abort the whole table transaction if any updates in the transaction h…

…as failed (#1246)

* abort the whole transaction if any update on the chain has failed

* Update tests/integration/test_writes/test_writes.py

Co-authored-by: Kevin Liu <[email protected]>

* Update tests/integration/test_writes/test_writes.py

Co-authored-by: Kevin Liu <[email protected]>

* add type:ignore to prevent lint error

---------

Co-authored-by: Yingjian Wu <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Kevin Liu <[email protected]>

pyiceberg/table/__init__.py

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from functools import cached_property
 from itertools import chain
+from types import TracebackType
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
     Any,
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@
     Optional,
     Set,
     Tuple,
+    Type,
     TypeVar,
     Union,
 )
@@ -237,9 +239,12 @@ def __enter__(self) -> Transaction:
         """Start a transaction to update the table."""
         return self
 
-    def __exit__(self, _: Any, value: Any, traceback: Any) -> None:
-        """Close and commit the transaction."""
-        self.commit_transaction()
+    def __exit__(
+        self, exctype: Optional[Type[BaseException]], excinst: Optional[BaseException], exctb: Optional[TracebackType]
+    ) -> None:
+        """Close and commit the transaction if no exceptions have been raised."""
+        if exctype is None and excinst is None and exctb is None:
+            self.commit_transaction()
 
     def _apply(self, updates: Tuple[TableUpdate, ...], requirements: Tuple[TableRequirement, ...] = ()) -> Transaction:
         """Check if the requirements are met, and applies the updates to the metadata."""

tests/integration/test_writes/test_writes.py

@@ -1448,3 +1448,27 @@ def test_rewrite_manifest_after_partition_evolution(session_catalog: Catalog) ->
             EqualTo("category", "A"),
         ),
     )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.integration
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("format_version", [1, 2])
+def test_abort_table_transaction_on_exception(
+    spark: SparkSession, session_catalog: Catalog, arrow_table_with_null: pa.Table, format_version: int
+) -> None:
+    identifier = "default.table_test_abort_table_transaction_on_exception"
+    tbl = _create_table(session_catalog, identifier, properties={"format-version": format_version})
+
+    # Pre-populate some data
+    tbl.append(arrow_table_with_null)
+    table_size = len(arrow_table_with_null)
+    assert len(tbl.scan().to_pandas()) == table_size
+
+    # try to commit a transaction that raises exception at the middle
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        with tbl.transaction() as txn:
+            txn.append(arrow_table_with_null)
+            raise ValueError
+            txn.append(arrow_table_with_null)  # type: ignore
+
+    # Validate the transaction is aborted and no partial update is applied
+    assert len(tbl.scan().to_pandas()) == table_size  # type: ignore