Superposition and Entanglement with Qiskit

This repository contains a Jupyter Notebook demonstrating quantum superposition and entanglement using Qiskit, a Python framework for quantum computing. The notebook provides hands-on examples to help students understand fundamental quantum computing concepts.

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📁 Repository Contents

• Qiskit_Superposition_Entanglement.ipynb – Main notebook demonstrating:
  1. Superposition of a single qubit.
  2. Entanglement (Bell state) of two qubits.

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💻 About the Notebook

The notebook is divided into three main parts:

1. Installation

Installs the required packages:

!pip install qiskit
!pip install qiskit-aer

2. Imports

Imports the necessary modules from Qiskit and visualization tools:

from qiskit import QuantumCircuit, Aer, execute
from qiskit.visualization import plot_histogram, plot_bloch_multivector
from qiskit.quantum_info import Statevector
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

3. Superposition Example

• Creates a single qubit circuit.
• Applies a Hadamard (H) gate to place the qubit in superposition.
• Measures the qubit and plots the histogram of outcomes.
• Visualizes the state on the Bloch sphere.

4. Entanglement Example

• Creates a 2-qubit circuit.
• Applies H to the first qubit, then CNOT to entangle both qubits.
• Measures both qubits and plots the histogram.
• Shows the statevector of the entangled qubits.

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🎓 Student Tasks

After exploring the notebook, students can try these small tasks:

Task 1: Superposition

• Create a single qubit circuit.
• Apply a Hadamard gate.
• Measure and plot the histogram.
• Observe equal probabilities for 0 and 1.

Task 2: Entanglement

• Create a 2-qubit circuit.
• Apply H to qubit 0, then CNOT (0→1).
• Measure and plot the histogram.
• Observe correlated outcomes (00 or 11).

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📊 Visualizations

The notebook includes visualizations for:

• Bloch sphere – Shows the qubit state for superposition.
• Histogram – Shows measurement probabilities for superposition and entangled states.

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📝 How to Run

1. Clone the repository:

git clone <repository-url>

2. Open the notebook Qiskit_Superposition_Entanglement.ipynb in Jupyter Notebook, JupyterLab, or VS Code.
3. Run the cells step by step to explore superposition, entanglement, and perform student tasks.

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• Qiskit Documentation
• Quantum Computing Basics