fix for issue found by OSS Fuzz

[pjfanning]

Relates to wrandelshofer/FastDoubleParser#21 and #809

There is a fuller fix scheduled in wrandelshofer/FastDoubleParser#22 - which can be copied here. This existing PR may still be worth using as a partial fix.

[wrandelshofer]

Please note that this pull request does not fix the problem in all affected classes. You need to do the same changes also in class com.fasterxml.jackson.core.io.doubleparser.AbstractFloatingPointBitsFromCharArray.

Please look at the classes in the https://github.com/wrandelshofer/FastDoubleParser repository. The main branch, from revision 69cdb361224b10ffdd009bd7aadc8c8a0dacf841 onwards, contains code that fixes this problem, and runs optimal on Java 17.

[pjfanning]

Thanks @wrandelshofer - I have copied over your latest code into this PR. Thanks for the really fast turnaround.

[cowtowncoder]

I was unable to create a reproduction from oss-fuzz test case (input is... weird). But this makes sense anyway so will merge and we'll see if the issue gets resolved.

[cowtowncoder]

Was able to merge 2.14 -> master; was bit messy due to package renaming but I think I got it right; all tests passing.

[cowtowncoder]

Good news: oss-fuzz issue seems resolved!