions illink/ilasm.cs
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// Copyright Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
// $Id: ilasm.cs#3 2002/08/30 10:25:17 REDMOND\\drh $

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics;

class ILasm {
public static void Run(ArrayList args, bool verbose, TextWriter w) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
if (args.Count > 0)
sb.Append(args[0]);
for (int i = 1; i < args.Count; i++)
sb.AppendFormat(" {0}", args[i]);
Process p = new Process();
p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
p.StartInfo.FileName = "ilasm";
p.StartInfo.Arguments = sb.ToString();
if (verbose)
w.WriteLine("{0} {1}", p.StartInfo.FileName, p.StartInfo.Arguments);
p.Start();
p.WaitForExit();
}
}
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