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Make choice work for alternatives without parameters #4815

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@danakj danakj commented Jan 16, 2025

This adds support for choice types at a similar level to that of a C
enum, where each alternative has a name but no additional
data/parameters attached to it. We generate a TODO diagnostic if
parameters are specified.

Because there's no extra data, the storage is a simple unsigned integer
discriminant of the smallest possible size.

A choice without any alternatives is not constructible. A choice with a
single alternative is, and has an empty tuple in place of a discriminant
since it has only one state. The empty tuple is used to make the class
non-constructible. This can be improved.

Each alternative is turned into a let binding on the choice that is a
value of the choice with that alternative set as the active one in the
discriminant. This isn't possible to write in user code with a class
right now, since the let binding has the same type as the choice
(which is a class) it is within. It's possible to generate it in semir
however by adding the binding after the class is marked complete.

@github-actions github-actions bot requested a review from geoffromer January 16, 2025 20:14
@danakj danakj force-pushed the check-choice branch 3 times, most recently from 1c84b65 to 32a9976 Compare January 20, 2025 16:20
@danakj danakj changed the title Skeletal support for choice types in the toolchain check phase Make choice work for alternatives without parameters Jan 20, 2025
danakj added 12 commits January 21, 2025 12:17
This adds support for choice types at a similar level to that of a C
enum, where each alternative has a name but no additional
data/parameters attached to it. We generate a TODO diagnostic if
parameters are specified.

Because there's no extra data, the storage is a simple unsigned integer
discriminant of the smallest possible size.

A choice without any alternatives is not constructible. A choice with a
single alternative is, and has an empty tuple in place of a discriminant
since it has only one state. The empty tuple is used to make the class
non-constructible. This can be improved.

Each alternative is turned into a let binding on the choice that is a
value of the choice with that alternative set as the active one in the
discriminant. This isn't possible to write in user code with a class
right now, since the let binding has the same type as the choice
(which is a class) it is within. It's possible to generate it in semir
however by adding the binding after the class is marked complete.
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