Revamp crypto/aes

* Reorganize crypto/aes in order to separate parameters, implementations and
modes.
* Add a zero-cost abstraction over the internal representation of a block,
so that blocks can be kept in vector registers in optimized implementations.
* Add architecture-independent aesenc/aesdec/aesenclast/aesdeclast operations,
so that any AES-based primitive can be implemented, including these that don't
use the original key schedule (AES-PRF, AEGIS, MeowHash...)
* Add support for parallelization/wide blocks to take advantage of hardware
implementations.
* Align T-tables to cache lines in the software implementations to slightly
reduce side channels.
* Add an optimized implementation for modern Intel CPUs with AES-NI.
* Add new tests (AES256 key expansion).
* Reimplement the counter mode to work with any block cipher, any endianness
and to take advantage of wide blocks.
* Add benchmarks for AES.

Author: jedisct1

lib/std/crypto.zig

@@ -59,6 +59,13 @@ pub const pwhash = struct {
 pub const core = struct {
     pub const aes = @import("crypto/aes.zig");
     pub const Gimli = @import("crypto/gimli.zig").State;
+
+    /// Modes are generic compositions to construct encryption/decryption functions from block ciphers and permutations.
+    ///
+    /// These modes are designed to be building blocks for higher-level constructions, and should generally not be used directly by applications, as they may not provide the expected properties and security guarantees.
+    ///
+    /// Most applications may want to use AEADs instead.
+    pub const modes = @import("crypto/modes.zig");
 };
 
 /// Elliptic-curve arithmetic.
@@ -111,6 +118,7 @@ test "crypto" {
     _ = @import("crypto/gimli.zig");
     _ = @import("crypto/hmac.zig");
     _ = @import("crypto/md5.zig");
+    _ = @import("crypto/modes.zig");
     _ = @import("crypto/pbkdf2.zig");
     _ = @import("crypto/poly1305.zig");
     _ = @import("crypto/sha1.zig");