AdaDetectGPT

This repository contains the implementation of Adaptive Detection of LLM-Generated Text with Statistical Guarantees, presented at NeurIPS 2025. Our method provides adaptive detection of LLM-generated text with statistical guarantees. We build upon and extend code from Fast-DetectGPT.

📋 Overview

Workflow of AdaDetectGPT. Built upon Fast-DetectGPT (Bao et al., 2024), our method adaptively learn a witness function $\hat{w}$ from training data by maximizing a lower bound on the TNR, while using normal approximation for FNR control.

🛠️ Installation

Requirements

• Python 3.10.8
• PyTorch 2.7.0
• CUDA-compatible GPU (experiments conducted on H20-NVLink with 96GB memory)

Setup

bash setup.sh

Note: While our experiments used high-memory GPUs, typical usage of AdaDetectGPT requires significantly less memory.

💻 Usage

With Training Data (Recommended)

For optimal performance, we recommend using training data. The training dataset should be a .json file named xxx.raw_data.json with the following structure:

{
  "original": ["human-text-1", "human-text-2", "..."],
  "sampled": ["machine-text-1", "machine-text-2", "..."]
}

Run detection with training data:

python scripts/local_infer_ada.py \
  --text "Your text to be detected" \
  --train_dataset "train-data-file-name"  ## for multiple training datasets, separate them with `&`

A quick example is:

python scripts/local_infer_ada.py \
  --text "Your text to be detected" \
  --train_dataset "./exp_gpt3to4/data/essay_claude-3-5-haiku&./exp_gpt3to4/data/xsum_claude-3-5-haiku"

Without Training Data

AdaDetectGPT can also use pretrained parameters (trained on texts from GPT-4o, Gemini-2.5, and Claude-3.5):

python scripts/local_infer_ada.py --text "Your text to be detected"

🔬 Reproducibility

We provide generated text samples from GPT-3.5-Turbo, GPT-4, GPT-4o, Gemini-2.5, and Claude-3.5 in exp_gpt3to4/data/ for convenient reproduction. Data from GPT-3.5-Turbo and GPT-4 are sourced from Fast-DetectGPT.

Experiment Scripts

White-box Experiments

• ./exp_whitebox.sh - Table 1: Evaluation on 5 base LLMs
  • GPT-2 (1.5B), GPT-Neo (2.7B), OPT-2.7B, GPT-J (6B), GPT-NeoX (20B)
• ./exp_whitebox_advanced.sh - Advanced open-source LLMs
  • Qwen-2.5 (7B), Mistral (7B), Llama3 (8B)

Black-box Experiments

• ./exp_blackbox.sh - Table 2: GPT-4 and GPT-3.5-Turbo evaluation
• ./exp_blackbox_advanced.sh - Advanced closed-source LLMs
  • Gemini-2.5-Flash, GPT-4o, Claude-3.5-Haiku
• ./exp_blackbox_simple.sh - Table S2: Five open-source LLMs

Analysis Experiments

• ./exp_sample.sh - Training data size effects (Figure S2)
• ./exp_tuning.sh - Hyperparameter robustness (Figure S3)
• ./exp_dist_shift.sh - Distribution shift analysis (Figure S4)
• ./exp_attack.sh - Adversarial attack evaluation
• ./exp_compute.sh - Computational cost analysis
• ./exp_variance.sh - Equal variance condition verification
• ./exp_normal.sh - Data for Figure 3 and Figure S1

🎁 Additional Resources

The scripts/ directory contains implementations of various LLM detection methods from the literature. These implementations are modified from their official versions or the repo of FastDetectGPT to provide:

• Consistent input/output formats
• Simplified method comparison

The provided methods are summarized below.

Method	Script File	Paper/Website
AdaDetectGPT	detect_gpt_ada.py	arXiv:2510.01268
Binoculars	detect_binoculars.py	arXiv:2401.12070
BiScope	detect_biscope.py	NeurIPS 2024
DetectGPT	detect_gpt.py	arXiv:2301.11305
DetectLLM	detect_llm.py	arXiv:2306.05540
DNA-GPT	detect_gpt_dna.py	arXiv:2305.17359
Fast-DetectGPT	detect_gpt_fast.py	arXiv:2310.05130
GLTR	detect_gltr.py	arXiv:1906.04043
ImBD	detect_ImBD.py	arXiv:2412.10432
GPTZero	detect_gptzero.py	GPTZero.me
RADAR	detect_radar.py	arXiv:2307.03838
RoBERTa OpenAI Detector	detect_roberta.py	arXiv:1908.09203
Text Fluoroscopy	detect_fluoroscopy.py	EMNLP 2024

We hope these resources facilitate your research and applications in LLM-generated text detection!

📖 Citation

If you find this work useful, please consider citing our paper:

@inproceedings{zhou2025adadetect,
  title={AdaDetectGPT: Adaptive Detection of LLM-Generated Text with Statistical Guarantees},
  author={Hongyi Zhou and Jin Zhu and Pingfan Su and Kai Ye and Ying Yang and Shakeel A O B Gavioli-Akilagun and Chengchun Shi},
  booktitle={The Thirty-Ninth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems},
  year={2025}
}

📧 Contact

For any questions/suggestions/bugs, feel free to open an issue in the repository.