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Multiple Vulcand instances listening to the same prefix would detect changes simultaneously and reload configuration. + +Status +~~~~~~ + +Status endpoint is handy when you need to integrate Vulcand with another load balancer that can poll Vulcand to route the traffic based on the healthcheck response. + +Check status +++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + GET /v2/status + +Returns: ``200 OK`` + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Status": "ok" + } + + +Log severity +~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Log severity endpoint allows to change the logging severity for a running instance + +Get severity +++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + GET /v2/log/severity + +Returns: ``200 OK`` + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Severity": "WARN" + } + +Set severity +++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + PUT 'multipart/form-data' /v1/log/severity + +.. container:: ptable + + ================= ========================================================== + Parameter Description + ================= ========================================================== + severity Severity - ``WARN``, ``INFO`` or ``ERROR`` + ================= ========================================================== + +Returns: ``200 OK`` + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Message": "Severity has been updated to INFO" + } + + +Host +~~~~ + +Get hosts ++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + GET /v2/hosts + +Example response: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Hosts":[ + { + "Name":"localhost", + "Settings":{ + "KeyPair":null, + "Default":false + } + } + ] + } + + +Upsert host +++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + POST 'application/json' /v2/hosts + +Add a host to the proxy. + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Host": { + "Name": "localhost", // hostname + "Settings": { // settings are optional + "KeyPair": {"Cert": "base64", Key: "base64"}, // base64 encoded key-pair certficate + "Default": false , // default host for SNI + } + } +} + + +Example responses: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Name": "localhost", + "Settings": { + "KeyPair": null, + "Default": false + } + } + + +Delete host +++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + DELETE /v2/hosts/ + +Delete a host. + + +Listener +~~~~~~~~ + +Upsert listener ++++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + POST 'application/json' /v2/listeners + +Upsert listener + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Listener": { + "Id": "l1", + "Protocol": "https", // http or https + "Address": + { + "Network":"tcp", // unix or tcp + "Address":"localhost:8184" + } + } + } + +Example response: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Id": "12", + "Protocol": "https", + "Address": + { + "Network":"tcp", + "Address":"localhost:8184" + } + } + + +Delete listener +++++++++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + DELETE /v2/listeners/ + +Delete a listener + + +Backend +~~~~~~~~ + +Get backends ++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + GET /v2/backends + +Retrieve the existing upstreams. Example response: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Backends": [ + { + "Id": "b1", + "Type": "http", + "Settings": { + "Timeouts": { + "Read": "", + "Dial": "", + "TLSHandshake": "" + }, + "KeepAlive": { + "Period": "", + "MaxIdleConnsPerHost": 0 + } + } + } + ] + } + + +Upsert backend +++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + POST 'application/json' /v2/backends + + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Backend": { + "Id": "b1", + "Type": "http", + "Settings": { + "Timeouts": { + "Read": "5s", + "Dial": "5s", + "TLSHandshake": "10s" + }, + "KeepAlive": { + "Period": "30s", + "MaxIdleConnsPerHost": 12 + } + } + } + } + +Example response: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Id": "b1", + "Type": "http", + "Settings": { + "Timeouts": { + "Read": "5s", + "Dial": "5s", + "TLSHandshake": "10s" + }, + "KeepAlive": { + "Period": "30s", + "MaxIdleConnsPerHost": 12 + } + } + } + + +Delete backend ++++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + DELETE /v2/backends/ + + +Server +~~~~~~ + +Get servers ++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + GET /v2/backends//servers + +Retrieve the servers of the backend. Example response: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Servers": [ + { + "Id": "srv1", + "URL": "http://localhost:5000" + }, + { + "Id": "srv2", + "URL": "http://localhost:5003" + } + ] + } + +Get server +++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + GET /v2/backends//servers/ + +Retrieve the particular server with id ``server-id`` + +Upsert endpoint ++++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + POST /v1/upstreams//endpoints + +Upsert server to the backend + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Server": { + "Id": "srv1", + "URL": "http://localhost:5000" + } + } + + +Example response: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Id": "e4", + "Url": "http://localhost:5004", + "Stats": null + } + + +Delete server +++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + DELETE /v2/backends//servers/ + +Delete a server. + + +Frontend +~~~~~~~~ + +Get frontends ++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + GET /v2/frontends + +Retrieve the frontends. Example response: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Frontends": [ + { + "Id": "f1", + "Route": "Path(`/`)", + "Type": "http", + "BackendId": "b1", + "Settings": { + "Limits": { + "MaxMemBodyBytes": 0, + "MaxBodyBytes": 0 + }, + "FailoverPredicate": "", + "Hostname": "", + "TrustForwardHeader": false + } + } + ] + } + + +Get frontend +++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + GET /v2/frontends/ + +Retrieve the particular frontend with id ``frontend-id`` + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Id": "f1", + "Route": "Path(`/`)", + "Type": "http", + "BackendId": "b1", + "Settings": { + "Limits": { + "MaxMemBodyBytes": 0, + "MaxBodyBytes": 0 + }, + "FailoverPredicate": "", + "Hostname": "", + "TrustForwardHeader": false + } + } + + +Upsert frontend ++++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + POST 'application/json' /v1/hosts//frontends + +Add a frontend to the host. Params: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Frontend": { + "Id": "f1", + "Route": "Path(`\/`)", + "Type": "http", + "BackendId": "b1", + "Settings": { + "Limits": { + "MaxMemBodyBytes": 0, + "MaxBodyBytes": 0 + }, + "FailoverPredicate": "", + "Hostname": "", + "TrustForwardHeader": false + } + } + } + + +Example response: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Id": "f1", + "Route": "Path(`/`)", + "Type": "http", + "BackendId": "b1", + "Settings": { + "Limits": { + "MaxMemBodyBytes": 0, + "MaxBodyBytes": 0 + }, + "FailoverPredicate": "", + "Hostname": "", + "TrustForwardHeader": false + } + } + + +Delete frontend +++++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + DELETE /v2/frontends/ + +Delete a frontend. + + +Rate limit +~~~~~~~~~~ + +Get rate limit ++++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + GET /v2/frontends//middlewares/ + +Retrieve the particular rate of frontend with id ``frontend-id`` and rate id ``rate-id`` +Example response: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Id": "rl1", + "Priority": 0, + "Type": "ratelimit", + "Middleware": { + "PeriodSeconds": 1, + "Burst": 3, + "Variable": "client.ip", + "Requests": 1 + } + } + + +Upsert rate limit ++++++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + POST 'application/json' /v2/frontends/middlewares + +Add a rate limit to the frontend, will take effect immediately. + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Middleware": { + "Id": "rl1", + "Priority": 0, + "Type": "ratelimit", + "Middleware": { + "PeriodSeconds": 1, + "Burst": 3, + "Variable": "client.ip", + "Requests": 1 + } + } + } + +Json parameters explained: + +.. container:: ptable + + ================= ========================================================== + Parameter Description + ================= ========================================================== + Id Optional rate id, will be generated if omitted + Requests Required amount of allowed requests + PeriodSeconds Required period in seconds for counting the requests + Burst Required allowed burst of the requests (additional requests exceeding the rate) + Variable Variable for rate limiting e.g. `client.ip` or `request.header.My-Header` + ================= ========================================================== + + +Delete a rate limit ++++++++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + DELETE /v2/frontends//middlewares/ + +Deletes rate limit from the frontend. + + +Connection limit +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Get connection limit +++++++++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + GET /v2/frontends//middlewares/ + +Retrieve the particular connection limit of frontend with id ``frontend-id`` and connection limit id ``conn-id``. Example response: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Id": "cl1", + "Priority": 0, + "Type": "connlimit", + "Middleware": { + "Connections": 3, + "Variable": "client.ip" + } + } + +Upsert connection limit ++++++++++++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + POST 'application/json' /v2/frontends//middlewares + +Upsert a connection limit to the frontend. Example response: + +.. code-block:: json + + { + "Middleware": { + "Id": "cl1", + "Priority": 0, + "Type": "connlimit", + "Middleware": { + "Connections": 3, + "Variable": "client.ip" + } + } + } + +JSON parameters explained + +.. container:: ptable + + ================= ========================================================== + Parameter Description + ================= ========================================================== + Id Optional limit id, will be generated if omitted.| + Connections Required maximum amount of allowed simultaneous connections| + Variable Variable for limiting e.g. ``client.ip`` or ``request.header.My-Header`` + ================= ========================================================== + + +Delete connection limit ++++++++++++++++++++++++ + +.. code-block:: url + + DELETE /v2/frontends//middlewares/ + +Delete a connection limit from the frontend. diff --git a/_sources/index.txt b/_sources/index.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..73fff77 --- /dev/null +++ b/_sources/index.txt @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +Documentation +------------- + +Vulcand is a reverse proxy for HTTP API management and microservices. It is inspired by `Hystrix `_. + +It uses Etcd as a configuration backend, so changes to configuration take effect immediately without restarting the service. + + +.. warning:: Status: Under active development. Used at Mailgun on moderate workloads. +.. note:: Version used in this documentation: ``v0.8.0-beta.2`` + + +.. toctree:: + :maxdepth: 2 + + quickstart + proxy + middlewares + api + diff --git a/_sources/middlewares.txt b/_sources/middlewares.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b3cee2a --- /dev/null +++ b/_sources/middlewares.txt @@ -0,0 +1,356 @@ +.. _middlewares: + +Middlewares +----------- + +Vulcand allows you to compile in middlewares that can change, intercept or reject the request or even alter the response, +and provides ``vulcanbundle`` command line tool to make it easy. + + +Middlewares +~~~~~~~~~~~ +Middlewares are allowed to observe, modify and intercept http requests and responses. Each middleware is fully compatible with Go standard library ``http.Handler`` interface: + +.. code-block:: go + + type Handler interface { + ServeHTTP(ResponseWriter, *Request) + } + +* ``ServeHTTP`` is called before the request is going to be forwarded to the server selected by the load balancer. This function can modify or intercept request before it gets to a final destination and change the response. + +Middleware Chains +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Middleware chains define an order in which middlewares will be executed. Each Middleware handler will explicitly call next handler: + +.. code-block:: go + + func (h *MyHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *Request) { + // do something with the request and pass to the next handler + h.next.ServeHTTP(w, r) + } + +In case if middleware decides to reject the request, it should not call next, and instead write it's own response: + +.. code-block:: go + + func (h *MyHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *Request) { + io.WriteString(w, "access denied") + io.WriteHeader(403) + return + } + +Example of a request that passes auth and limiting middlewares and hits the server: + +.. figure:: _static/img/VulcanMiddleware.png + :align: center + +Example of a request that is rejected by limiting middleware: + +.. figure:: _static/img/VulcanMiddlewareReject.png + :align: center + +In this case server won't process the request. + +Vbundle +~~~~~~~ + +Vbundle is a very simple command line tool that creates a new version of vulcand daemon by writing a new ``main.go`` that imports the ``vulcand`` packages and your plugins: + +.. code-block:: go + + import ( + "github.com/mailgun/vulcand" + "github.com/example/extension" + ) + + func main() { + vulcand.RegisterPlugin(extension.Spec()) + vulcand.Run() + } + + +Vbundle does not download anything from the internet, it just generates the program for you. To compile, the packages and dependencies should be in your working environment. + +Example - Auth middleware +************************* + +In this example, we will write a new fully functional (but insecure) middleware that will require all requests to be authorized with HTTP basic auth. +For this demo, we've created ``auth`` package in our environment. Full source code is available at: http://github.com/mailgun/vulcand-auth + + +Describing your middleware +////////////////////////// + +Vulcand looks for a special function ``GetSpec`` that returns all that it needs to know about this middleware. + +.. code-block:: go + + import ( + "github.com/mailgun/vulcand/plugin" + ) + + const Type = "auth" + + func GetSpec() *plugin.MiddlewareSpec { + return &plugin.MiddlewareSpec{ + Type: Type, // A short name for the middleware + FromOther: FromOther, // Tells vulcand how to create middleware from another one + FromCli: FromCli, // Tells vulcand how to create middleware from CLI + CliFlags: CliFlags(), // Vulcand will add this flags CLI command + } + } + +We will get back to each one of this functions later, for now let's create a middleware struct itself. +Our Auth plugin is a struct that stores username and password. + +.. note:: Your struct should contain only values expected in: http://golang.org/pkg/encoding/json/#Marshal + +.. code-block:: go + + // AuthMiddleware struct holds configuration parameters and is used to + // serialize/deserialize the configuration from storage engines. + type AuthMiddleware struct { + Password string + Username string + } + + + +Handler +//////// + +Let's define ``ServeHTTP`` handler that will be called on each request and response. + +.. code-block:: go + + // Auth middleware handler + type AuthHandler struct { + cfg AuthMiddleware + next http.Handler + } + + // This function will be called each time the request hits the location with this middleware activated + func (a *AuthHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { + auth, err := utils.ParseAuthHeader(r.Header.Get("Authorization")) + // Reject the request by writing forbidden response + if err != nil || a.cfg.Username != auth.Username || a.cfg.Password != auth.Password { + w.WriteHeader(http.StatusForbidden) + io.WriteString(w, "Forbidden") + return + } + // Pass the request to the next middleware in chain + a.next.ServeHTTP(w, r) + } + +.. note:: it is important to call next handler if you want to pass the request to the server + +As you may noticed, ``AuthHandler`` is fully compatible with ``http.Handler``. This is very handy as you may now re-use all these middlewares available in the internet, like this one: + +* https://github.com/codahale/http-handlers +* https://github.com/mailgun/oxy + + +Utility functions +////////////////// + +Let's define some other important functions as the next step. + +.. code-block:: go + + // This function is optional but handy, used to check input parameters when creating new middlewares + func New(user, pass string) (*AuthMiddleware, error) { + if user == "" || pass == "" { + return nil, fmt.Errorf("Username and password can not be empty") + } + return &AuthMiddleware{Username: user, Password: pass}, nil + } + + // This function is important, it's called by vulcand to create a new handler from the middleware config and put it into the + // middleware chain. Note that we need to remember 'next' handler to call + func (c *AuthMiddleware) NewHandler(next http.Handler) (http.Handler, error) { + return &AuthHandler{next: next, cfg: *c}, nil + } + + // String() will be called by loggers inside Vulcand and command line tool. + func (c *AuthMiddleware) String() string { + return fmt.Sprintf("username=%v, pass=%v", c.Username, "********") + } + + + + +Constructors +//////////// + +As the final step, lets define the functions required by ``GetSpec``, these ones will be called by ``Vulcand`` when it will need to +create new auth middlewares: + +.. code-block:: go + + // FromOther Will be called by Vulcand when engine or API will read the middleware from the serialized format. + // It's important that the signature of the function will be exactly the same, otherwise Vulcand will + // fail to register this middleware. + // The first and the only parameter should be the struct itself, no pointers and other variables. + // Function should return middleware interface and error in case if the parameters are wrong. + func FromOther(c AuthMiddleware) (plugin.Middleware, error) { + return New(c.Username, c.Password) + } + + // FromCli constructs the middleware from the command line + func FromCli(c *cli.Context) (plugin.Middleware, error) { + return New(c.String("user"), c.String("pass")) + } + + // CliFlags will be used by Vulcand construct help and CLI command for the vctl command + func CliFlags() []cli.Flag { + return []cli.Flag{ + cli.StringFlag{"user, u", "", "Basic auth username", ""}, + cli.StringFlag{"pass, p", "", "Basic auth pass", ""}, + } + } + + +Imports +/////// + +Let's take a look at all imports used in the http://github.com/mailgun/vulcand-auth + +.. code-block:: go + + // Note that I import the versions bundled with vulcand. That will make our lives easier, as we'll use exactly the same versions used + // by vulcand. We are escaping dependency management troubles thanks to Godep. + import ( + "fmt" + "io" + "net/http" + + "github.com/mailgun/vulcand/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/codegangsta/cli" + "github.com/mailgun/vulcand/Godeps/_workspace/src/github.com/mailgun/oxy/utils" + "github.com/mailgun/vulcand/plugin" + ) + + +Vulcand uses `Godep `_ to manage it dependencies, we encourage you to read it's docs. +That's why all imports to shared libraries are pointing to versions vendored with the version of vulcand you are using. + +Getting it together +/////////////////// + +Let's create a folder in ``GOPATH`` environment that will be used for your version of ``Vulcand`` compiled with the new middleware. +In our case it looks like this: + +.. code-block:: bash + + /home/alex/goworld/src/github.com/mailgun/vulcand-bundle + +In your case it would be something different. Now execute the vbundle command, you should see something like this: + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ vbundle init --middleware=github.com/mailgun/vulcand-auth/auth + Dec 26 01:02:57.180: INFO PID:16442 [main.go:51] SUCCESS: bundle vulcand and vctl completed + +.. note:: ``--middleware=github.com/mailgun/vulcand-auth/auth`` flag tells the tool to include our auth middleware into bundle. + +Let us check that it actually did something: + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ ls + main.go registry vctl + +What just happened? Vbundle wrote a new version of ``main.go`` and ``vctl`` that have our ``auth`` middleware plugged in. +The final step would be to install the bundle. Let's ``cd`` to the vulcand-bundle dir and execute the build commands + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ go build -o vulcand + $ pushd vctl/ && go build -o vctl && popd + +Congrats! Now you have your version of ``vulcand`` and ``vctl`` Let's use it and try a couple of tricks with the new middleware +to ensure it actually works. + +We need to start the new binary and configure the server first. (If you have it configured, just skip configuration steps below) + +.. code-block:: bash + + # start the daemon + $ ./vulcand -etcd http://localhost:4001 + + # add host, location and upstream with endpoints via newly compiled command line tool + $ ./vctl/vctl backend upsert -id b1 + $ ./vctl/vctl server upsert -id srv1 -b b1 -url http://localhost:5000 + $ ./vctl/vctl frontend upsert -id f1 -b b1 -route 'Path("/")' + + +Using Auth middleware +///////////////////// + +Now to the fun part, you can configure the new authorization. Make sure that auth command is now available: + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ ./vctl/vctl auth --help + $ ./vctl/vctl auth upsert --help + +Let's play with the new feature! + +.. code-block:: bash + + # add the auth + $ ./vctl/vctl auth upsert -f f1 -user=hello -pass=world + OK: auth upserted + + # try it out + $ curl http://localhost:8181/ + Forbidden + + # ok, here you go: + $ curl -u hello:world http://localhost:8181/ + ok + + +Etcd +//// + +Note that you can use Etcd to configure the new middleware, ``vulcand`` will load it from json representation: + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/middlewares/auth1 '{"Type": "auth", "Middleware":{"Username": "user", "Password": "secret1"}}' + + +Testing +/////// + +We were in a hurry trying to get it all working, didn't we? Now we can step back and cover it all by tests: + +https://github.com/mailgun/vulcand-auth/blob/master/auth/auth_test.go + + +Maintenance +/////////// + +Note that vbundle simply writes the new ``vulcanbundle`` for you, and does not try to get in your way of managing your environment. +However, here are a couple of tips if you feel like you need ones: + +* Your new bundle is just a go program like any other one out there. +* This means that you can add it to your repo, and update periodically by calling ``vbundle init`` with new parameters. +* You can use ``godep save -r ./...`` with new bundle as well to make sure your bundle's deps are always there. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/_sources/proxy.txt b/_sources/proxy.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9b76964 --- /dev/null +++ b/_sources/proxy.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1612 @@ +.. _proxy: + +User Manual +=========== + + +Glossary +-------- + +Familiarizing with the glossary would help to understand the rest of this guide. + +Host +~~~~ + +Hostname is defined by incoming ``Host`` header. E.g. ``curl http://example.com/alice`` generates the following request: + +.. code-block:: sh + + GET /alice HTTP/1.1 + User-Agent: curl/7.35.0 + Host: example.com + + +Vulcand hosts contain associated information and settings, such as SNI options and TLS certificates. + +Listener +~~~~~~~~ +Listener is a dynamic socket that can be attached or detached to Vulcand without restart. Vulcand can have multiple http and https listeners +attached to it, providing service on multiple interfaces and protocols. + +Frontend +~~~~~~~~ +Frontends match the requests and forward it to the backends. +Each frontend defines a route - a special expression that matches the request, e.g. ``Path("/v1/path")``. +Frontends are linked to backend and Vulcand will use the servers from this backend to serve the request. + +Backend +~~~~~~~ +Backend is a collection of servers, they control connection pools to servers and transport options, such as connection, read and write timeouts. + +Server +~~~~~~ +Server is a final destination of the incoming request, each server is defined by URL ``://:``, e.g. ``http://localhost:5000``. + +Middleware +~~~~~~~~~~ +Vulcand supports pluggable middlewares. Middlewares can intercept or transform the request to any frontend. Examples of the supported middlewares are rate limits and connection limits. +You can add or remove middlewares using command line, API or directly via backends. + +Circuit Breaker +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +Circuit breakers are special type of middlewares that observe various metrics for a particular frontend and can activate failover scenario whenever the condition matches e.g. error rate exceeds the threshold. + +Secret storage +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +Vulcand supports secret storage - running process acts like encryption/decryption service every time it reads and writes sensitive data, e.g. TLS certificates to the backend. +To use this feature, users generate ``sealKey`` using command line utility and pass this key to the process for encryption and decryption of the data in the backends. + +Failover Predicates +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Sometimes it is handy to retry the request on error. The good question is what constitutes an error? Sometimes it's a read/write timeout, and somethimes it's a special error code. +Failover predicates are expressions that define when the request can be failed over, e.g. ``IsNetworkError() && Attempts <= 2`` + +.. code-block:: bash + + IsNetworkError() # failover on network error + Attempts() <= 1 # allows only 1 failover attempt + RequestMethod() == "GET" # failover for GET requests only + ResponseCode() == 408 # failover on 408 HTTP response code + +.. warning:: if you omit `Attempts`, failover will max out after 10 attempts. + + +Route +~~~~~ + +Route is a simple routing language for matching http requests with Go syntax: ``Method("POST") && Path("/path")``, here are a couple of examples: + +.. code-block:: go + + Host(".example.com") // Match by host with trie syntax + HostRegexp(".*.example.com") // Match by host with regexp syntax + + Path("/v1/users/") // Match by path with trie syntax + Method("POST") && Path("/v1/users") // Match by method and path with trie syntax + + PathRegexp("/v1/users/.*") // Match by path with regexp syntax + MethodRegexp("DELETE|GET") && PathRegexp("/v1/users/.*") // Match by method and path with regexp syntax + + Header("Content-Type", "application/") // trie-based matcher for headers + HeaderRegexp("Content-Type", "application/.*") // regexp based matcher for headers + + +Configuration +------------- + +Vulcand can be configured via Etcd, API or command line tool - ``vctl``. You can switch between different configuration examples using the samples switch. + + +Backends and servers +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. figure:: _static/img/VulcanUpstream.png + :align: left + +Backend is a collection of servers. Vulcand load-balances requests within the backend and keeps the connection pool to every server. +Frontends using the same backend will share the connections. + +Adding and removing servers to the backend will change the traffic in real-time, removing the backend will lead to graceful drain off of the connections. + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Upsert backend and add a server to it + etcdctl set /vulcand/backends/b1/backend '{"Type": "http"}' + etcdctl set /vulcand/backends/b1/servers/srv1 '{"URL": "http://localhost:5000"}' + + +.. code-block:: cli + + # Upsert backend and add a server to it + vctl backend upsert -id b1 + vctl server upsert -b b1 -id srv1 -url http://localhost:5000 + + +.. code-block:: api + + # Upsert backend and add a server to it + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/backends\ + -d '{"Backend": {"Id":"b1", "Type":"http"}}' + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/backends/b1/servers\ + -d '{"Server": {"Id":"srv1", "URL":"http://localhost:5000"}}' + + +**Backend settings** + +Backends define the configuration options to the servers, such as the amount of idle connections and timeouts. +Backend options are represented as JSON dictionary. + +.. code-block:: javascript + + { + "Timeouts": { + "Read": "1s", // Socket read timeout (before we receive the first reply header) + "Dial": "2s", // Socket connect timeout + "TLSHandshake": "3s", // TLS handshake timeout + }, + "KeepAlive": { + "Period": "4s", // Keepalive period for idle connections + "MaxIdleConnsPerHost": 3, // How many idle connections will be kept per host + } + } + +You can update the settings at any time, that will initiate graceful reload of the underlying settings in Vulcand. + +.. code-block:: etcd + + etcdctl set /vulcand/backends/b1/backend '{"Type": "http", "Settings": {"KeepAlive": {"MaxIdleConnsPerHost": 128, "Period": "4s"}}}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + vctl backend upsert -id b1 \ + -readTimeout=1s -dialTimeout=2s -handshakeTimeout=3s\ + -keepAlivePeriod=4s -maxIdleConns=128 + + +.. code-block:: api + + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/backends\ + -d '{"Backend": {"Id":"b1", "Type":"http", "Settings": {"KeepAlive": {"MaxIdleConnsPerHost": 128, "Period": "4s"}}}}' + + +**Server heartbeat** + +Heartbeat allows to automatically de-register the server when it crashes or wishes to be de-registered. +Server can heartbeat it's presense, and once the heartbeat is stopped, Vulcand will gracefully remove the server from the rotation. + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Upsert a server with TTL 5 seconds + etcdctl set --ttl 5 /vulcand/backends/b1/servers/srv2 '{"URL": "http://localhost:5001"}' + + +.. code-block:: cli + + # Upsert a server with TTL 5 seconds + vctl server upsert -b b1 -id srv2 -ttl 5s -url http://localhost:5002 + + +.. code-block:: api + + # Upsert a server with TTL 5 seconds + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/backends/b1/servers\ + -d '{"Server": {"Id":"srv2", "URL":"http://localhost:5001"}, "TTL": "5s"}' + + +Frontends +~~~~~~~~~ + +.. figure:: _static/img/VulcanFrontend.png + :align: left + + +If request matches a frontend route it is redirected to one of the servers of the associated backend. +It is recommended to specify a frontend per API method, e.g. ``Host("api.example.com") && Method("POST") && Path("/v1/users")``. + +Route can be any valid route expression, e.g. ``Path("/v1/users")`` will match for all hosts and +``Host("api.example.com") && Path("/v1/users")`` will match only for ``api.example.com``. + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # upsert frontend connected to backend b1 and matching path "/" + etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/frontend '{"Type": "http", "BackendId": "b1", "Route": "Path(`/`)"}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + # upsert frontend connected to backend b1 and matching path "/" + vctl frontend upsert -id f1 -b b1 -route 'Path("/")' + +.. code-block:: api + + # upsert frontend connected to backend b1 and matching path "/" + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/frontends\ + -d '{"Frontend": {"Id":"f1", "Type": "http", "BackendId": "b1", "Route": "Path(\"/\")"}}' + + +**Frontend settings** + +Frontends control various limits, forwarding and failover settings. + +.. code-block:: javascript + + { + "Limits": { + "MaxMemBodyBytes": 12, // Maximum request body size to keep in memory before buffering to disk + "MaxBodyBytes": 400, // Maximum request body size to allow for this frontend + }, + "FailoverPredicate": "IsNetworkError() && Attempts() <= 1", // Predicate that defines when requests are allowed to failover + "Hostname": "host1", // Host to set in forwarding headers + "TrustForwardHeader": true, // Time provider (useful for testing purposes) + } + +Setting frontend settings upates the limits and parameters for the newly arriving requests in real-time. + +.. code-block:: etcd + + etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/frontend '{"Id": "f1", "Type": "http", "BackendId": "b1", "Route": "Path(`/`)", "Settings": {"FailoverPredicate":"(IsNetworkError() || ResponseCode() == 503) && Attempts() <= 2"}}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + vctl frontend upsert\ + -id=f1\ + -route='Path("/")'\ + -b=b1\ + -maxMemBodyKB=6 -maxBodyKB=7\ + -failoverPredicate='IsNetworkError()'\ + -trustForwardHeader\ + -forwardHost=host1 + +.. code-block:: api + + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/frontends\ + -d '{"Frontend": {"Id": "f1", "Type": "http", "BackendId": "b1", "Route": "Path(`/`)", "Settings": {"FailoverPredicate":"(IsNetworkError() || ResponseCode() == 503) && Attempts() <= 2"}}}' + + +**Switching backends** + +Updating frontend's backend property gracefully re-routes the traffic to the new servers assigned to this backend: + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # redirect the traffic of the frontend "loc1" to the servers of the backend "b2" + etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/frontend '{"Type": "http", "BackendId": "b2", "Route": "Path(`/`)"}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + # redirect the traffic of the frontend "f1" to the servers of the backend "b2" + vctl frontend upsert -id=f1 -route='Path("/")' -b=b2 + +.. code-block:: api + + # redirect the traffic of the frontend "loc1" to the servers of the backend "up2" + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/frontends -d '{"Frontend": {"Id": "f1", "Type": "http", "BackendId": "b2", "Route": "Path(`/`)"}}' + +.. note:: you can add and remove servers to the existing backend, and Vulcand will start redirecting the traffic to them automatically + +Hosts +~~~~~ + +One can use Host entries to specify host-related settings, such as TLS certificates and SNI options. + +**TLS Certificates** + +Certificates are stored as encrypted JSON dictionaries. Updating a certificate will gracefully reload it for all running HTTP servers. + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Set keypair + etcdctl set /vulcand/hosts/localhost/host '{"Settings": {"KeyPair": {...}}}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + vctl host upsert -name -cert= -privateKey= + +.. code-block:: api + + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/hosts\ + -d '{"Host": { "Name": "localhost", "Settings": {"KeyPair": {"Cert": "base64", Key: "base64"}}}}' + +.. note:: When setting keypair via Etcd you need to encrypt keypair. This is explained in `TLS`_ section of this document. + + +**OCSP** + +`Online Certificate Status Protocol `_ is a protocol for certificate revocation checking. Vulcand checks OCSP status in the background and +includes the OCSP staple response in the TLS handshake when this feature turned on. + +Read more about turning OCSP for hosts in `OCSP`_ section of this document. + + + +Routing Language +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Vulcand uses a special type of a routing language to match requests - called ``route`` and implemented as a `standalone library `_ +It uses Go syntax to route http requests by by hostname, method, path and headers. Every Vulcand frontend has a special ``Route`` field for routing requests. + +Here is the syntax explained: + +.. code-block:: go + + Matcher("value") // matches value using trie + Matcher(".value") // uses trie-based matching for a.value and b.value + MatcherRegexp(".*value") // uses regexp-based matching + +Host matcher: + +.. code-block:: go + + Host(".localhost") // trie-based matcher for a.localhost, b.localhost, etc. + HostRegexp(".*localhost") // regexp based matcher + +Path matcher: + +.. code-block:: go + + Path("/hello/") // trie-based matcher for raw request path + PathRegexp("/hello/.*") // regexp-based matcher for raw request path + +Method matcher: + +.. code-block:: go + + Method("GET") // trie-based matcher for request method + MethodRegexp("POST|PUT") // regexp based matcher for request method + +Header matcher: + +.. code-block:: go + + Header("Content-Type", "application/") // trie-based matcher for headers + HeaderRegexp("Content-Type", "application/.*") // regexp based matcher for headers + +Matchers can be combined using ``&&`` operator: + +.. code-block:: go + + Host("localhost") && Method("POST") && Path("/v1") + +Vulcan will join the trie-based matchers into one trie matcher when possible, for example: + +.. code-block:: go + + Host("localhost") && Method("POST") && Path("/v1") + Host("localhost") && Method("GET") && Path("/v2") + +Will be combined into one trie for performance. If you add a third route: + +.. code-block:: go + + Host("localhost") && Method("GET") && PathRegexp("/v2/.*") + +It wont be joined ito the trie, and would be matched separately instead. + +.. warning:: Vulcan can not merge regexp-based routes into efficient structure, so if you have hundreds/thousands of frontends, use trie-based routes! + +Host based routing +////////////////// + +Vulcand does not require host-specific routing, e.g. the frontend with the following route will match all requests regardless of their hostname: + +.. code-block:: go + + PathRegexp("/.*") + +.. code-block:: bash + + curl -H "Host:example.com" http://localhost/hello # works + curl -H "Host:hello.com" http://localhost/hello # also works + + +In case if you need Host-based routing (just as Apache's ``VHost`` or Nginx's ``Server`` names), you can use the routes: + +.. code-block:: go + + Host("example.com") && PathRegexp("/.*") + +.. code-block:: bash + + curl -H "Host:example.com" http://localhost/hello # works + curl -H "Host:hello.com" http://localhost/hello # not found + +.. note:: The example above do not set up host entries in Vulcand. You only need them when using HTTPS to supply certificates. + + +Method matching +/////////////// + +Vulcand works better when creating a separate frontend for each HTTP method in your API: + +.. code-block:: go + + Host("localhost") && Method("POST") && Path("/users") + Host("localhost") && Method("GET") && Path("/users") + +In this case each frontend collects separate set of realtime metrics that are different for creating and gettings users. This separation will provide separate histograms and separate load balancing logic for different request types what helps to understand the performance better. + +Listeners +~~~~~~~~~ +.. figure:: _static/img/VulcanListener.png + :align: left + +Listeners allow attaching and detaching sockets on various interfaces and networks. +Vulcand can have multiple listeners attached and share the same listener. + +.. code-block:: javascript + + { + "Protocol":"http", // 'http' or 'https' + "Scope": "", // optional scope field, read below for details + "Address":{ + "Network":"tcp", // 'tcp' or 'unix' + "Address":"localhost:8183" // 'host:port' or '/path/to.socket' + }, + } + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:8183 + etcdctl set /vulcand/listeners/ls1\ + '{"Protocol":"http", "Address":{"Network":"tcp", "Address":"127.0.0.1:8183"}}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:80 + vctl listener upsert --id ls1 --proto=http --net=tcp -addr=127.0.0.1:8080 + + +.. code-block:: api + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:8183 + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/listeners\ + -d '{"Listener":{"Id": "ls1", "Protocol":"http", "Address":{"Network":"tcp", "Address":"127.0.0.1:8183"}}}' + + + +**Listener scopes** + +Listeners support scopes as the way to limit operational scope of socket. +Scope field uses Vulcand `Routing Language`_. +Here's an example of Listener that only allows requests with hostname ``example.com`` + +.. code-block:: javascript + + { + "Protocol":"http", // 'http' or 'https' + "Scope": "Host(`example.com`)", // operational scope + "Address":{ + "Network":"tcp", // 'tcp' or 'unix' + "Address":"0.0.0.0:8183" // 'host:port' or '/path/to.socket' + }, + } + +E.g. if we have two frontends defined: + +.. code-block:: javascript + + Host("example.com") && Path("/users") + Host("localhost") && Path("/users") + + +Only first frontend is reachable for requests coming to port ``8183``. + + +Middlewares +~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. figure:: _static/img/VulcanMiddleware.png + :align: left + +Middlewares are allowed to observe, modify and intercept http requests and responses. Vulcand provides several middlewares. +Users can write their own middlewares for Vulcand in Go. + +To specify execution order of the middlewares, one can define the priority. Middlewares with smaller priority values will be executed first. + +Rate Limits +~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Vulcan supports controlling request rates. Rate can be checked against different request parameters and is set up via limiting variable. + +.. code-block:: bash + + client.ip # client ip + request.header.X-Special-Header # request header + +Adding and removing middlewares will modify the frontend behavior in real time. One can set expiring middlewares as well. + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Update or set rate limit the request to frontend "f1" to 1 request per second per client ip + # with bursts up to 3 requests per second. + etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/middlewares/rl1 '{ + "Priority": 0, + "Type": "ratelimit", + "Middleware":{ + "Requests":1, + "PeriodSeconds":1, + "Burst":3, + "Variable": "client.ip"}}' + + +.. code-block:: cli + + # Update or set rate limit the request to frontend "f1" to 1 request per second per client ip + # with bursts up to 3 requests per second. + vctl ratelimit upsert -id=rl1 -frontend=f1 -requests=1 -burst=3 -period=1 --priority=0 + +.. code-block:: api + + # Update or set rate limit the request to frontend "f1" to 1 request per second per client ip + # with bursts up to 3 requests per second. + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/frontends/f1/middlewares\ + -d '{"Middleware": { + "Priority": 0, + "Type": "ratelimit", + "Id": "rl1", + "Middleware":{ + "Requests":1, + "PeriodSeconds":1, + "Burst":3, + "Variable": "client.ip"}}}' + + +**Programmatic rate limits** + +Sometimes you have to change rate limits based on various parameters, e.g. account billing plan. Instead of setting hard-coded rate limits, Vulcand can accept rate limits +set via headers for each individual request. + +Each HTTP header should contain a JSON-encoded list with rates in the following format: + +.. code-block:: json + + [{"PeriodSeconds": 1, "Requests": 2, "Burst": 3}] + + +That means that you should write a middleware that sets the header to the right value and place it before the ratelimit middleware. + +After it's done you can activate the ratelimit plugin: + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Update or set rate limit the request to frontend "f1" to get the rates from the X-Custom-Rates. + # in case if the header is missing, ratelimit will default to 1 request per second per client ip + # with bursts up to 3 requests per second. + etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/middlewares/rl1 '{ + "Id":"rl1", + "Priority":0, + "Type":"ratelimit", + "Middleware":{ + "PeriodSeconds":1, + "Requests":1, + "Burst":3, + "Variable":"client.ip", + "RateVar":"request.header.X-Custom-Rates"}}' + + +.. code-block:: cli + + # Update or set rate limit the request to frontend "f1" to get the rates from the X-Custom-Rates. + # in case if the header is missing, ratelimit will default to 1 request per second per client ip + # with bursts up to 3 requests per second. + vctl ratelimit upsert -id=rl1 -frontend=f1 -requests=1 -burst=3 -period=1 --priority=0 --rateVar="request.header.X-Custom-Rates" + +.. code-block:: api + + # Update or set rate limit the request to frontend "f1" to get the rates from the X-Custom-Rates. + # in case if the header is missing, ratelimit will default to 1 request per second per client ip + # with bursts up to 3 requests per second. + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/frontends/f1/middlewares -d '{ + "Middleware": { + "Id":"rl1", + "Priority":0, + "Type":"ratelimit", + "Middleware":{ + "PeriodSeconds":1, + "Requests":1, + "Burst":3, + "Variable":"client.ip", + "RateVar":"request.header.X-Custom-Rates"}}}' + + + +Connection Limits +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Connection limits control the amount of simultaneous connections per frontend. Frontends re-use the same variables as rate limits. + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # limit the amount of connections per frontend to 16 per client ip + etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/middlewares/cl1\ + '{"Priority": 0, "Type": "connlimit", "Middleware":{"Connections":16, "Variable": "client.ip"}}' + + +.. code-block:: cli + + # limit the amount of connections per frontend to 16 per client ip + vctl connlimit upsert -id=cl1 -frontend=f1 -connections=1 --priority=0 --variable=client.ip + + +.. code-block:: api + + # limit the amount of connections per frontend to 16 per client ip + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/frontends/f1/middlewares\ + -d '{"Middleware": {"Id": "cl1", "Priority": 0, "Type": "connlimit", "Middleware":{"Connections":16, "Variable": "client.ip"}}}' + + +Rewrites and redirects +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Rewrite plugin enables rewriting request URLs, returning redirect responses and changing response bodies. + +**Rewrites** + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # remove /foo prefix from the url + etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/middlewares/r1 '{ + "Id":"r1", + "Priority":1, + "Type":"rewrite", + "Middleware":{ + "Regexp":"/foo(.*)", + "Replacement":"$1", + "RewriteBody":false, + "Redirect":false}}' + + +.. code-block:: cli + + # remove /foo prefix from the url, note the single quotes for '$1' + vctl rewrite upsert -f f1 -id r1 --regexp="/foo(.*)" --replacement='$1' + + +.. code-block:: api + + # remove /foo prefix from the url + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/frontends/f1/middlewares\ + -d '{"Middleware": { + "Id":"r1", + "Priority":1, + "Type":"rewrite", + "Middleware":{ + "Regexp":"/foo(.*)", + "Replacement":"$1", + "RewriteBody":false, + "Redirect":false}}}' + + +**Redirects** + +Setting a ``redirect`` parameter to rewrite will make it to generate ``302 Found`` response with ``Location`` header +set to the new URL: + + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # remove /foo prefix from the url + etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/middlewares/r1 '{ + "Id":"r1", + "Priority":1, + "Type":"rewrite", + "Middleware":{ + "Regexp":"^http://localhost/(.*)", + "Replacement":"https://localhost/$1", + "RewriteBody":false, + "Redirect":true}}' + + +.. code-block:: cli + + # redirect http requests to https location + vctl rewrite upsert -f f1 -id r1 --regexp="^http://localhost/(.*)" --replacement='https://localhost/$1' --redirect + +.. code-block:: api + + # remove /foo prefix from the url + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/frontends/f1/middlewares\ + -d '{"Middleware": { + "Id":"r1", + "Priority":1, + "Type":"rewrite", + "Middleware":{ + "Regexp":"^http://localhost/(.*)", + "Replacement":"https://localhost/$1", + "RewriteBody":false, + "Redirect":true}}}' + +**Templating** + +Rewrite can treat the response body as a template. Consider the following example: + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # treat response body as a template + etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/middlewares/r1 '{ + "Id":"r1", + "Priority":1, + "Type":"rewrite", + "Middleware":{"RewriteBody":true}}' + + +.. code-block:: cli + + # treat response body as a template + vctl rewrite upsert -f f1 -id r1 --rewriteBody + +.. code-block:: api + + # treat response body as a template + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/frontends/f1/middlewares\ + -d '{"Middleware": { + "Id":"r1", + "Priority":1, + "Type":"rewrite", + "Middleware":{"RewriteBody":true}}}' + + +The backend server can now reply: + +.. code-block:: go + + handler := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) { + w.WriteHeader(200) + w.Write([]byte(`{"foo": "{{.Request.Header.Get "variable-value"}}"}`)) + }) + +And the client will get as a response: + +.. code-block:: go + + {"foo": "variable-value"} + + + +Structured logs +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. warning:: We are still polishing the log format, so it may change soon. + +``trace`` plugin supports output in syslog-compatible format of the structured logs to UDP or Unix socket. + +Here's the example of the log entry: + +.. code-block:: bash + + Jan 13 15:07:51 vulcan pid:[3634]: @cee: {"request":{"method":"GET","url":"http://h:5000"},"response":{"code":404,"roundtrip":0.333712}} + +The prefix is a standard syslog prefix, and the part after ``@cee:`` is a structured log entry. Here's the entry format explained: + + +.. code-block:: js + + { + "request": { + "method": "GET", // request method + "url": "http://localhost:5000", // request URL + "headers": { // optional captured request headers + "User-Agent": [ // captured request User-Agent header values + "curl\/7.35.0" + ] + }, + "tls": { // tls is an optonal field, used when it's a TLS connection + "version": "TLS12", // TLS version used + "resume": false, // whether it's a session resumed with session ticket + "cipher_suite": "TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA", // cipher used in a connection + "server": "vulcand.io" // server name used in SNI + } + }, + "response": { + "code": 404, // response code + "roundtrip": 0.408372, // roundtrip in milliseconds, part after '.' is microseconds + "headers": { // optional captured response headers + "Content-Type": [ + "text\/plain; charset=utf-8" // captured response Content-Type header values + ] + } + } + } + +Adding and removing trace middleware will turn on/off tracing in real time. + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # turn tracing on, pointing output to unix syslog facility. + # capture request header values 'X-A' and 'X-B' and response headers 'X-C' and 'X-D' + etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/middlewares/t1 '{ + "Id":"t1", + "Priority":1, + "Type":"trace", + "Middleware":{ + "ReqHeaders":["X-A","X-B"], + "RespHeaders":["X-C","X-D"], + "Addr":"syslog://"}}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + # turn tracing on, pointing output to unix syslog facility. + # capture request header values 'X-A' and 'X-B' and response headers 'X-C' and 'X-D' + vctl trace upsert -f f1 -id t1 --addr='syslog://'\ + --reqHeader=X-A --reqHeader=X-B --respHeader=X-C --respHeader=X-D + +.. code-block:: api + + # turn tracing on, pointing output to unix syslog facility. + # capture request header values 'X-A' and 'X-B' and response headers 'X-C' and 'X-D' + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/frontends/f1/middlewares -d '{ + "Middleware": { + "Id":"t1", + "Priority":1, + "Type":"trace", + "Middleware":{ + "ReqHeaders":["X-A","X-B"], + "RespHeaders":["X-C","X-D"], + "Addr":"syslog://"}}}' + +**Controlling output** + +You can control output using the following form of address values: + +.. code-block:: bash + + # UDP socket formats + syslog://localhost:5000 # host localhost, port 5000, LOG_LOCAL0 facility + syslog://localhost:5000?f=MAIL&sev=INFO # host localhost, port 5000, MAIL facility, INFO severity + syslog://localhost:5000?f=MAIL # host localhost, port 5000, MAIL facility, INFO severity + syslog://localhost:5000?f=LOG_LOCAL0&sev=DEBUG # host localhost, port 5000, LOG_LOCAL0 facility, INFO severity + + # unixgram socket format + syslog:///tmp/out.sock # /tmp/out.sock unixgram socket + syslog:///tmp/out.sock?f=MAIL # /tmp/out.sock unixgram socket + + # default syslog + syslog:// # default OS-specific unix/unixgram socket + syslog://?f=LOG_LOCAL0&sev=INFO # default OS-specific unix/unixgram socket + + + +Circuit Breakers +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. figure:: _static/img/CircuitStandby.png + :align: left + +Circuit breaker is a special middleware that is designed to provide a fail-over action in case if service has degraded. +It is very helpful to prevent cascading failures - where the failure of the one service leads to failure of another. +Circuit breaker observes requests statistics and checks the stats against special error condition. + +.. figure:: _static/img/CircuitTripped.png + :align: left + +In case if condition matches, CB activates the fallback scenario: returns the response code or redirects the request to another frontend. + +**Circuit Breaker states** + +CB provides a set of explicit states and transitions explained below: + +.. figure:: _static/img/CBFSM.png + :align: left + +- Initial state is ``Standby``. CB observes the statistics and does not modify the request. +- In case if condition matches, CB enters ``Tripped`` state, where it responds with predefines code or redirects to another frontend. +- CB can execute the special HTTP callback when going from ``Standby`` to ``Tripped`` state +- CB sets a special timer that defines how long does it spend in the ``Tripped`` state +- Once ``Tripped`` timer expires, CB enters ``Recovering`` state and resets all stats +- In ``Recovering`` state Vulcand will start routing the portion of the traffic linearly increasing it over the period specified in ``Recovering`` timer. +- In case if the condition matches in ``Recovering`` state, CB enters ``Tripped`` state again +- In case if the condition does not match and recovery timer expries, CB enters ``Standby`` state. +- CB can execute the special HTTP callback when going from ``Recovering`` to ``Standby`` state + + +**Conditions** + +CB defines a simple language that allows us to specify simple conditions that watch the stats for a frontend: + +.. code-block:: javascript + + NetworkErrorRatio() > 0.5 // watch error ratio over 10 second sliding window for a frontend + LatencyAtQuantileMS(50.0) > 50 // watch latency at quantile in milliseconds. + ResponseCodeRatio(500, 600, 0, 600) > 0.5 // ratio of response codes in range [500-600) to [0-600) + +.. note:: Quantiles should be provided as floats - don't forget to add .0 to hint it as float + +**Response fallback** + +Response fallback will tell CB to reply with a predefined response instead of forwarding the request to the backend + +.. code-block:: javascript + + { + "Type": "response", + "Action": { + "ContentType": "text/plain", + "StatusCode": 400, + "Body": "Come back later" + } + } + +**Redirect fallback** + +Redirect fallback will redirect the request to another frontend. + +.. note:: It won't work for frontends not defined in the Vulcand config. + +.. code-block:: javascript + + { + "Type": "redirect", + "Action": { + "URL": "https://example.com/fallback" + } + } + + +**Webhook Action** + +Circuit breaker can notify extenral sources on it's state transitions, e.g. it can create a pager duty incident by issuing a webhook: + +.. code-block:: javascript + + { + "Body": { + "client": "Sample Monitoring Service", + "client_url": "https://example.com", + "description": "FAILURE for production/HTTP on machine srv01.acme.com", + "event_type": "trigger", + "incident_key": "srv01/HTTP", + "service_key": "-pager-duty-service-key" + }, + "Headers": { + "Content-Type": [ + "application/json" + ] + }, + "Method": "POST", + "URL": "https://events.pagerduty.com/generic/2010-04-15/create_event.json" + } + + +**Setup** + +Circuit breaker setup is can be done via Etcd, command line or API: + +.. code-block:: etcd + + etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/middlewares/cb1 '{ + "Id":"cb1", + "Priority":1, + "Type":"cbreaker", + "Middleware":{ + "Condition":"NetworkErrorRatio() > 0.5", + "Fallback":{"Type": "response", "Action": {"StatusCode": 400, "Body": "Come back later"}}, + "FallbackDuration": 10000000000, + "RecoveryDuration": 10000000000, + "CheckPeriod": 100000000 + } + }' + +.. code-block:: cli + + vctl cbreaker upsert \ + --frontend=f1 \ + --id=cb1\ + --condition="NetworkErrorRatio() > 0.5" \ + --fallback='{"Type": "response", "Action": {"StatusCode": 400, "Body": "Come back later"}}' + + +.. code-block:: api + + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json"\ + http://localhost:8182/v2/frontends/f1/middlewares\ + -d '{ + "Middleware": { + "Id":"cb1", + "Priority":1, + "Type":"cbreaker", + "Middleware":{ + "Condition":"NetworkErrorRatio() > 0.5", + "Fallback":{ + "Type": "response", + "Action": {"StatusCode": 400, "Body": "Come back later"} + }, + "FallbackDuration": 10000000000, + "RecoveryDuration": 10000000000, + "CheckPeriod": 100000000 + } + } + }' + + +TLS +--- + +Vulcand supports HTTPS via `SNI `_, certificate management and multiple HTTPS servers per running process. +This sections below contain all the steps required to enable TLS support in Vulcand + + +Managing certificates +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Vulcand encrypts certificates when storing them in the backends and uses `Nacl secretbox `_ to seal the data. +The running server acts as an encryption/decryption point when reading and writing certificates. + +This special key has to be generated by Vulcand using command line utility: + +**Setting up seal key** + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ vctl secret new_key + +Once we got the key, we can pass it to the running daemon. This key will be used by Vulcand to encrypt and decrypt stored certificates and private keys. + +.. code-block:: bash + + $ vulcand -sealKey="the-seal-key" + +.. note:: Add space before command to avoid leaking seal key in bash history, or use ``HISTIGNORE`` +.. warning:: Vulcand needs the `sealKey` to use TLS, without it simply will refuse to set the certificates for host. + +**Setting host keypair** + +Setting certificate via etcd is slightly different from CLI and API: + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Read the private key and certificate and returns back the encrypted version that can be passed to etcd + $ vctl secret seal_keypair -sealKey -cert= -privateKey= + + # Once we got the certificate sealed, we can pass it to the Etcd: + etcdctl set /vulcand/hosts/mailgun.com/host '{"Settings": {"KeyPair": {..encrypted data...}}}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + # Connect to Vulcand Update the TLS certificate. + # In this case we don't need to supply seal key, as in this case the CLI talks to the Vulcand directly + $ vctl host upsert -name -cert= -privateKey= + +.. code-block:: api + + # In this case we don't need to supply seal key, as in this case the CLI talks to the Vulcand directly + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/hosts\ + -d '{"Host": {"Name": "localhost", "Settings": {"KeyPair": {"Cert": "base64-encoded-certificate", "Key": "base64-encoded-key-string"}}}}' + +.. note:: To update the certificate in the live mode just repeat the steps with the new certificate, vulcand will gracefully reload the TLS config for running server + + +OCSP +~~~~ + +`Online Certificate Status Protocol `_ is a protocol for certificate revocation checking. Vulcand checks OCSP status in the background and +includes the OCSP staple response in the TLS handshake when this feature turned on. +By default it is turned off, mostly because it provides `questionable benefits `_. + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Set keypair and OCSP settings + etcdctl set /vulcand/hosts/localhost/host '{"Settings": + {"KeyPair": {...}, "OCSP":{"Enabled":true,"Period":"1h0m0s","Responders":[],"SkipSignatureCheck":false}}}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + # set keypair and OCSP settings + # --ocsp // turn OCSP on + # --ocspSkipCheck // insecure: skip OCSP signature check + # --ocspPeriod='1h' // override OCSP check period defined in the certificate, use '1h','30m' as time periods + # --ocspResponder // optional OCSP responder, use multiple args for responder list + vctl host upsert -name example.com -cert= -privateKey=\ + --ocsp + --ocspSkipCheck + --ocspPeriod='1h' + --ocspResponder="http://example.com/respond" + +.. code-block:: api + + #set keypair and OCSP settings + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/hosts\ + -d '{"Host": { + "Name": "localhost", + "Settings": { + "KeyPair": {"Cert": "base64", Key: "base64"}, + "OCSP":{ + "Enabled":true, + "Period":"1h0m0s", + "Responders":[], + "SkipSignatureCheck":false}}}}}' + + +SNI +~~~ + +Not all clients support SNI, or sometimes host name is not available. In this case you can set the ``default`` certificate that will be returned in case if the SNI is not available: + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Set example.com as default host returned in case if SNI is not available + etcdctl set /vulcand/hosts/example.com/host '{"Settings": {"Default": true, "KeyPair": {...}}}' + + +Session Tickets +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +`Session tickets `_ is a way to resume TLS connection, saving time on a TLS handshake. +Vulcand supports in-memory session tickets cache for HTTPS listeners and backend pools. Session tickets are enabled by default + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:9443, uses session ticket LRU cache of 1024 + etcdctl set /vulcand/listeners/ls1\ + '{"Id":"ls1","Protocol":"https","Address":{"Network":"tcp","Address":"127.0.0.1:9443"}, + "Settings":{ + "TLS":{ + "SessionTicketsDisabled":false, + "SessionCache":{"Type":"LRU","Settings":{"Capacity":1024}}}}}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:9443, uses session ticket LRU cache of 1024 + vctl listener upsert --id ls1 --proto=https --net=tcp -addr=127.0.0.1:9443\ + -tlsSessionCache=LRU -tlsSessionCacheCapacity=1024 + + + +.. code-block:: api + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:443, uses session ticket LRU cache of 1024 + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/listeners\ + -d '{"Listener": + {"Id": "ls1", "Protocol":"https", + "Address":{"Network":"tcp", "Address":"127.0.0.1:443"}, + "Settings":{ + "TLS":{ + "SessionTicketsDisabled":false, + "SessionCache":{"Type":"LRU","Settings":{"Capacity":1024}}}}}}' + + + +Cipher Suites +~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Vulcand supports cipher suites currently implemented in `go crypto/tls standard lib `_: + +.. code-block:: bash + + TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA + TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA + TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA + TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA + TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA + TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA + TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA + TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA + TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA + TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA + TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA + TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 + TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 + +By default, the following cipher suites are selected, in the order of preference: + +.. code-block:: bash + + TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 + TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 + TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA + TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA + TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA + TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA + TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA + TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA + + +Here's an example of how to configure cipher suites for HTTPS listener + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:9443, uses session ticket LRU cache of 1024 + etcdctl set /vulcand/listeners/ls1\ + '{"Id":"ls1","Protocol":"https","Address":{"Network":"tcp","Address":"127.0.0.1:9443"}, + "Settings":{ + "TLS":{ + "CipherSuites":[ + "TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256", + "TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256"]}}}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:443 with customized cipher suite list + vctl listener upsert --id ls1 --proto=https --net=tcp -addr=127.0.0.1:9443\ + --tlsCS=TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 --tlsCS=TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 + + +.. code-block:: api + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:443, uses session ticket LRU cache of 1024 + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/listeners\ + -d '{"Listener": {"Id": "ls1", "Protocol":"https", "Address":{"Network":"tcp", "Address":"127.0.0.1:9443"}, + "Settings":{ + "TLS":{ + "CipherSuites":[ + "TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256", + "TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256"]}}}}' + + +TLS options +~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Both HTTPS listeners and backends support some other TLS options: + +* Insecure: skipping certificate checks +* Setting minimum and maximum supported version +* Setting a server preference when selecting a cipher suite. + +Here's an example on how to set these options for HTTPS listener. Note that you can use the same parameters for backends as well. + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:9443, uses session ticket LRU cache of 1024 + etcdctl set /vulcand/listeners/ls1 '{ + "Id":"ls1", + "Protocol":"https", + "Address":{"Network":"tcp","Address":"127.0.0.1:9443"}, + "Settings":{ + "TLS":{ + "PreferServerCipherSuites":true, + "InsecureSkipVerify":true, + "MinVersion":"VersionTLS10", + "MaxVersion":"VersionTLS11", + "SessionTicketsDisabled":true}}}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:9443 with customized cipher suite list + vctl listener upsert --id ls1 --proto=https --net=tcp -addr=127.0.0.1:9443\ + --tlsSkipVerify --tlsSessionTicketsOff --tlsMinV=VersionTLS10 --tlsMaxV=VersionTLS11 --tlsPreferServerCS + + +.. code-block:: api + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:443, uses session ticket LRU cache of 1024 + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/listeners\ + -d '{"Listener": { + "Id":"ls1", + "Protocol":"https", + "Address":{"Network":"tcp","Address":"127.0.0.1:9443"}, + "Settings":{ + "TLS":{ + "PreferServerCipherSuites":true, + "InsecureSkipVerify":true, + "MinVersion":"VersionTLS10", + "MaxVersion":"VersionTLS11", + "SessionTicketsDisabled":true}}}}' + + +HTTPS listeners +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Once we have the certificate set, we can create HTTPS listeners for the host: + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:443 + etcdctl set /vulcand/listeners/ls1\ + '{"Protocol":"https", "Address":{"Network":"tcp", "Address":"127.0.0.1:443"}}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:443 + vctl listener upsert --id ls1 --proto=https --net=tcp -addr=127.0.0.1:443 + + +.. code-block:: api + + # Add http listener accepting requests on 127.0.0.1:443 + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/listeners\ + -d '{"Listener": + {"Id": "ls1", "Protocol":"https", "Address":{"Network":"tcp", "Address":"127.0.0.1:443"}}}' + + +HTTPS Backends +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Vulcand supports HTTPS backends out of the box, with default TLS settings. All TLS options described in the sections above, like session tickets, cipher suites and TLS versions +are available for HTTPS backends as well. + +Here's how you can modify TLS settings for a backend: + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Upsert https backend, choosing to ignore certificate checks and setting min and max TLS version + etcdctl set /vulcand/backends/b1/backend '{"Id":"b1","Type":"http", + "Settings":{ + "TLS":{ + "PreferServerCipherSuites":false, + "InsecureSkipVerify":true, + "MinVersion":"VersionTLS10", + "MaxVersion":"VersionTLS11"}}}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + # Upsert https backend, choosing to ignore certificate checks and setting min and max TLS version + vctl backend upsert -id b1 --tlsSkipVerify --tlsMinV="VersionTLS10" --tlsMaxV=VersionTLS11 + + +.. code-block:: api + + # Upsert https backend, choosing to ignore certificate checks and setting min and max TLS version + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/backends\ + -d '{"Backend": + {"Id":"b1","Type":"http", + "Settings":{ + "TLS":{ + "PreferServerCipherSuites":false, + "InsecureSkipVerify":true, + "MinVersion":"VersionTLS10", + "MaxVersion":"VersionTLS11"}}}}' + + + +Metrics +-------- + +Metrics are provided for frontends and servers: + +.. code-block:: javascript + + { + "Verdict":{ + "IsBad":false, // Verdict will specify if there's something wrong with the server + "Anomalies":null // Anomalies can be populated if Vulcand detects something unusual + }, + "Counters":{ // Counters in a rolling time window + "Period":10000000000, // Measuring period in ns + "NetErrors":6, // Network errors + "Total":78, // Total requests + "StatusCodes":[ + { + "Code":400, // Status codes recorded + "Count":7 + }, + { + "Code":429, + "Count":67 + } + ] + }, + "LatencyBrackets":[ // Latency brackets recorded for the server or frontend + { + "Quantile":99, + "Value":172000 // microsecond resolution + }, + { + "Quantile":99.9, + "Value":229000 + } + ] + } + + +Vulcand provides real-time metrics via API and command line. + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # top acts like a standard linux top command, refreshing top active frontends every second. + vctl top + +.. code-block:: api + + # top frontends + curl http://localhost:8182/v2/top/frontends?limit=100 + + # top servers + curl http://localhost:8182/v2/top/servers?limit=100 + +.. code-block:: cli + + # vctl top acts like a standard linux top command, refreshing top active frontends every second. + vctl top + # -b flag will show top only for frontends and servers that are associated with backend b1 + vctl top -b b1 + +Logging +------- + +Vulcand supports logging levels: + +.. code-block:: bash + + INFO # all output + WARN # warnings and errors only (default) + ERROR # errors only + +You can change the real time logging output by using ``set_severity`` command: + +.. code-block:: etcd + + vctl log set_severity -s=INFO + +.. code-block:: api + + curl -X PUT http://localhost:8182/v1/log/severity -F severity=INFO + +.. code-block:: cli + + # vctl log set_severity -s=INFO + +You can check current severity using ``get_severity`` command: + +.. code-block:: etcd + + vctl log get_severity + +.. code-block:: api + + curl http://localhost:8182/v1/log/severity + +.. code-block:: cli + + # vctl log get_severity + + +Process management +------------------ + +Startup and configuration +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Usage of vulcand + +.. code-block:: sh + + vulcand + + -apiInterface="": # apiInterface - interface for API + -apiPort=8182 # apiPort - port for API + + -etcd=[] # etcd - list of etcd discovery service API servers + -etcdKey="vulcand" # etceKey - etcd key for reading configuration + + -log="console" # log - syslog or console + -logSeverity="WARN" # log severity, INFO, WARN or ERROR + -pidPath="" # path to write PID + + + -sealKey="" # sealKey is used to store encrypted data in the backend, + # use 'vctl secret new_key' to create a new key. + + -statsdAddr="localhost:8185" # statsdAddr - address where Vulcand will emit statsd metrics + -statsdPrefix="vulcand" # statsdPrefix is a prefix prepended to every metric + + -serverMaxHeaderBytes=1048576 # Maximum size of request headers in server + + +Binary upgrades +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +In case if you need to upgrade the binary on the fly, you can now use signals to reload the binary without downtime. + +Here's how it works: + +* Replace the binary with a new version +* Send ``USR2`` signal to a running vulcand instance + +.. code-block:: sh + + kill -USR2 $(pidof vulcand) + +* Check that there are two instances running: + +.. code-block:: sh + + 4938 pts/12 Sl+ 0:04 vulcand + 10459 pts/12 Sl+ 0:01 vulcand + +Parent vulcand process forks the child process and passes all listening sockets file descriptors to the child. +Child process is now serving the requests along with parent process. + +* Check the logs for errors + +* If everything works smoothly, send ``SIGTERM`` to the parent process, so it will gracefully shut down: + +.. code-block:: sh + + kill 4938 + +* On the other hand, if something went wrong, send ``SIGTERM`` to the child process and recover the old binary back. + +.. code-block:: sh + + kill 10459 + +You can repeat this process multiple times. + + +Log control +~~~~~~~~~~~ + +You can controll logging verbosity by supplying ``logSeverity`` startup flag with the supported values ``INFO``, ``WARN`` and ``ERROR``, default value is ``WARN``. + +If you need to temporarily change the logging for a running process (e.g. to debug some issue), you can do that by using ``set_severity`` command: + +.. code-block:: sh + + vctl log set_severity -s=INFO + OK: Severity has been updated to INFO + +You can check the current logging seveirty by using ``get_severity`` command: + +.. code-block:: sh + + vctl log get_severity + OK: severity: INFO + + + +Metrics +~~~~~~~ + +Vulcand can emit metrics to statsd via UDP. To turn this feature on, supply ``statsdAddr`` and ``statsdPrefix`` parameters to vulcand executable. + +The service emits the following metrics for each frontend and server: + ++------------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| Metric type| Metric Name | ++============+===============================================+ +| counter | each distinct response code | ++------------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| counter | failure and success occurence | ++------------+-----------------------------------------------+ +| gauge | runtime stats (number of goroutines, memory) | ++------------+-----------------------------------------------+ + + + +Installation +------------ + +Docker builds +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Here's how you build vulcan in Docker: + +.. code-block:: sh + + docker build -t mailgun/vulcand . + + +Starting the daemon: + +.. code-block:: sh + + docker run -d -p 8182:8182 -p 8181:8181 mailgun/vulcand:v0.8.0-alpha.3 /go/bin/vulcand -apiInterface="0.0.0.0" --etcd=http://172.17.42.1:4001 + + +Don't forget to map the ports and bind to the proper interfaces, otherwise vulcan won't be reachable from outside the container. + +Using the vctl from container: + +.. code-block:: sh + + docker run mailgun/vulcand:v0.8.0-alpha.3 /opt/vulcan/vctl status --vulcan 'http://172.17.42.1:8182' + + +Make sure you've specified ``--vulcan`` flag to tell vctl where the running vulcand is. We've used lxc bridge interface in the example above. + + +Docker trusted build +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +There's a trusted ``mailgun/vulcand`` build you can use. The recommended version is `0.8.0-alpha.3`. + + +Manual installation +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. note:: You have to install go>=1.3.1 and Etcd before installing vulcand: + +Install: + +.. code-block:: sh + + make install + make run diff --git a/_sources/quickstart.txt b/_sources/quickstart.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..52e8da0 --- /dev/null +++ b/_sources/quickstart.txt @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +.. _quickstart: + +Quick Start +=========== + +.. figure:: _static/img/Vulcan1.png + :align: left + + +Vulcand uses Etcd as a configuration backend. See Etcd `getting started guide `_ for instructions. + +The easiest way to install Vulcand is to pull the trusted build from the hub.docker.com and launch it in the container: + +.. code-block:: bash + + # download vulcand from the trusted build + docker pull mailgun/vulcand:v0.8.0-beta.2 + + # launch vulcand in a container + docker run -p 8182:8182 -p 8181:8181 mailgun/vulcand:v0.8.0-beta.2 /go/bin/vulcand -apiInterface=0.0.0.0 --etcd=http://172.17.42.1:4001 + +You can check if Vulcand is running by checking the logs of the container: + +.. code-block:: bash + + # check out the output from the container: + docker logs $(docker ps | grep vulcand | awk '{ print $1 }') + + Dec 25 20:22:24.002: WARN PID:1 [supervisor.go:350] No frontends found + +That was Vulcand complaining that there are no frontends specified + +Example: setting up Vulcand +""""""""""""""""""""""""""" + +.. code-block:: etcd + + # Upsert backend and add a server to it + etcdctl set /vulcand/backends/b1/backend '{"Type": "http"}' + etcdctl set /vulcand/backends/b1/servers/srv1 '{"URL": "http://localhost:5000"}' + + # Upsert a frontend connected to backend "b1" that matches path / + etcdctl set /vulcand/frontends/f1/frontend '{"Type": "http", "BackendId": "b1", "Route": "Path(`/`)"}' + +.. code-block:: cli + + # Upsert backend and add a server to it + vctl backend upsert -id b1 + vctl server upsert -b b1 -id srv1 -url http://localhost:5000 + + # Upsert a frontend connected to backend "b1" that matches path / + vctl frontend upsert -id f1 -b b1 -route 'Path("/")' + +.. code-block:: api + + # Upsert backend and add a server to it + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/backends\ + -d '{"Backend": {"Id":"b1", "Type":"http"}}' + curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" http://localhost:8182/v2/backends/b1/servers\ + -d '{"Server": {"Id":"srv1", "URL":"http://localhost:5000"}}' + + # Upsert a frontend connected to backend "b1" that matches path / + curl 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transparent;border-top:4px solid #000000;opacity:0.3;filter:alpha(opacity=30);content:"\2193";} +.dropdown .caret{margin-top:8px;margin-left:2px;} +.dropdown:hover .caret,.open.dropdown .caret{opacity:1;filter:alpha(opacity=100);} +.dropdown-menu{position:absolute;top:100%;left:0;z-index:1000;float:left;display:none;min-width:160px;max-width:220px;_width:160px;padding:4px 0;margin:0;list-style:none;background-color:#ffffff;border-color:#ccc;border-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);border-style:solid;border-width:1px;-webkit-border-radius:0 0 5px 5px;-moz-border-radius:0 0 5px 5px;border-radius:0 0 5px 5px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);-moz-box-shadow:0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);box-shadow:0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);-webkit-background-clip:padding-box;-moz-background-clip:padding;background-clip:padding-box;*border-right-width:2px;*border-bottom-width:2px;}.dropdown-menu.bottom-up{top:auto;bottom:100%;margin-bottom:2px;} +.dropdown-menu .divider{height:1px;margin:5px 1px;overflow:hidden;background-color:#e5e5e5;border-bottom:1px solid #ffffff;*width:100%;*margin:-5px 0 5px;} +.dropdown-menu a{display:block;padding:3px 15px;clear:both;font-weight:normal;line-height:18px;color:#555555;white-space:nowrap;} +.dropdown-menu li>a:hover,.dropdown-menu .active>a,.dropdown-menu .active>a:hover{color:#ffffff;text-decoration:none;background-color:#0088cc;} +.dropdown.open{*z-index:1000;}.dropdown.open .dropdown-toggle{color:#ffffff;background:#ccc;background:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);} +.dropdown.open .dropdown-menu{display:block;} +.typeahead{margin-top:2px;-webkit-border-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;} +.well{min-height:20px;padding:19px;margin-bottom:20px;background-color:#f5f5f5;border:1px solid #eee;border:1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);-webkit-border-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);box-shadow:inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);}.well blockquote{border-color:#ddd;border-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);} +.fade{-webkit-transition:opacity 0.15s linear;-moz-transition:opacity 0.15s linear;-ms-transition:opacity 0.15s linear;-o-transition:opacity 0.15s linear;transition:opacity 0.15s linear;opacity:0;}.fade.in{opacity:1;} +.collapse{-webkit-transition:height 0.35s ease;-moz-transition:height 0.35s ease;-ms-transition:height 0.35s ease;-o-transition:height 0.35s ease;transition:height 0.35s ease;position:relative;overflow:hidden;height:0;}.collapse.in{height:auto;} +.close{float:right;font-size:20px;font-weight:bold;line-height:18px;color:#000000;text-shadow:0 1px 0 #ffffff;opacity:0.2;filter:alpha(opacity=20);}.close:hover{color:#000000;text-decoration:none;opacity:0.4;filter:alpha(opacity=40);cursor:pointer;} +.btn{display:inline-block;padding:4px 10px 4px;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;color:#333333;text-align:center;text-shadow:0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);background-color:#fafafa;background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#ffffff), color-stop(25%, #ffffff), to(#e6e6e6));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(#ffffff, #ffffff 25%, #e6e6e6);background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #ffffff 25%, #e6e6e6);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(#ffffff, #ffffff 25%, #e6e6e6);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(#ffffff, #ffffff 25%, #e6e6e6);background-image:linear-gradient(#ffffff, #ffffff 25%, #e6e6e6);background-repeat:no-repeat;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#e6e6e6', GradientType=0);border:1px solid #ccc;border-bottom-color:#bbb;-webkit-border-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2),0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2),0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2),0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);cursor:pointer;*margin-left:.3em;}.btn:first-child{*margin-left:0;} +.btn:hover{color:#333333;text-decoration:none;background-color:#e6e6e6;background-position:0 -15px;-webkit-transition:background-position 0.1s linear;-moz-transition:background-position 0.1s linear;-ms-transition:background-position 0.1s linear;-o-transition:background-position 0.1s linear;transition:background-position 0.1s linear;} +.btn:focus{outline:thin dotted;outline:5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;outline-offset:-2px;} +.btn.active,.btn:active{background-image:none;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15),0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15),0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);box-shadow:inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15),0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);background-color:#e6e6e6;background-color:#d9d9d9 \9;color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);outline:0;} 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+.btn-group:after{clear:both;} +.btn-group:first-child{*margin-left:0;} +.btn-group+.btn-group{margin-left:5px;} +.btn-toolbar{margin-top:9px;margin-bottom:9px;}.btn-toolbar .btn-group{display:inline-block;*display:inline;*zoom:1;} +.btn-group .btn{position:relative;float:left;margin-left:-1px;-webkit-border-radius:0;-moz-border-radius:0;border-radius:0;} +.btn-group .btn:first-child{margin-left:0;-webkit-border-top-left-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius-topleft:4px;border-top-left-radius:4px;-webkit-border-bottom-left-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius-bottomleft:4px;border-bottom-left-radius:4px;} +.btn-group .btn:last-child,.btn-group .dropdown-toggle{-webkit-border-top-right-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius-topright:4px;border-top-right-radius:4px;-webkit-border-bottom-right-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius-bottomright:4px;border-bottom-right-radius:4px;} +.btn-group .btn.large:first-child{margin-left:0;-webkit-border-top-left-radius:6px;-moz-border-radius-topleft:6px;border-top-left-radius:6px;-webkit-border-bottom-left-radius:6px;-moz-border-radius-bottomleft:6px;border-bottom-left-radius:6px;} +.btn-group .btn.large:last-child,.btn-group .large.dropdown-toggle{-webkit-border-top-right-radius:6px;-moz-border-radius-topright:6px;border-top-right-radius:6px;-webkit-border-bottom-right-radius:6px;-moz-border-radius-bottomright:6px;border-bottom-right-radius:6px;} +.btn-group .btn:hover,.btn-group .btn:focus,.btn-group .btn:active,.btn-group .btn.active{z-index:2;} +.btn-group .dropdown-toggle:active,.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle{outline:0;} +.btn-group .dropdown-toggle{padding-left:8px;padding-right:8px;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 1px 0 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.125),inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2),0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);-moz-box-shadow:inset 1px 0 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.125),inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2),0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);box-shadow:inset 1px 0 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.125),inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2),0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);*padding-top:5px;*padding-bottom:5px;} +.btn-group.open{*z-index:1000;}.btn-group.open .dropdown-menu{display:block;margin-top:1px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;border-radius:5px;} +.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle{background-image:none;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15),0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15),0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);box-shadow:inset 0 1px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15),0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);} +.btn .caret{margin-top:7px;margin-left:0;} +.btn:hover .caret,.open.btn-group .caret{opacity:1;filter:alpha(opacity=100);} +.btn-primary .caret,.btn-danger .caret,.btn-info .caret,.btn-success .caret{border-top-color:#ffffff;opacity:0.75;filter:alpha(opacity=75);} +.btn-small .caret{margin-top:4px;} +.alert{padding:8px 35px 8px 14px;margin-bottom:18px;text-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);background-color:#fcf8e3;border:1px solid #fbeed5;-webkit-border-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;} +.alert,.alert-heading{color:#c09853;} +.alert .close{position:relative;top:-2px;right:-21px;line-height:18px;} +.alert-success{background-color:#dff0d8;border-color:#d6e9c6;} +.alert-success,.alert-success .alert-heading{color:#468847;} +.alert-danger,.alert-error{background-color:#f2dede;border-color:#eed3d7;} +.alert-danger,.alert-error,.alert-danger .alert-heading,.alert-error .alert-heading{color:#b94a48;} +.alert-info{background-color:#d9edf7;border-color:#bce8f1;} +.alert-info,.alert-info .alert-heading{color:#3a87ad;} +.alert-block{padding-top:14px;padding-bottom:14px;} +.alert-block>p,.alert-block>ul{margin-bottom:0;} +.alert-block p+p{margin-top:5px;} +/*.nav{margin-left:0;margin-bottom:18px;list-style:none;} +.nav>li>a{display:block;} +.nav>li>a:hover{text-decoration:none;background-color:#eeeeee;} +.nav-list{padding-left:14px;padding-right:14px;margin-bottom:0;} +.nav-list>li>a,.nav-list .nav-header{display:block;padding:3px 15px;margin-left:-15px;margin-right:-15px;text-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);} +.nav-list .nav-header{font-size:11px;font-weight:bold;line-height:18px;color:#999999;text-transform:uppercase;} +.nav-list>li+.nav-header{margin-top:9px;} +.nav-list .active>a{color:#ffffff;text-shadow:0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);background-color:#0088cc;} +.nav-list .icon{margin-right:2px;}*/ +/*.nav-tabs,.nav-pills{*zoom:1;}.nav-tabs:before,.nav-pills:before,.nav-tabs:after,.nav-pills:after{display:table;content:"";} +.nav-tabs:after,.nav-pills:after{clear:both;} +.nav-tabs>li,.nav-pills>li{float:left;} +.nav-tabs>li>a,.nav-pills>li>a{padding-right:12px;padding-left:12px;margin-right:2px;line-height:14px;} +.nav-tabs{border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;} +.nav-tabs>li{margin-bottom:-1px;} +.nav-tabs>li>a{padding-top:9px;padding-bottom:9px;border:1px solid transparent;-webkit-border-radius:4px 4px 0 0;-moz-border-radius:4px 4px 0 0;border-radius:4px 4px 0 0;}.nav-tabs>li>a:hover{border-color:#eeeeee #eeeeee #dddddd;} +.nav-tabs>.active>a,.nav-tabs>.active>a:hover{color:#555555;background-color:#ffffff;border:1px solid #ddd;border-bottom-color:transparent;cursor:default;} +.nav-pills>li>a{padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:8px;margin-top:2px;margin-bottom:2px;-webkit-border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;border-radius:5px;} +.nav-pills .active>a,.nav-pills .active>a:hover{color:#ffffff;background-color:#0088cc;} +*//*.nav-stacked>li{float:none;} +.nav-stacked>li>a{margin-right:0;} +.nav-tabs.nav-stacked{border-bottom:0;} +.nav-tabs.nav-stacked>li>a{border:1px solid #ddd;-webkit-border-radius:0;-moz-border-radius:0;border-radius:0;} +.nav-tabs.nav-stacked>li:first-child>a{-webkit-border-radius:4px 4px 0 0;-moz-border-radius:4px 4px 0 0;border-radius:4px 4px 0 0;} +.nav-tabs.nav-stacked>li:last-child>a{-webkit-border-radius:0 0 4px 4px;-moz-border-radius:0 0 4px 4px;border-radius:0 0 4px 4px;} +.nav-tabs.nav-stacked>li>a:hover{border-color:#ddd;z-index:2;} +.nav-pills.nav-stacked>li>a{margin-bottom:3px;} +.nav-pills.nav-stacked>li:last-child>a{margin-bottom:1px;} +.nav-tabs .dropdown-menu,.nav-pills .dropdown-menu{margin-top:1px;border-width:1px;} +.nav-pills .dropdown-menu{-webkit-border-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;} +.nav-tabs .dropdown-toggle .caret,.nav-pills .dropdown-toggle .caret{border-top-color:#0088cc;margin-top:6px;} +.nav-tabs .dropdown-toggle:hover .caret,.nav-pills .dropdown-toggle:hover .caret{border-top-color:#005580;} +.nav-tabs .active .dropdown-toggle .caret,.nav-pills .active .dropdown-toggle .caret{border-top-color:#333333;} +*//*.nav>.dropdown.active>a:hover{color:#000000;cursor:pointer;} +.nav-tabs .open .dropdown-toggle,.nav-pills .open .dropdown-toggle,.nav>.open.active>a:hover{color:#ffffff;background-color:#999999;border-color:#999999;} +.nav .open .caret,.nav 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.btn,.navbar .btn-group{margin-top:5px;} +.navbar .btn-group .btn{margin-top:0;} +.navbar-form{margin-bottom:0;*zoom:1;}.navbar-form:before,.navbar-form:after{display:table;content:"";} +.navbar-form:after{clear:both;} +.navbar-form input,.navbar-form select{display:inline-block;margin-top:5px;margin-bottom:0;} +.navbar-form .radio,.navbar-form .checkbox{margin-top:5px;} +.navbar-form input[type="image"],.navbar-form input[type="checkbox"],.navbar-form input[type="radio"]{margin-top:3px;} +.navbar-search{position:relative;float:left;margin-top:6px;margin-bottom:0;}.navbar-search .search-query{padding:4px 9px;font-family:"Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:normal;line-height:1;color:#ffffff;color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);background:#666;background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);border:1px solid #111;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1),0 1px 0px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1),0 1px 0px rgba(255, 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solid #ccc;border-bottom-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);position:absolute;top:-7px;left:9px;} +.navbar .dropdown-menu:after{content:'';display:inline-block;border-left:6px solid transparent;border-right:6px solid transparent;border-bottom:6px solid #ffffff;position:absolute;top:-6px;left:10px;} +.navbar .nav .dropdown-toggle .caret,.navbar .nav .open.dropdown .caret{border-top-color:#ffffff;} +.navbar .nav .active .caret{opacity:1;filter:alpha(opacity=100);} +.navbar .nav .open>.dropdown-toggle,.navbar .nav .active>.dropdown-toggle,.navbar .nav .open.active>.dropdown-toggle{background-color:transparent;} +.navbar .nav .active>.dropdown-toggle:hover{color:#ffffff;} +.navbar .nav.pull-right .dropdown-menu{left:auto;right:0;}.navbar .nav.pull-right .dropdown-menu:before{left:auto;right:12px;} +.navbar .nav.pull-right .dropdown-menu:after{left:auto;right:13px;} +.breadcrumb{padding:7px 14px;margin:0 0 18px;background-color:#fbfbfb;background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #f5f5f5);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #f5f5f5);background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#ffffff), to(#f5f5f5));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #f5f5f5);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #f5f5f5);background-image:linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #f5f5f5);background-repeat:repeat-x;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#f5f5f5', GradientType=0);border:1px solid #ddd;-webkit-border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;}.breadcrumb li{display:inline;text-shadow:0 1px 0 #ffffff;} +.breadcrumb .divider{padding:0 5px;color:#999999;} +.breadcrumb .active a{color:#333333;} +.pagination{height:36px;margin:18px 0;} +.pagination ul{display:inline-block;*display:inline;*zoom:1;margin-left:0;margin-bottom:0;-webkit-border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);-moz-box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);} +.pagination li{display:inline;} +.pagination a{float:left;padding:0 14px;line-height:34px;text-decoration:none;border:1px solid #ddd;border-left-width:0;} +.pagination a:hover,.pagination .active a{background-color:#f5f5f5;} +.pagination .active a{color:#999999;cursor:default;} +.pagination .disabled a,.pagination .disabled a:hover{color:#999999;background-color:transparent;cursor:default;} +.pagination li:first-child a{border-left-width:1px;-webkit-border-radius:3px 0 0 3px;-moz-border-radius:3px 0 0 3px;border-radius:3px 0 0 3px;} +.pagination li:last-child a{-webkit-border-radius:0 3px 3px 0;-moz-border-radius:0 3px 3px 0;border-radius:0 3px 3px 0;} +.pagination-centered{text-align:center;} +.pagination-right{text-align:right;} +.pager{margin-left:0;margin-bottom:18px;list-style:none;text-align:center;*zoom:1;}.pager:before,.pager:after{display:table;content:"";} +.pager:after{clear:both;} +.pager li{display:inline;} +.pager a{display:inline-block;padding:5px 14px;background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #ddd;-webkit-border-radius:15px;-moz-border-radius:15px;border-radius:15px;} +.pager a:hover{text-decoration:none;background-color:#f5f5f5;} +.pager .next a{float:right;} +.pager .previous a{float:left;} +.modal-open .dropdown-menu{z-index:2050;} +.modal-open .dropdown.open{*z-index:2050;} +.modal-open .popover{z-index:2060;} +.modal-open .tooltip{z-index:2070;} +.modal-backdrop{position:fixed;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;left:0;z-index:1040;background-color:#000000;}.modal-backdrop.fade{opacity:0;} +.modal-backdrop,.modal-backdrop.fade.in{opacity:0.8;filter:alpha(opacity=80);} +.modal{position:fixed;top:50%;left:50%;z-index:1050;max-height:500px;overflow:auto;width:560px;margin:-250px 0 0 -280px;background-color:#ffffff;border:1px solid #999;border:1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);*border:1px solid #999;-webkit-border-radius:6px;-moz-border-radius:6px;border-radius:6px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);-moz-box-shadow:0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);box-shadow:0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);-webkit-background-clip:padding-box;-moz-background-clip:padding-box;background-clip:padding-box;}.modal.fade{-webkit-transition:opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;-moz-transition:opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;-ms-transition:opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;-o-transition:opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;transition:opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;top:-25%;} +.modal.fade.in{top:50%;} +.modal-header{padding:9px 15px;border-bottom:1px solid #eee;}.modal-header .close{margin-top:2px;} +.modal-body{padding:15px;} +.modal-footer{padding:14px 15px 15px;margin-bottom:0;background-color:#f5f5f5;border-top:1px solid #ddd;-webkit-border-radius:0 0 6px 6px;-moz-border-radius:0 0 6px 6px;border-radius:0 0 6px 6px;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;box-shadow:inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;*zoom:1;}.modal-footer:before,.modal-footer:after{display:table;content:"";} +.modal-footer:after{clear:both;} +.modal-footer .btn{float:right;margin-left:5px;margin-bottom:0;} +.tooltip{position:absolute;z-index:1020;display:block;visibility:visible;padding:5px;font-size:11px;opacity:0;filter:alpha(opacity=0);}.tooltip.in{opacity:0.8;filter:alpha(opacity=80);} +.tooltip.top{margin-top:-2px;} +.tooltip.right{margin-left:2px;} +.tooltip.bottom{margin-top:2px;} +.tooltip.left{margin-left:-2px;} +.tooltip.top .tooltip-arrow{bottom:0;left:50%;margin-left:-5px;border-left:5px solid transparent;border-right:5px solid transparent;border-top:5px solid #000000;} +.tooltip.left .tooltip-arrow{top:50%;right:0;margin-top:-5px;border-top:5px solid transparent;border-bottom:5px solid transparent;border-left:5px solid #000000;} +.tooltip.bottom .tooltip-arrow{top:0;left:50%;margin-left:-5px;border-left:5px solid transparent;border-right:5px solid transparent;border-bottom:5px solid #000000;} +.tooltip.right .tooltip-arrow{top:50%;left:0;margin-top:-5px;border-top:5px solid transparent;border-bottom:5px solid transparent;border-right:5px solid #000000;} +.tooltip-inner{max-width:200px;padding:3px 8px;color:#ffffff;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;background-color:#000000;-webkit-border-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;} +.tooltip-arrow{position:absolute;width:0;height:0;} +.popover{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;z-index:1010;display:none;padding:5px;}.popover.top{margin-top:-5px;} +.popover.right{margin-left:5px;} +.popover.bottom{margin-top:5px;} +.popover.left{margin-left:-5px;} +.popover.top .arrow{bottom:0;left:50%;margin-left:-5px;border-left:5px solid transparent;border-right:5px solid transparent;border-top:5px solid #000000;} +.popover.right .arrow{top:50%;left:0;margin-top:-5px;border-top:5px solid transparent;border-bottom:5px solid transparent;border-right:5px solid #000000;} +.popover.bottom .arrow{top:0;left:50%;margin-left:-5px;border-left:5px solid transparent;border-right:5px solid transparent;border-bottom:5px solid #000000;} +.popover.left .arrow{top:50%;right:0;margin-top:-5px;border-top:5px solid transparent;border-bottom:5px solid transparent;border-left:5px solid #000000;} +.popover .arrow{position:absolute;width:0;height:0;} +.popover-inner{padding:3px;width:280px;overflow:hidden;background:#000000;background:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);-webkit-border-radius:6px;-moz-border-radius:6px;border-radius:6px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);-moz-box-shadow:0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);box-shadow:0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);} +.popover-title{padding:9px 15px;line-height:1;background-color:#f5f5f5;border-bottom:1px solid #eee;-webkit-border-radius:3px 3px 0 0;-moz-border-radius:3px 3px 0 0;border-radius:3px 3px 0 0;} +.popover-content{padding:14px;background-color:#ffffff;-webkit-border-radius:0 0 3px 3px;-moz-border-radius:0 0 3px 3px;border-radius:0 0 3px 3px;-webkit-background-clip:padding-box;-moz-background-clip:padding-box;background-clip:padding-box;}.popover-content p,.popover-content ul,.popover-content ol{margin-bottom:0;} +.thumbnails{margin-left:-20px;list-style:none;*zoom:1;}.thumbnails:before,.thumbnails:after{display:table;content:"";} +.thumbnails:after{clear:both;} +.thumbnails>li{float:left;margin:0 0 18px 20px;} +.thumbnail{display:block;padding:4px;line-height:1;border:1px solid #ddd;-webkit-border-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);-moz-box-shadow:0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);box-shadow:0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);} 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0.25);background-color:#0e90d2;background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(top, #149bdf, #0480be);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(top, #149bdf, #0480be);background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#149bdf), to(#0480be));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, #149bdf, #0480be);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(top, #149bdf, #0480be);background-image:linear-gradient(top, #149bdf, #0480be);background-repeat:repeat-x;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#149bdf', endColorstr='#0480be', GradientType=0);-webkit-box-shadow:inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);-moz-box-shadow:inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);box-shadow:inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-transition:width 0.6s ease;-moz-transition:width 0.6s ease;-ms-transition:width 0.6s ease;-o-transition:width 0.6s ease;transition:width 0.6s ease;} +.progress-striped .bar{background-color:#62c462;background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);-webkit-background-size:40px 40px;-moz-background-size:40px 40px;-o-background-size:40px 40px;background-size:40px 40px;} +.progress.active .bar{-webkit-animation:progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;-moz-animation:progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;animation:progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;} +.progress-danger .bar{background-color:#dd514c;background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#ee5f5b), to(#c43c35));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);background-image:linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);background-repeat:repeat-x;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ee5f5b', endColorstr='#c43c35', GradientType=0);} +.progress-danger.progress-striped .bar{background-color:#ee5f5b;background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);} +.progress-success .bar{background-color:#5eb95e;background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#62c462), to(#57a957));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);background-image:linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);background-repeat:repeat-x;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#62c462', endColorstr='#57a957', GradientType=0);} +.progress-success.progress-striped .bar{background-color:#62c462;background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);} +.progress-info .bar{background-color:#4bb1cf;background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#5bc0de), to(#339bb9));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);background-image:linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);background-repeat:repeat-x;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#5bc0de', endColorstr='#339bb9', GradientType=0);} +.progress-info.progress-striped .bar{background-color:#5bc0de;background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);background-image:linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);} +.accordion{margin-bottom:18px;} +.accordion-group{margin-bottom:2px;border:1px solid #e5e5e5;-webkit-border-radius:4px;-moz-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;} +.accordion-heading{border-bottom:0;} +.accordion-heading .accordion-toggle{display:block;padding:8px 15px;} +.accordion-inner{padding:9px 15px;border-top:1px solid #e5e5e5;} +.carousel{position:relative;margin-bottom:18px;line-height:1;} +.carousel-inner{overflow:hidden;width:100%;position:relative;} +.carousel .item{display:none;position:relative;-webkit-transition:0.6s ease-in-out left;-moz-transition:0.6s ease-in-out left;-ms-transition:0.6s ease-in-out left;-o-transition:0.6s ease-in-out left;transition:0.6s ease-in-out left;} +.carousel .item>img{display:block;line-height:1;} +.carousel .active,.carousel .next,.carousel .prev{display:block;} +.carousel .active{left:0;} +.carousel .next,.carousel .prev{position:absolute;top:0;width:100%;} +.carousel .next{left:100%;} +.carousel .prev{left:-100%;} +.carousel .next.left,.carousel .prev.right{left:0;} +.carousel .active.left{left:-100%;} +.carousel .active.right{left:100%;} +.carousel-control{position:absolute;top:40%;left:15px;width:40px;height:40px;margin-top:-20px;font-size:60px;font-weight:100;line-height:30px;color:#ffffff;text-align:center;background:#222222;border:3px solid #ffffff;-webkit-border-radius:23px;-moz-border-radius:23px;border-radius:23px;opacity:0.5;filter:alpha(opacity=50);}.carousel-control.right{left:auto;right:15px;} +.carousel-control:hover{color:#ffffff;text-decoration:none;opacity:0.9;filter:alpha(opacity=90);} +.carousel-caption{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;padding:10px 15px 5px;background:#333333;background:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75);} +.carousel-caption h4,.carousel-caption p{color:#ffffff;} +.hero-unit{padding:60px;margin-bottom:30px;background-color:#f5f5f5;-webkit-border-radius:6px;-moz-border-radius:6px;border-radius:6px;}.hero-unit h1{margin-bottom:0;font-size:60px;line-height:1;letter-spacing:-1px;} +.hero-unit p{font-size:18px;font-weight:200;line-height:27px;} +.pull-right{float:right;} +.pull-left{float:left;} +.hide{display:none;} +.show{display:block;} +.invisible{visibility:hidden;} +.inline-block{display:inline-block;*display:inline;*zoom:1;} +/*body{background:transparent url("img/bg.png") repeat;font:14px ubuntu,tahoma,"sans-seriff";padding-top:20px;line-height:24px;color:#4f5d66;} +p{font:14px/23px ubuntu,tahoma,"sans-seriff";} +a{color:#3086cb;} +address{font:italic 15px consolas,monaco,monospace,sans-serif;} +*/pre address{font-size:100%;} +/*h1{color:#4F5D66;font-weight:normal;font-size:29px;text-shadow:0 1px #d2d6d8;text-shadow:0 1px -2px #d2d6d8;} +h2{color:#999;font-size:20px;font-weight:normal;font-variant:small-caps;line-height:30px;text-shadow:0 1px #fefefe;text-shadow:0 1px -5px #fefefe;}h2 .btn{color:#3086cb;float:right;font-size:12px;font-variant:normal;line-height:12px;-webkit-border-radius:10px;-moz-border-radius:10px;border-radius:10px;background-color:#e9e9e9;background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(top, #f1f1f1, #dddddd);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(top, #f1f1f1, #dddddd);background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#f1f1f1), to(#dddddd));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, #f1f1f1, #dddddd);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(top, #f1f1f1, #dddddd);background-image:linear-gradient(top, #f1f1f1, #dddddd);background-repeat:repeat-x;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#f1f1f1', endColorstr='#dddddd', GradientType=0);border-color:#dddddd #dddddd #b7b7b7;border-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);border-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);-moz-box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);padding:3px 13px 4px;}h2 .btn:hover,h2 .btn:active,h2 .btn.active,h2 .btn.disabled,h2 .btn[disabled]{background-color:#dddddd;} +h2 .btn:active,h2 .btn.active{background-color:#c4c4c4 \9;} +*//*pre,code{font:14px 'Inconsolata',consolas,monaco,monospace;border:none;} +*/.footnote{margin-top:10px;white-space:normal;font-size:12px;line-height:12px;} +.btn{color:#4f5d66;}.btn.btn-primary{background-color:#3ca6e7;background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(top, #44b3f5, #2f93d3);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(top, #44b3f5, #2f93d3);background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#44b3f5), to(#2f93d3));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, #44b3f5, #2f93d3);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(top, #44b3f5, #2f93d3);background-image:linear-gradient(top, #44b3f5, #2f93d3);background-repeat:repeat-x;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#44b3f5', endColorstr='#2f93d3', GradientType=0);border-color:#2f93d3 #2f93d3 #206896;border-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);text-shadow:0 1px #777;text-shadow:0 1px 1px #777;color:#ffffff;}.btn.btn-primary:hover,.btn.btn-primary:active,.btn.btn-primary.active,.btn.btn-primary.disabled,.btn.btn-primary[disabled]{background-color:#2f93d3;} +.btn.btn-primary:active,.btn.btn-primary.active{background-color:#2476ab \9;} +.btn.btn-big{display:block;font-size:16px;font-weight:bold;line-height:30px;text-align:center;} +.btn-hover{text-decoration:none;background-color:#E6E6E6;background-position:0 -15px;-webkit-transition:background-position 0.1s linear;-moz-transition:background-position 0.1s linear;-ms-transition:background-position 0.1s linear;-o-transition:background-position 0.1s linear;transition:background-position 0.1s linear;} +.button-border{border:1px solid #DDD;-webkit-border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;border-radius:5px;padding:5px;background:#ffffff;} +.signup-button{width:220px;} +.barcode{position:absolute;width:161px;height:12px;display:block;background:transparent url("img/barcode.png") no-repeat;right:20px;bottom:10px;} +.stamp{background:url("img/stamp.png") no-repeat 31px 13px;padding:22px 0 18px 82px;} +.envelope-border{height:4px;background:transparent url("img/border.png") repeat-x;-webkit-border-radius:4px 4px;-moz-border-radius:4px 4px;border-radius:4px 4px;} +.paper{-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);-moz-box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);margin-bottom:27px;} +.sheet{background:transparent url("img/paper.png") repeat;} +.cells{border:1px solid #94B6D0;background:transparent url("img/cells-bg.png") repeat 0 100px;} +.flying-email{display:block;width:103px;height:31px;background:transparent url("img/email.png") no-repeat;} +.envelope{background:transparent url("img/white-bg.png") repeat;-webkit-border-radius:5px;-moz-border-radius:5px;border-radius:5px;font-size:14px;margin-bottom:22px;padding-bottom:17px;position:relative;}.envelope h1{margin:40px 0 15px;} +.envelope h2{color:#4f5d66;font-size:18px;font-weight:bold;} +.envelope .heading{text-align:center;background:transparent url("img/pitch.png") no-repeat center;height:116px;text-shadow:1px 1px #fff;text-shadow:1px 1px 1px #fff;}.envelope .heading h1{margin:30px 0 0 0;line-height:33px;} +.envelope .line{width:770px;padding:2px 0 2px 170px;} +.line{width:790px;padding:3px 0 0 150px;margin-top:28px;height:1.9em;font-size:14px;color:#84959d;text-shadow:0 1px #fff;text-shadow:0 1px 1px #fff;border-top:1px solid #e7e7e7;background:transparent url("img/waffle-bg.png") repeat;position:relative;}.line a{text-decoration:underline;} +.line h2{color:#ffffff;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;text-shadow:0 -1px #777777;text-shadow:0 -1px 1px #777777;position:absolute;top:-1px;left:-11px;width:132px;height:100%;padding:0 15px 10px;background:transparent url("img/blue-line.png") no-repeat;} +.logo{display:block;background:transparent url("img/logo.png") 0 24px no-repeat;height:70px;} +.row.home-page{background:transparent url("img/arrow.png") no-repeat 20px -3px;} +.row.pricing-page li.pricing-page,.row.docs-page li.docs-page,.row.blog-page li.blog-page{background:transparent url("img/arrow.png") no-repeat 50% -3px;} +#main-menu{text-align:right;}#main-menu ul{margin:0;font-size:14px;}#main-menu ul li{padding:30px 30px;list-style:none;display:inline-block;*display:inline;*zoom:1;text-align:center;min-width:170px;margin:0 -40px;} +.login{display:block;margin:8px 0 9px 3px;background:transparent url("img/login-mark.png") no-repeat;padding:18px 0 28px 88px;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;text-shadow:0 1px #777;text-shadow:0 1px 1px #777;}.login:hover{color:#fff;} +#header{font-size:16px;min-height:250px;}#header .mg-factory{margin:-19px 0 0 7px;} +#header .factory{height:250px;background:transparent url("img/mg-factory.png") no-repeat 7px -19px;} +#header .signup-button{position:relative;left:-5px;margin:39px 0 29px;} +.features-sheet h3{margin:38px 0 7px;} +.features-sheet p{margin:0;} +.features-sheet ul li{margin:5px 0;} +.features-sheet .radar,.features-sheet .pistol,.features-sheet .server,.features-sheet .track-dashboard{height:270px;} +.features-sheet .radar{background:transparent url("img/mg-radar.png") no-repeat -7px 27px;} +.features-sheet .pistol{background:transparent url("img/mg-pistol.png") no-repeat 46px 9px;} +.features-sheet .server{background:transparent url("img/mg-box.png") no-repeat 130px 8px;} +.features-sheet .track-dashboard{background:transparent url("img/mg-dashboard.png") no-repeat 48px 37px;} +.features-sheet .row{min-height:280px;} +.features-sheet .row:last-child{min-height:277px;} +.customers{-webkit-box-shadow:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;background:transparent url("img/customers-bg.png") no-repeat;height:92px;}.customers >div{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;height:92px;width:920px;padding-left:20px;text-align:left;} +.customers img{max-height:60px;max-width:180px;vertical-align:middle;margin:0 12px;} +/*.subnav{border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;background-color:#f5f5f5;background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(top, #fcfcfc, #eaeaea);background-image:-ms-linear-gradient(top, #fcfcfc, #eaeaea);background-image:-webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#fcfcfc), to(#eaeaea));background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(top, #fcfcfc, #eaeaea);background-image:-o-linear-gradient(top, #fcfcfc, #eaeaea);background-image:linear-gradient(top, #fcfcfc, #eaeaea);background-repeat:repeat-x;filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#fcfcfc', endColorstr='#eaeaea', GradientType=0);}.subnav .nav{margin-bottom:0;}.subnav .nav >li{padding:9px;text-align:center;min-width:60px;display:inline-block;*display:inline;*zoom:1;float:none;}.subnav .nav >li a{margin:0;border:none;font-size:13px;padding:2px 0 5px 0 !important;-webkit-box-shadow:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;color:#4f5d66;background-color:transparent !important;}.subnav .nav >li a:hover{background:none;color:#3086cb;} +.subnav .nav >li.active >a,.subnav .nav >li.active >a:visited,.subnav .nav >li.active >a:active{color:#3086cb;-webkit-box-shadow:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;background:transparent url("img/btn-pressed.png") no-repeat;} +.subnav .nav >li.active >a:hover{margin:0;background:transparent url("img/btn-pressed.png") no-repeat;-webkit-box-shadow:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;color:#3086cb;} +*//*.code-examples{border:1px solid #94B6D0;background:transparent url("img/cells-bg.png") repeat 0 100px;-webkit-border-radius:3px 3px 0 0;-moz-border-radius:3px 3px 0 0;border-radius:3px 3px 0 0;}.code-examples .subnav{border:none;height:auto;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17);-moz-box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17);box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17);-webkit-border-radius:3px 3px 0 0;-moz-border-radius:3px 3px 0 0;border-radius:3px 3px 0 0;}.code-examples .subnav li.dropdown{-webkit-border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;float:right;padding:3px 10px 0;margin:10px 6px 0;}.code-examples .subnav li.dropdown a,.code-examples .subnav li.dropdown a:hover,.code-examples .subnav li.dropdown a:visited,.code-examples .subnav li.dropdown a:active{line-height:10px;font-size:12px;color:#84959d;background:transparent;cursor:default;} +*//*.code-examples .highlight{border:none;background:transparent;margin:0;font-size:15px;min-height:300px;}.code-examples .highlight ol{margin:0 0 0 33px;color:#84959d;}.code-examples .highlight ol li{line-height:23px;}.code-examples .highlight ol li .n,.code-examples .highlight ol li .nx{color:#4f5d66;} +*//*.highlight,.highlight pre{-webkit-border-radius:0;-moz-border-radius:0;border-radius:0;font-family:'Inconsolata',consolas,monaco,monospace;-webkit-box-shadow:inset 32px 0 0 rgba(200, 200, 200, 0.3);-moz-box-shadow:inset 32px 0 0 rgba(200, 200, 200, 0.3);box-shadow:inset 32px 0 0 rgba(200, 200, 200, 0.3);} +*//*.text h1{font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;margin-bottom:20px;} +.text h2{color:#4f5d66;font-size:14px;font-weight:bold;font-variant:normal;margin:15px 0;}*/ +/*.text pre{background:none;border:none;} +*/.invitation{background:transparent url("img/white-bg.png") repeat;-webkit-border-radius:3px;-moz-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;padding:9px 9px 9px 20px;}.invitation >*{display:inline-block;*display:inline;*zoom:1;} +.invitation .article{max-width:480px;} +.invitation h1{color:#4f5d66;font-size:24px;line-height:28px;} +.invitation .flying-email{vertical-align:top;margin:10px 0 0 90px;} +.invitation .signup-button{float:right;} +.site-footer{margin:0;padding:0;border:none;background:transparent url("img/white-bg.png") repeat;-webkit-box-shadow:0 -1px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);-moz-box-shadow:0 -1px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);box-shadow:0 -1px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);min-width:940px;}.site-footer address{margin-top:32px;} +.site-footer .links-bar{margin:18px 0;padding:8px 0 30px;background:transparent url("img/footer.png") no-repeat;}.site-footer .links-bar ul{display:inline-block;*display:inline;*zoom:1;margin:0 0 0 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.highlighted{color:#468847;background:#DFF0D8;border:1px solid #D6E9C6;-webkit-border-radius:2px;-moz-border-radius:2px;border-radius:2px;font-weight:bold;} +.docs .document span.pre{font-weight:bold;} +.docs .document .line{width:auto;padding:0;background:none;border:none;height:auto;color:#4f5d66;margin:0;}*/ diff --git a/_static/doctools.js b/_static/doctools.js new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c7bfe76 --- /dev/null +++ b/_static/doctools.js @@ -0,0 +1,263 @@ +/* + * doctools.js + * ~~~~~~~~~~~ + * + * Sphinx JavaScript utilities for all documentation. + * + * :copyright: Copyright 2007-2015 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS. + * :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details. + * + */ + +/** + * select a different prefix for underscore + */ +$u = _.noConflict(); + +/** + * make the code below compatible with browsers without + * an installed firebug like debugger +if (!window.console || !console.firebug) { + var names = ["log", "debug", "info", "warn", "error", "assert", "dir", + "dirxml", "group", "groupEnd", "time", "timeEnd", "count", "trace", + "profile", "profileEnd"]; + window.console = {}; + for (var i = 0; i < names.length; ++i) + window.console[names[i]] = function() {}; +} + */ + +/** + * small helper function to urldecode strings + */ +jQuery.urldecode = function(x) { + return decodeURIComponent(x).replace(/\+/g, ' '); +}; + +/** + * small helper function to urlencode strings + */ +jQuery.urlencode = encodeURIComponent; + +/** + * This function returns the parsed url parameters of the + * current request. Multiple values per key are supported, + * it will always return arrays of strings for the value parts. + */ +jQuery.getQueryParameters = function(s) { + if (typeof s == 'undefined') + s = document.location.search; + var parts = s.substr(s.indexOf('?') + 1).split('&'); + var result = {}; + for (var i = 0; i < parts.length; i++) { + var tmp = parts[i].split('=', 2); + var key = jQuery.urldecode(tmp[0]); + var value = jQuery.urldecode(tmp[1]); + if (key in result) + result[key].push(value); + else + result[key] = [value]; + } + return result; +}; + +/** + * highlight a given string on a jquery object by wrapping it in + * span elements with the given class name. + */ +jQuery.fn.highlightText = function(text, className) { + function highlight(node) { + if (node.nodeType == 3) { + var val = node.nodeValue; + var pos = val.toLowerCase().indexOf(text); + if (pos >= 0 && !jQuery(node.parentNode).hasClass(className)) { + var span = document.createElement("span"); + span.className = className; + span.appendChild(document.createTextNode(val.substr(pos, text.length))); + node.parentNode.insertBefore(span, node.parentNode.insertBefore( + document.createTextNode(val.substr(pos + text.length)), + node.nextSibling)); + node.nodeValue = val.substr(0, pos); + } + } + else if (!jQuery(node).is("button, select, textarea")) { + jQuery.each(node.childNodes, function() { + highlight(this); + }); + } + } + return this.each(function() { + highlight(this); + }); +}; + +/* + * backward compatibility for jQuery.browser + * This will be supported until firefox bug is fixed. + */ +if (!jQuery.browser) { + jQuery.uaMatch = function(ua) { + ua = ua.toLowerCase(); + + var match = /(chrome)[ \/]([\w.]+)/.exec(ua) || + /(webkit)[ \/]([\w.]+)/.exec(ua) || + /(opera)(?:.*version|)[ \/]([\w.]+)/.exec(ua) || + /(msie) ([\w.]+)/.exec(ua) || + ua.indexOf("compatible") < 0 && /(mozilla)(?:.*? rv:([\w.]+)|)/.exec(ua) || + []; + + return { + browser: match[ 1 ] || "", + version: match[ 2 ] || "0" + }; + }; + jQuery.browser = {}; + jQuery.browser[jQuery.uaMatch(navigator.userAgent).browser] = true; +} + +/** + * Small JavaScript module for the documentation. + */ +var Documentation = { + + init : function() { + this.fixFirefoxAnchorBug(); + this.highlightSearchWords(); + this.initIndexTable(); + }, + + /** + * i18n support + */ + TRANSLATIONS : {}, + PLURAL_EXPR : function(n) { return n == 1 ? 0 : 1; }, + LOCALE : 'unknown', + + // gettext and ngettext don't access this so that the functions + // can safely bound to a different name (_ = Documentation.gettext) + gettext : function(string) { + var translated = Documentation.TRANSLATIONS[string]; + if (typeof translated == 'undefined') + return string; + return (typeof translated == 'string') ? translated : translated[0]; + }, + + ngettext : function(singular, plural, n) { + var translated = Documentation.TRANSLATIONS[singular]; + if (typeof translated == 'undefined') + return (n == 1) ? singular : plural; + return translated[Documentation.PLURALEXPR(n)]; + }, + + addTranslations : function(catalog) { + for (var key in catalog.messages) + this.TRANSLATIONS[key] = catalog.messages[key]; + this.PLURAL_EXPR = new Function('n', 'return +(' + catalog.plural_expr + ')'); + this.LOCALE = catalog.locale; + }, + + /** + * add context elements like header anchor links + */ + addContextElements : function() { + $('div[id] > :header:first').each(function() { + $('\u00B6'). + attr('href', '#' + this.id). + attr('title', _('Permalink to this headline')). + appendTo(this); + }); + $('dt[id]').each(function() { + $('\u00B6'). + attr('href', '#' + this.id). + attr('title', _('Permalink to this definition')). + appendTo(this); + }); + }, + + /** + * workaround a firefox stupidity + * see: https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=645075 + */ + fixFirefoxAnchorBug : function() { + if (document.location.hash) + window.setTimeout(function() { + document.location.href += ''; + }, 10); + }, + + /** + * highlight the search words provided in the url in the text + */ + highlightSearchWords : function() { + var params = $.getQueryParameters(); + var terms = (params.highlight) ? params.highlight[0].split(/\s+/) : []; + if (terms.length) { + var body = $('div.body'); + if (!body.length) { + body = $('body'); + } + window.setTimeout(function() { + $.each(terms, function() { + body.highlightText(this.toLowerCase(), 'highlighted'); + }); + }, 10); + $('

' + _('Hide Search Matches') + '

') + .appendTo($('#searchbox')); + } + }, + + /** + * init the domain index toggle buttons + */ + initIndexTable : function() { + var togglers = $('img.toggler').click(function() { + var src = $(this).attr('src'); + var idnum = $(this).attr('id').substr(7); + $('tr.cg-' + idnum).toggle(); + if (src.substr(-9) == 'minus.png') + $(this).attr('src', src.substr(0, src.length-9) + 'plus.png'); + else + $(this).attr('src', src.substr(0, src.length-8) + 'minus.png'); + }).css('display', ''); + if (DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.COLLAPSE_INDEX) { + togglers.click(); + } + }, + + /** + * helper function to hide the search marks again + */ + hideSearchWords : function() { + $('#searchbox .highlight-link').fadeOut(300); + $('span.highlighted').removeClass('highlighted'); + }, + + /** + * make the url absolute + */ + makeURL : function(relativeURL) { + return DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS.URL_ROOT + '/' + relativeURL; + }, + + /** + * get the current relative url + */ + getCurrentURL : function() { + var path = 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+/*! + * jQuery JavaScript Library v1.11.1 + * http://jquery.com/ + * + * Includes Sizzle.js + * http://sizzlejs.com/ + * + * Copyright 2005, 2014 jQuery Foundation, Inc. and other contributors + * Released under the MIT license + * http://jquery.org/license + * + * Date: 2014-05-01T17:42Z + */ + +(function( global, factory ) { + + if ( typeof module === "object" && typeof module.exports === "object" ) { + // For CommonJS and CommonJS-like environments where a proper window is present, + // execute the factory and get jQuery + // For environments that do not inherently posses a window with a document + // (such as Node.js), expose a jQuery-making factory as module.exports + // This accentuates the need for the creation of a real window + // e.g. var jQuery = require("jquery")(window); + // See ticket #14549 for more info + module.exports = global.document ? + factory( global, true ) : + function( w ) { + if ( !w.document ) { + throw new Error( "jQuery requires a window with a document" ); + } + return factory( w ); + }; + } else { + factory( global ); + } + +// Pass this if window is not defined yet +}(typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : this, function( window, noGlobal ) { + +// Can't do this because several apps including ASP.NET trace +// the stack via arguments.caller.callee and Firefox dies if +// you try to trace through "use strict" call chains. (#13335) +// Support: Firefox 18+ +// + +var deletedIds = []; + +var slice = deletedIds.slice; + +var concat = deletedIds.concat; + +var push = deletedIds.push; + +var indexOf = deletedIds.indexOf; + +var class2type = {}; + +var toString = class2type.toString; + +var hasOwn = class2type.hasOwnProperty; + +var support = {}; + + + +var + version = "1.11.1", + + // Define a local copy of jQuery + jQuery = function( selector, context ) { + // The jQuery object is actually just the init constructor 'enhanced' + // Need init if jQuery is called (just allow error to be thrown if not included) + return new jQuery.fn.init( selector, context ); + }, + + // Support: Android<4.1, IE<9 + // Make sure we trim BOM and NBSP + rtrim = /^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g, + + // Matches dashed string for camelizing + rmsPrefix = /^-ms-/, + rdashAlpha = /-([\da-z])/gi, + + // Used by jQuery.camelCase as callback to replace() + fcamelCase = function( all, letter ) { + return letter.toUpperCase(); + }; + +jQuery.fn = jQuery.prototype = { + // The current version of jQuery being used + jquery: version, + + constructor: jQuery, + + // Start with an empty selector + selector: "", + + // The default length of a jQuery object is 0 + length: 0, + + toArray: function() { + return slice.call( this ); + }, + + // Get the Nth element in the matched element set OR + // Get the whole matched element set as a clean array + get: function( num ) { + return num != null ? + + // Return just the one element from the set + ( num < 0 ? this[ num + this.length ] : this[ num ] ) : + + // Return all the elements in a clean array + slice.call( this ); + }, + + // Take an array of elements and push it onto the stack + // (returning the new matched element set) + pushStack: function( elems ) { + + // Build a new jQuery matched element set + var ret = jQuery.merge( this.constructor(), elems ); + + // Add the old object onto the stack (as a reference) + ret.prevObject = this; + ret.context = this.context; + + // Return the newly-formed element set + return ret; + }, + + // Execute a callback for every element in the matched set. + // (You can seed the arguments with an array of args, but this is + // only used internally.) + each: function( callback, args ) { + return jQuery.each( this, callback, args ); + }, + + map: function( callback ) { + return this.pushStack( jQuery.map(this, function( elem, i ) { + return callback.call( elem, i, elem ); + })); + }, + + slice: function() { + return this.pushStack( slice.apply( this, arguments ) ); + }, + + first: function() { + return this.eq( 0 ); + }, + + last: function() { + return this.eq( -1 ); + }, + + eq: function( i ) { + var len = this.length, + j = +i + ( i < 0 ? len : 0 ); + return this.pushStack( j >= 0 && j < len ? [ this[j] ] : [] ); + }, + + end: function() { + return this.prevObject || this.constructor(null); + }, + + // For internal use only. + // Behaves like an Array's method, not like a jQuery method. + push: push, + sort: deletedIds.sort, + splice: deletedIds.splice +}; + +jQuery.extend = jQuery.fn.extend = function() { + var src, copyIsArray, copy, name, options, clone, + target = arguments[0] || {}, + i = 1, + length = arguments.length, + deep = false; + + // Handle a deep copy situation + if ( typeof target === "boolean" ) { + deep = target; + + // skip the boolean and the target + target = arguments[ i ] || {}; + i++; + } + + // Handle case when target is a string or something (possible in deep copy) + if ( typeof target !== "object" && !jQuery.isFunction(target) ) { + target = {}; + } + + // extend jQuery itself if only one argument is passed + if ( i === length ) { + target = this; + i--; + } + + for ( ; i < length; i++ ) { + // Only deal with non-null/undefined values + if ( (options = arguments[ i ]) != null ) { + // Extend the base object + for ( name in options ) { + src = target[ name ]; + copy = options[ name ]; + + // Prevent never-ending loop + if ( target === copy ) { + continue; + } + + // Recurse if we're merging plain objects or arrays + if ( deep && copy && ( jQuery.isPlainObject(copy) || (copyIsArray = jQuery.isArray(copy)) ) ) { + if ( copyIsArray ) { + copyIsArray = false; + clone = src && jQuery.isArray(src) ? src : []; + + } else { + clone = src && jQuery.isPlainObject(src) ? src : {}; + } + + // Never move original objects, clone them + target[ name ] = jQuery.extend( deep, clone, copy ); + + // Don't bring in undefined values + } else if ( copy !== undefined ) { + target[ name ] = copy; + } + } + } + } + + // Return the modified object + return target; +}; + +jQuery.extend({ + // Unique for each copy of jQuery on the page + expando: "jQuery" + ( version + Math.random() ).replace( /\D/g, "" ), + + // Assume jQuery is ready without the ready module + isReady: true, + + error: function( msg ) { + throw new Error( msg ); + }, + + noop: function() {}, + + // See test/unit/core.js for details concerning isFunction. + // Since version 1.3, DOM methods and functions like alert + // aren't supported. They return false on IE (#2968). + isFunction: function( obj ) { + return jQuery.type(obj) === "function"; + }, + + isArray: Array.isArray || function( obj ) { + return jQuery.type(obj) === "array"; + }, + + isWindow: function( obj ) { + /* jshint eqeqeq: false */ + return obj != null && obj == obj.window; + }, + + isNumeric: function( obj ) { + // parseFloat NaNs numeric-cast false positives (null|true|false|"") + // ...but misinterprets leading-number strings, particularly hex literals ("0x...") + // subtraction forces infinities to NaN + return !jQuery.isArray( obj ) && obj - parseFloat( obj ) >= 0; + }, + + isEmptyObject: function( obj ) { + var name; + for ( name in obj ) { + return false; + } + return true; + }, + + isPlainObject: function( obj ) { + var key; + + // Must be an Object. + // Because of IE, we also have to check the presence of the constructor property. + // Make sure that DOM nodes and window objects don't pass through, as well + if ( !obj || jQuery.type(obj) !== "object" || obj.nodeType || jQuery.isWindow( obj ) ) { + return false; + } + + try { + // Not own constructor property must be Object + if ( obj.constructor && + !hasOwn.call(obj, "constructor") && + !hasOwn.call(obj.constructor.prototype, "isPrototypeOf") ) { + return false; + } + } catch ( e ) { + // IE8,9 Will throw exceptions on certain host objects #9897 + return false; + } + + // Support: IE<9 + // Handle iteration over inherited properties before own properties. + if ( support.ownLast ) { + for ( key in obj ) { + return hasOwn.call( obj, key ); + } + } + + // Own properties are enumerated firstly, so to speed up, + // if last one is own, then all properties are own. + for ( key in obj ) {} + + return key === undefined || hasOwn.call( obj, key ); + }, + + type: function( obj ) { + if ( obj == null ) { + return obj + ""; + } + return typeof obj === "object" || typeof obj === "function" ? + class2type[ toString.call(obj) ] || "object" : + typeof obj; + }, + + // Evaluates a script in a global context + // Workarounds based on findings by Jim Driscoll + // http://weblogs.java.net/blog/driscoll/archive/2009/09/08/eval-javascript-global-context + globalEval: function( data ) { + if ( data && jQuery.trim( data ) ) { + // We use execScript on Internet Explorer + // We use an anonymous function so that context is window + // rather than jQuery in Firefox + ( window.execScript || function( data ) { + window[ "eval" ].call( window, data ); + } )( data ); + } + }, + + // Convert dashed to camelCase; used by the css and data modules + // Microsoft forgot to hump their vendor prefix (#9572) + camelCase: function( string ) { + return string.replace( rmsPrefix, "ms-" ).replace( rdashAlpha, fcamelCase ); + }, + + nodeName: function( elem, name ) { + return elem.nodeName && elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() === name.toLowerCase(); + }, + + // args is for internal usage only + each: function( obj, callback, args ) { + var value, + i = 0, + length = obj.length, + isArray = isArraylike( obj ); + + if ( args ) { + if ( isArray ) { + for ( ; i < length; i++ ) { + value = callback.apply( obj[ i ], args ); + + if ( value === false ) { + break; + } + } + } else { + for ( i in obj ) { + value = callback.apply( obj[ i ], args ); + + if ( value === false ) { + break; + } + } + } + + // A special, fast, case for the most common use of each + } else { + if ( isArray ) { + for ( ; i < length; i++ ) { + value = callback.call( obj[ i ], i, obj[ i ] ); + + if ( value === false ) { + break; + } + } + } else { + for ( i in obj ) { + value = callback.call( obj[ i ], i, obj[ i ] ); + + if ( value === false ) { + break; + } + } + } + } + + return obj; + }, + + // Support: Android<4.1, IE<9 + trim: function( text ) { + return text == null ? + "" : + ( text + "" ).replace( rtrim, "" ); + }, + + // results is for internal usage only + makeArray: function( arr, results ) { + var ret = results || []; + + if ( arr != null ) { + if ( isArraylike( Object(arr) ) ) { + jQuery.merge( ret, + typeof arr === "string" ? + [ arr ] : arr + ); + } else { + push.call( ret, arr ); + } + } + + return ret; + }, + + inArray: function( elem, arr, i ) { + var len; + + if ( arr ) { + if ( indexOf ) { + return indexOf.call( arr, elem, i ); + } + + len = arr.length; + i = i ? i < 0 ? Math.max( 0, len + i ) : i : 0; + + for ( ; i < len; i++ ) { + // Skip accessing in sparse arrays + if ( i in arr && arr[ i ] === elem ) { + return i; + } + } + } + + return -1; + }, + + merge: function( first, second ) { + var len = +second.length, + j = 0, + i = first.length; + + while ( j < len ) { + first[ i++ ] = second[ j++ ]; + } + + // Support: IE<9 + // Workaround casting of .length to NaN on otherwise arraylike objects (e.g., NodeLists) + if ( len !== len ) { + while ( second[j] !== undefined ) { + first[ i++ ] = second[ j++ ]; + } + } + + first.length = i; + + return first; + }, + + grep: function( elems, callback, invert ) { + var callbackInverse, + matches = [], + i = 0, + length = elems.length, + callbackExpect = !invert; + + // Go through the array, only saving the items + // that pass the validator function + for ( ; i < length; i++ ) { + callbackInverse = !callback( elems[ i ], i ); + if ( callbackInverse !== callbackExpect ) { + matches.push( elems[ i ] ); + } + } + + return matches; + }, + + // arg is for internal usage only + map: function( elems, callback, arg ) { + var value, + i = 0, + length = elems.length, + isArray = isArraylike( elems ), + ret = []; + + // Go through the array, translating each of the items to their new values + if ( isArray ) { + for ( ; i < length; i++ ) { + value = callback( elems[ i ], i, arg ); + + if ( value != null ) { + ret.push( value ); + } + } + + // Go through every key on the object, + } else { + for ( i in elems ) { + value = callback( elems[ i ], i, arg ); + + if ( value != null ) { + ret.push( value ); + } + } + } + + // Flatten any nested arrays + return concat.apply( [], ret ); + }, + + // A global GUID counter for objects + guid: 1, + + // Bind a function to a context, optionally partially applying any + // arguments. + proxy: function( fn, context ) { + var args, proxy, tmp; + + if ( typeof context === "string" ) { + tmp = fn[ context ]; + context = fn; + fn = tmp; + } + + // Quick check to determine if target is callable, in the spec + // this throws a TypeError, but we will just return undefined. + if ( !jQuery.isFunction( fn ) ) { + return undefined; + } + + // Simulated bind + args = slice.call( arguments, 2 ); + proxy = function() { + return fn.apply( context || this, args.concat( slice.call( arguments ) ) ); + }; + + // Set the guid of unique handler to the same of original handler, so it can be removed + proxy.guid = fn.guid = fn.guid || jQuery.guid++; + + return proxy; + }, + + now: function() { + return +( new Date() ); + }, + + // jQuery.support is not used in Core but other projects attach their + // properties to it so it needs to exist. + support: support +}); + +// Populate the class2type map +jQuery.each("Boolean Number String Function Array Date RegExp Object Error".split(" "), function(i, name) { + class2type[ "[object " + name + "]" ] = name.toLowerCase(); +}); + +function isArraylike( obj ) { + var length = obj.length, + type = jQuery.type( obj ); + + if ( type === "function" || jQuery.isWindow( obj ) ) { + return false; + } + + if ( obj.nodeType === 1 && length ) { + return true; + } + + return type === "array" || length === 0 || + typeof length === "number" && length > 0 && ( length - 1 ) in obj; +} +var Sizzle = +/*! + * Sizzle CSS Selector Engine v1.10.19 + * http://sizzlejs.com/ + * + * Copyright 2013 jQuery Foundation, Inc. and other contributors + * Released under the MIT license + * http://jquery.org/license + * + * Date: 2014-04-18 + */ +(function( window ) { + +var i, + support, + Expr, + getText, + isXML, + tokenize, + compile, + select, + outermostContext, + sortInput, + hasDuplicate, + + // Local document vars + setDocument, + document, + docElem, + documentIsHTML, + rbuggyQSA, + rbuggyMatches, + matches, + contains, + + // Instance-specific data + expando = "sizzle" + -(new Date()), + preferredDoc = window.document, + dirruns = 0, + done = 0, + classCache = createCache(), + tokenCache = createCache(), + compilerCache = createCache(), + sortOrder = function( a, b ) { + if ( a === b ) { + hasDuplicate = true; + } + return 0; + }, + + // General-purpose constants + strundefined = typeof undefined, + MAX_NEGATIVE = 1 << 31, + + // Instance methods + hasOwn = ({}).hasOwnProperty, + arr = [], + pop = arr.pop, + push_native = arr.push, + push = arr.push, + slice = arr.slice, + // Use a stripped-down indexOf if we can't use a native one + indexOf = arr.indexOf || function( elem ) { + var i = 0, + len = this.length; + for ( ; i < len; i++ ) { + if ( this[i] === elem ) { + return i; + } + } + return -1; + }, + + booleans = "checked|selected|async|autofocus|autoplay|controls|defer|disabled|hidden|ismap|loop|multiple|open|readonly|required|scoped", + + // Regular expressions + + // Whitespace characters http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#whitespace + whitespace = "[\\x20\\t\\r\\n\\f]", + // http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-syntax/#characters + characterEncoding = "(?:\\\\.|[\\w-]|[^\\x00-\\xa0])+", + + // Loosely modeled on CSS identifier characters + // An unquoted value should be a CSS identifier http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#attribute-selectors + // Proper syntax: http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#value-def-identifier + identifier = characterEncoding.replace( "w", "w#" ), + + // Attribute selectors: http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#attribute-selectors + attributes = "\\[" + whitespace + "*(" + characterEncoding + ")(?:" + whitespace + + // Operator (capture 2) + "*([*^$|!~]?=)" + whitespace + + // "Attribute values must be CSS identifiers [capture 5] or strings [capture 3 or capture 4]" + "*(?:'((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\"|(" + identifier + "))|)" + whitespace + + "*\\]", + + pseudos = ":(" + characterEncoding + ")(?:\\((" + + // To reduce the number of selectors needing tokenize in the preFilter, prefer arguments: + // 1. quoted (capture 3; capture 4 or capture 5) + "('((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\")|" + + // 2. simple (capture 6) + "((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\()[\\]]|" + attributes + ")*)|" + + // 3. anything else (capture 2) + ".*" + + ")\\)|)", + + // Leading and non-escaped trailing whitespace, capturing some non-whitespace characters preceding the latter + rtrim = new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "+|((?:^|[^\\\\])(?:\\\\.)*)" + whitespace + "+$", "g" ), + + rcomma = new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "*," + whitespace + "*" ), + rcombinators = new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "*([>+~]|" + whitespace + ")" + whitespace + "*" ), + + rattributeQuotes = new RegExp( "=" + whitespace + "*([^\\]'\"]*?)" + whitespace + "*\\]", "g" ), + + rpseudo = new RegExp( pseudos ), + ridentifier = new RegExp( "^" + identifier + "$" ), + + matchExpr = { + "ID": new RegExp( "^#(" + characterEncoding + ")" ), + "CLASS": new RegExp( "^\\.(" + characterEncoding + ")" ), + "TAG": new RegExp( "^(" + characterEncoding.replace( "w", "w*" ) + ")" ), + "ATTR": new RegExp( "^" + attributes ), + "PSEUDO": new RegExp( "^" + pseudos ), + "CHILD": new RegExp( "^:(only|first|last|nth|nth-last)-(child|of-type)(?:\\(" + whitespace + + "*(even|odd|(([+-]|)(\\d*)n|)" + whitespace + "*(?:([+-]|)" + whitespace + + "*(\\d+)|))" + whitespace + "*\\)|)", "i" ), + "bool": new RegExp( "^(?:" + booleans + ")$", "i" ), + // For use in libraries implementing .is() + // We use this for POS matching in `select` + "needsContext": new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "*[>+~]|:(even|odd|eq|gt|lt|nth|first|last)(?:\\(" + + whitespace + "*((?:-\\d)?\\d*)" + whitespace + "*\\)|)(?=[^-]|$)", "i" ) + }, + + rinputs = /^(?:input|select|textarea|button)$/i, + rheader = /^h\d$/i, + + rnative = /^[^{]+\{\s*\[native \w/, + + // Easily-parseable/retrievable ID or TAG or CLASS selectors + rquickExpr = /^(?:#([\w-]+)|(\w+)|\.([\w-]+))$/, + + rsibling = /[+~]/, + rescape = /'|\\/g, + + // CSS escapes http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#escaped-characters + runescape = new RegExp( "\\\\([\\da-f]{1,6}" + whitespace + "?|(" + whitespace + ")|.)", "ig" ), + funescape = function( _, escaped, escapedWhitespace ) { + var high = "0x" + escaped - 0x10000; + // NaN means non-codepoint + // Support: Firefox<24 + // Workaround erroneous numeric interpretation of +"0x" + return high !== high || escapedWhitespace ? + escaped : + high < 0 ? + // BMP codepoint + String.fromCharCode( high + 0x10000 ) : + // Supplemental Plane codepoint (surrogate pair) + String.fromCharCode( high >> 10 | 0xD800, high & 0x3FF | 0xDC00 ); + }; + +// Optimize for push.apply( _, NodeList ) +try { + push.apply( + (arr = slice.call( preferredDoc.childNodes )), + preferredDoc.childNodes + ); + // Support: Android<4.0 + // Detect silently failing push.apply + arr[ preferredDoc.childNodes.length ].nodeType; +} catch ( e ) { + push = { apply: arr.length ? + + // Leverage slice if possible + function( target, els ) { + push_native.apply( target, slice.call(els) ); + } : + + // Support: IE<9 + // Otherwise append directly + function( target, els ) { + var j = target.length, + i = 0; + // Can't trust NodeList.length + while ( (target[j++] = els[i++]) ) {} + target.length = j - 1; + } + }; +} + +function Sizzle( selector, context, results, seed ) { + var match, elem, m, nodeType, + // QSA vars + i, groups, old, nid, newContext, newSelector; + + if ( ( context ? context.ownerDocument || context : preferredDoc ) !== document ) { + setDocument( context ); + } + + context = context || document; + results = results || []; + + if ( !selector || typeof selector !== "string" ) { + return results; + } + + if ( (nodeType = context.nodeType) !== 1 && nodeType !== 9 ) { + return []; + } + + if ( documentIsHTML && !seed ) { + + // Shortcuts + if ( (match = rquickExpr.exec( selector )) ) { + // Speed-up: Sizzle("#ID") + if ( (m = match[1]) ) { + if ( nodeType === 9 ) { + elem = context.getElementById( m ); + // Check parentNode to catch when Blackberry 4.6 returns + // nodes that are no longer in the document (jQuery #6963) + if ( elem && elem.parentNode ) { + // Handle the case where IE, Opera, and Webkit return items + // by name instead of ID + if ( elem.id === m ) { + results.push( elem ); + return results; + } + } else { + return results; + } + } else { + // Context is not a document + if ( context.ownerDocument && (elem = context.ownerDocument.getElementById( m )) && + contains( context, elem ) && elem.id === m ) { + results.push( elem ); + return results; + } + } + + // Speed-up: Sizzle("TAG") + } else if ( match[2] ) { + push.apply( results, context.getElementsByTagName( selector ) ); + return results; + + // Speed-up: Sizzle(".CLASS") + } else if ( (m = match[3]) && support.getElementsByClassName && context.getElementsByClassName ) { + push.apply( results, context.getElementsByClassName( m ) ); + return results; + } + } + + // QSA path + if ( support.qsa && (!rbuggyQSA || !rbuggyQSA.test( selector )) ) { + nid = old = expando; + newContext = context; + newSelector = nodeType === 9 && selector; + + // qSA works strangely on Element-rooted queries + // We can work around this by specifying an extra ID on the root + // and working up from there (Thanks to Andrew Dupont for the technique) + // IE 8 doesn't work on object elements + if ( nodeType === 1 && context.nodeName.toLowerCase() !== "object" ) { + groups = tokenize( selector ); + + if ( (old = context.getAttribute("id")) ) { + nid = old.replace( rescape, "\\$&" ); + } else { + context.setAttribute( "id", nid ); + } + nid = "[id='" + nid + "'] "; + + i = groups.length; + while ( i-- ) { + groups[i] = nid + toSelector( groups[i] ); + } + newContext = rsibling.test( selector ) && testContext( context.parentNode ) || context; + newSelector = groups.join(","); + } + + if ( newSelector ) { + try { + push.apply( results, + newContext.querySelectorAll( newSelector ) + ); + return results; + } catch(qsaError) { + } finally { + if ( !old ) { + context.removeAttribute("id"); + } + } + } + } + } + + // All others + return select( selector.replace( rtrim, "$1" ), context, results, seed ); +} + +/** + * Create key-value caches of limited size + * @returns {Function(string, Object)} Returns the Object data after storing it on itself with + * property name the (space-suffixed) string and (if the cache is larger than Expr.cacheLength) + * deleting the oldest entry + */ +function createCache() { + var keys = []; + + function cache( key, value ) { + // Use (key + " ") to avoid collision with native prototype properties (see Issue #157) + if ( keys.push( key + " " ) > Expr.cacheLength ) { + // Only keep the most recent entries + delete cache[ keys.shift() ]; + } + return (cache[ key + " " ] = value); + } + return cache; +} + +/** + * Mark a function for special use by Sizzle + * @param {Function} fn The function to mark + */ +function markFunction( fn ) { + fn[ expando ] = true; + return fn; +} + +/** + * Support testing using an element + * @param {Function} fn Passed the created div and expects a boolean result + */ +function assert( fn ) { + var div = document.createElement("div"); + + try { + return !!fn( div ); + } catch (e) { + return false; + } finally { + // Remove from its parent by default + if ( div.parentNode ) { + div.parentNode.removeChild( div ); + } + // release memory in IE + div = null; + } +} + +/** + * Adds the same handler for all of the specified attrs + * @param {String} attrs Pipe-separated list of attributes + * @param {Function} handler The method that will be applied + */ +function addHandle( attrs, handler ) { + var arr = attrs.split("|"), + i = attrs.length; + + while ( i-- ) { + Expr.attrHandle[ arr[i] ] = handler; + } +} + +/** + * Checks document order of two siblings + * @param {Element} a + * @param {Element} b + * @returns {Number} Returns less than 0 if a precedes b, greater than 0 if a follows b + */ +function siblingCheck( a, b ) { + var cur = b && a, + diff = cur && a.nodeType === 1 && b.nodeType === 1 && + ( ~b.sourceIndex || MAX_NEGATIVE ) - + ( ~a.sourceIndex || MAX_NEGATIVE ); + + // Use IE sourceIndex if available on both nodes + if ( diff ) { + return diff; + } + + // Check if b follows a + if ( cur ) { + while ( (cur = cur.nextSibling) ) { + if ( cur === b ) { + return -1; + } + } + } + + return a ? 1 : -1; +} + +/** + * Returns a function to use in pseudos for input types + * @param {String} type + */ +function createInputPseudo( type ) { + return function( elem ) { + var name = elem.nodeName.toLowerCase(); + return name === "input" && elem.type === type; + }; +} + +/** + * Returns a function to use in pseudos for buttons + * @param {String} type + */ +function createButtonPseudo( type ) { + return function( elem ) { + var name = elem.nodeName.toLowerCase(); + return (name === "input" || name === "button") && elem.type === type; + }; +} + +/** + * Returns a function to use in pseudos for positionals + * @param {Function} fn + */ +function createPositionalPseudo( fn ) { + return markFunction(function( argument ) { + argument = +argument; + return markFunction(function( seed, matches ) { + var j, + matchIndexes = fn( [], seed.length, argument ), + i = matchIndexes.length; + + // Match elements found at the specified indexes + while ( i-- ) { + if ( seed[ (j = matchIndexes[i]) ] ) { + seed[j] = !(matches[j] = seed[j]); + } + } + }); + }); +} + +/** + * Checks a node for validity as a Sizzle context + * @param {Element|Object=} context + * @returns {Element|Object|Boolean} The input node if acceptable, otherwise a falsy value + */ +function testContext( context ) { + return context && typeof context.getElementsByTagName !== strundefined && context; +} + +// Expose support vars for convenience +support = Sizzle.support = {}; + +/** + * Detects XML nodes + * @param {Element|Object} elem An element or a document + * @returns {Boolean} True iff elem is a non-HTML XML node + */ +isXML = Sizzle.isXML = function( elem ) { + // documentElement is verified for cases where it doesn't yet exist + // (such as loading iframes in IE - #4833) + var documentElement = elem && (elem.ownerDocument || elem).documentElement; + return documentElement ? documentElement.nodeName !== "HTML" : false; +}; + +/** + * Sets document-related variables once based on the current document + * @param {Element|Object} [doc] An element or document object to use to set the document + * @returns {Object} Returns the current document + */ +setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) { + var hasCompare, + doc = node ? node.ownerDocument || node : preferredDoc, + parent = doc.defaultView; + + // If no document and documentElement is available, return + if ( doc === document || doc.nodeType !== 9 || !doc.documentElement ) { + return document; + } + + // Set our document + document = doc; + docElem = doc.documentElement; + + // Support tests + documentIsHTML = !isXML( doc ); + + // Support: IE>8 + // If iframe document is assigned to "document" variable and if iframe has been reloaded, + // IE will throw "permission denied" error when accessing "document" variable, see jQuery #13936 + // IE6-8 do not support the defaultView property so parent will be undefined + if ( parent && parent !== parent.top ) { + // IE11 does not have attachEvent, so all must suffer + if ( parent.addEventListener ) { + parent.addEventListener( "unload", function() { + setDocument(); + }, false ); + } else if ( parent.attachEvent ) { + parent.attachEvent( "onunload", function() { + setDocument(); + }); + } + } + + /* Attributes + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ + + // Support: IE<8 + // Verify that getAttribute really returns attributes and not properties (excepting IE8 booleans) + support.attributes = assert(function( div ) { + div.className = "i"; + return !div.getAttribute("className"); + }); + + /* getElement(s)By* + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ + + // Check if getElementsByTagName("*") returns only elements + support.getElementsByTagName = assert(function( div ) { + div.appendChild( doc.createComment("") ); + return !div.getElementsByTagName("*").length; + }); + + // Check if getElementsByClassName can be trusted + support.getElementsByClassName = rnative.test( doc.getElementsByClassName ) && assert(function( div ) { + div.innerHTML = "
"; + + // Support: Safari<4 + // Catch class over-caching + div.firstChild.className = "i"; + // Support: Opera<10 + // Catch gEBCN failure to find non-leading classes + return div.getElementsByClassName("i").length === 2; + }); + + // Support: IE<10 + // Check if getElementById returns elements by name + // The broken getElementById methods don't pick up programatically-set names, + // so use a roundabout getElementsByName test + support.getById = assert(function( div ) { + docElem.appendChild( div ).id = expando; + return !doc.getElementsByName || !doc.getElementsByName( expando ).length; + }); + + // ID find and filter + if ( support.getById ) { + Expr.find["ID"] = function( id, context ) { + if ( typeof context.getElementById !== strundefined && documentIsHTML ) { + var m = context.getElementById( id ); + // Check parentNode to catch when Blackberry 4.6 returns + // nodes that are no longer in the document #6963 + return m && m.parentNode ? [ m ] : []; + } + }; + Expr.filter["ID"] = function( id ) { + var attrId = id.replace( runescape, funescape ); + return function( elem ) { + return elem.getAttribute("id") === attrId; + }; + }; + } else { + // Support: IE6/7 + // getElementById is not reliable as a find shortcut + delete Expr.find["ID"]; + + Expr.filter["ID"] = function( id ) { + var attrId = id.replace( runescape, funescape ); + return function( elem ) { + var node = typeof elem.getAttributeNode !== strundefined && elem.getAttributeNode("id"); + return node && node.value === attrId; + }; + }; + } + + // Tag + Expr.find["TAG"] = support.getElementsByTagName ? + function( tag, context ) { + if ( typeof context.getElementsByTagName !== strundefined ) { + return context.getElementsByTagName( tag ); + } + } : + function( tag, context ) { + var elem, + tmp = [], + i = 0, + results = context.getElementsByTagName( tag ); + + // Filter out possible comments + if ( tag === "*" ) { + while ( (elem = results[i++]) ) { + if ( elem.nodeType === 1 ) { + tmp.push( elem ); + } + } + + return tmp; + } + return results; + }; + + // Class + Expr.find["CLASS"] = support.getElementsByClassName && function( className, context ) { + if ( typeof context.getElementsByClassName !== strundefined && documentIsHTML ) { + return context.getElementsByClassName( className ); + } + }; + + /* QSA/matchesSelector + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ + + // QSA and matchesSelector support + + // matchesSelector(:active) reports false when true (IE9/Opera 11.5) + rbuggyMatches = []; + + // qSa(:focus) reports false when true (Chrome 21) + // We allow this because of a bug in IE8/9 that throws an error + // whenever `document.activeElement` is accessed on an iframe + // So, we allow :focus to pass through QSA all the time to avoid the IE error + // See http://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/13378 + rbuggyQSA = []; + + if ( (support.qsa = rnative.test( doc.querySelectorAll )) ) { + // Build QSA regex + // Regex strategy adopted from Diego Perini + assert(function( div ) { + // Select is set to empty string on purpose + // This is to test IE's treatment of not explicitly + // setting a boolean content attribute, + // since its presence should be enough + // http://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/12359 + div.innerHTML = ""; + + // Support: IE8, Opera 11-12.16 + // Nothing should be selected when empty strings follow ^= or $= or *= + // The test attribute must be unknown in Opera but "safe" for WinRT + // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/hh465388.aspx#attribute_section + if ( div.querySelectorAll("[msallowclip^='']").length ) { + rbuggyQSA.push( "[*^$]=" + whitespace + "*(?:''|\"\")" ); + } + + // Support: IE8 + // Boolean attributes and "value" are not treated correctly + if ( !div.querySelectorAll("[selected]").length ) { + rbuggyQSA.push( "\\[" + whitespace + "*(?:value|" + booleans + ")" ); + } + + // Webkit/Opera - :checked should return selected option elements + // http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-css3-selectors-20110929/#checked + // IE8 throws error here and will not see later tests + if ( !div.querySelectorAll(":checked").length ) { + rbuggyQSA.push(":checked"); + } + }); + + assert(function( div ) { + // Support: Windows 8 Native Apps + // The type and name attributes are restricted during .innerHTML assignment + var input = doc.createElement("input"); + input.setAttribute( "type", "hidden" ); + div.appendChild( input ).setAttribute( "name", "D" ); + + // Support: IE8 + // Enforce case-sensitivity of name attribute + if ( div.querySelectorAll("[name=d]").length ) { + rbuggyQSA.push( "name" + whitespace + "*[*^$|!~]?=" ); + } + + // FF 3.5 - :enabled/:disabled and hidden elements (hidden elements are still enabled) + // IE8 throws error here and will not see later tests + if ( !div.querySelectorAll(":enabled").length ) { + rbuggyQSA.push( ":enabled", ":disabled" ); + } + + // Opera 10-11 does not throw on post-comma invalid pseudos + div.querySelectorAll("*,:x"); + rbuggyQSA.push(",.*:"); + }); + } + + if ( (support.matchesSelector = rnative.test( (matches = docElem.matches || + docElem.webkitMatchesSelector || + docElem.mozMatchesSelector || + docElem.oMatchesSelector || + docElem.msMatchesSelector) )) ) { + + assert(function( div ) { + // Check to see if it's possible to do matchesSelector + // on a disconnected node (IE 9) + support.disconnectedMatch = matches.call( div, "div" ); + + // This should fail with an exception + // Gecko does not error, returns false instead + matches.call( div, "[s!='']:x" ); + rbuggyMatches.push( "!=", pseudos ); + }); + } + + rbuggyQSA = rbuggyQSA.length && new RegExp( rbuggyQSA.join("|") ); + rbuggyMatches = rbuggyMatches.length && new RegExp( rbuggyMatches.join("|") ); + + /* Contains + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ + hasCompare = rnative.test( docElem.compareDocumentPosition ); + + // Element contains another + // Purposefully does not implement inclusive descendent + // As in, an element does not contain itself + contains = hasCompare || rnative.test( docElem.contains ) ? + function( a, b ) { + var adown = a.nodeType === 9 ? a.documentElement : a, + bup = b && b.parentNode; + return a === bup || !!( bup && bup.nodeType === 1 && ( + adown.contains ? + adown.contains( bup ) : + a.compareDocumentPosition && a.compareDocumentPosition( bup ) & 16 + )); + } : + function( a, b ) { + if ( b ) { + while ( (b = b.parentNode) ) { + if ( b === a ) { + return true; + } + } + } + return false; + }; + + /* Sorting + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */ + + // Document order sorting + sortOrder = hasCompare ? + function( a, b ) { + + // Flag for duplicate removal + if ( a === b ) { + hasDuplicate = true; + return 0; + } + + // Sort on method existence if only one input has compareDocumentPosition + var compare = !a.compareDocumentPosition - !b.compareDocumentPosition; + if ( compare ) { + return compare; + } + + // Calculate position if both inputs belong to the same document + compare = ( a.ownerDocument || a ) === ( b.ownerDocument || b ) ? + a.compareDocumentPosition( b ) : + + // Otherwise we know they are disconnected + 1; + + // Disconnected nodes + if ( compare & 1 || + (!support.sortDetached && b.compareDocumentPosition( a ) === compare) ) { + + // Choose the first element that is related to our preferred document + if ( a === doc || a.ownerDocument === preferredDoc && contains(preferredDoc, a) ) { + return -1; + } + if ( b === doc || b.ownerDocument === preferredDoc && contains(preferredDoc, b) ) { + return 1; + } + + // Maintain original order + return sortInput ? + ( indexOf.call( sortInput, a ) - indexOf.call( sortInput, b ) ) : + 0; + } + + return compare & 4 ? -1 : 1; + } : + function( a, b ) { + // Exit early if the nodes are identical + if ( a === b ) { + hasDuplicate = true; + return 0; + } + + var cur, + i = 0, + aup = a.parentNode, + bup = b.parentNode, + ap = [ a ], + bp = [ b ]; + + // Parentless nodes are either documents or disconnected + if ( !aup || !bup ) { + return a === doc ? -1 : + b === doc ? 1 : + aup ? -1 : + bup ? 1 : + sortInput ? + ( indexOf.call( sortInput, a ) - indexOf.call( sortInput, b ) ) : + 0; + + // If the nodes are siblings, we can do a quick check + } else if ( aup === bup ) { + return siblingCheck( a, b ); + } + + // Otherwise we need full lists of their ancestors for comparison + cur = a; + while ( (cur = cur.parentNode) ) { + ap.unshift( cur ); + } + cur = b; + while ( (cur = cur.parentNode) ) { + bp.unshift( cur ); + } + + // Walk down the tree looking for a discrepancy + while ( ap[i] === bp[i] ) { + i++; + } + + return i ? + // Do a sibling check if the nodes have a common ancestor + siblingCheck( ap[i], bp[i] ) : + + // Otherwise nodes in our document sort first + ap[i] === preferredDoc ? -1 : + bp[i] === preferredDoc ? 1 : + 0; + }; + + return doc; +}; + +Sizzle.matches = function( expr, elements ) { + return Sizzle( expr, null, null, elements ); +}; + +Sizzle.matchesSelector = function( elem, expr ) { + // Set document vars if needed + if ( ( elem.ownerDocument || elem ) !== document ) { + setDocument( elem ); + } + + // Make sure that attribute selectors are quoted + expr = expr.replace( rattributeQuotes, "='$1']" ); + + if ( support.matchesSelector && documentIsHTML && + ( !rbuggyMatches || !rbuggyMatches.test( expr ) ) && + ( !rbuggyQSA || !rbuggyQSA.test( expr ) ) ) { + + try { + var ret = matches.call( elem, expr ); + + // IE 9's matchesSelector returns false on disconnected nodes + if ( ret || support.disconnectedMatch || + // As well, disconnected nodes are said to be in a document + // fragment in IE 9 + elem.document && elem.document.nodeType !== 11 ) { + return ret; + } + } catch(e) {} + } + + return Sizzle( expr, document, null, [ elem ] ).length > 0; +}; + +Sizzle.contains = function( context, elem ) { + // Set document vars if needed + if ( ( context.ownerDocument || context ) !== document ) { + setDocument( context ); + } + return contains( context, elem ); +}; + +Sizzle.attr = function( elem, name ) { + // Set document vars if needed + if ( ( elem.ownerDocument || elem ) !== document ) { + setDocument( elem ); + } + + var fn = Expr.attrHandle[ name.toLowerCase() ], + // Don't get fooled by Object.prototype properties (jQuery #13807) + val = fn && hasOwn.call( Expr.attrHandle, name.toLowerCase() ) ? + fn( elem, name, !documentIsHTML ) : + undefined; + + return val !== undefined ? + val : + support.attributes || !documentIsHTML ? + elem.getAttribute( name ) : + (val = elem.getAttributeNode(name)) && val.specified ? + val.value : + null; +}; + +Sizzle.error = function( msg ) { + throw new Error( "Syntax error, unrecognized expression: " + msg ); +}; + +/** + * Document sorting and removing duplicates + * @param {ArrayLike} results + */ +Sizzle.uniqueSort = function( results ) { + var elem, + duplicates = [], + j = 0, + i = 0; + + // Unless we *know* we can detect duplicates, assume their presence + hasDuplicate = !support.detectDuplicates; + sortInput = !support.sortStable && results.slice( 0 ); + results.sort( sortOrder ); + + if ( hasDuplicate ) { + while ( (elem = results[i++]) ) { + if ( elem === results[ i ] ) { + j = duplicates.push( i ); + } + } + while ( j-- ) { + results.splice( duplicates[ j ], 1 ); + } + } + + // Clear input after sorting to release objects + // See https://github.com/jquery/sizzle/pull/225 + sortInput = null; + + return results; +}; + +/** + * Utility function for retrieving the text value of an array of DOM nodes + * @param {Array|Element} elem + */ +getText = Sizzle.getText = function( elem ) { + var node, + ret = "", + i = 0, + nodeType = elem.nodeType; + + if ( !nodeType ) { + // If no nodeType, this is expected to be an array + while ( (node = elem[i++]) ) { + // Do not traverse comment nodes + ret += getText( node ); + } + } else if ( nodeType === 1 || nodeType === 9 || nodeType === 11 ) { + // Use textContent for elements + // innerText usage removed for consistency of new lines (jQuery #11153) + if ( typeof elem.textContent === "string" ) { + return elem.textContent; + } else { + // Traverse its children + for ( elem = elem.firstChild; elem; elem = elem.nextSibling ) { + ret += getText( elem ); + } + } + } else if ( nodeType === 3 || nodeType === 4 ) { + return elem.nodeValue; + } + // Do not include comment or processing instruction nodes + + return ret; +}; + +Expr = Sizzle.selectors = { + + // Can be adjusted by the user + cacheLength: 50, + + createPseudo: markFunction, + + match: matchExpr, + + attrHandle: {}, + + find: {}, + + relative: { + ">": { dir: "parentNode", first: true }, + " ": { dir: "parentNode" }, + "+": { dir: "previousSibling", first: true }, + "~": { dir: "previousSibling" } + }, + + preFilter: { + "ATTR": function( match ) { + match[1] = match[1].replace( runescape, funescape ); + + // Move the given value to match[3] whether quoted or unquoted + match[3] = ( match[3] || match[4] || match[5] || "" ).replace( runescape, funescape ); + + if ( match[2] === "~=" ) { + match[3] = " " + match[3] + " "; + } + + return match.slice( 0, 4 ); + }, + + "CHILD": function( match ) { + /* matches from matchExpr["CHILD"] + 1 type (only|nth|...) + 2 what (child|of-type) + 3 argument (even|odd|\d*|\d*n([+-]\d+)?|...) + 4 xn-component of xn+y argument ([+-]?\d*n|) + 5 sign of xn-component + 6 x of xn-component + 7 sign of y-component + 8 y of y-component + */ + match[1] = match[1].toLowerCase(); + + if ( match[1].slice( 0, 3 ) === "nth" ) { + // nth-* requires argument + if ( !match[3] ) { + Sizzle.error( match[0] ); + } + + // numeric x and y parameters for Expr.filter.CHILD + // remember that false/true cast respectively to 0/1 + match[4] = +( match[4] ? match[5] + (match[6] || 1) : 2 * ( match[3] === "even" || match[3] === "odd" ) ); + match[5] = +( ( match[7] + match[8] ) || match[3] === "odd" ); + + // other types prohibit arguments + } else if ( match[3] ) { + Sizzle.error( match[0] ); + } + + return match; + }, + + "PSEUDO": function( match ) { + var excess, + unquoted = !match[6] && match[2]; + + if ( matchExpr["CHILD"].test( match[0] ) ) { + return null; + } + + // Accept quoted arguments as-is + if ( match[3] ) { + match[2] = match[4] || match[5] || ""; + + // Strip excess characters from unquoted arguments + } else if ( unquoted && rpseudo.test( unquoted ) && + // Get excess from tokenize (recursively) + (excess = tokenize( unquoted, true )) && + // advance to the next closing parenthesis + (excess = unquoted.indexOf( ")", unquoted.length - excess ) - unquoted.length) ) { + + // excess is a negative index + match[0] = match[0].slice( 0, excess ); + match[2] = unquoted.slice( 0, excess ); + } + + // Return only captures needed by the pseudo filter method (type and argument) + return match.slice( 0, 3 ); + } + }, + + filter: { + + "TAG": function( nodeNameSelector ) { + var nodeName = nodeNameSelector.replace( runescape, funescape ).toLowerCase(); + return nodeNameSelector === "*" ? + function() { return true; } : + function( elem ) { + return elem.nodeName && elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() === nodeName; + }; + }, + + "CLASS": function( className ) { + var pattern = classCache[ className + " " ]; + + return pattern || + (pattern = new RegExp( "(^|" + whitespace + ")" + className + "(" + whitespace + "|$)" )) && + classCache( className, function( elem ) { + return pattern.test( typeof elem.className === "string" && elem.className || typeof elem.getAttribute !== strundefined && elem.getAttribute("class") || "" ); + }); + }, + + "ATTR": function( name, operator, check ) { + return function( elem ) { + var result = Sizzle.attr( elem, name ); + + if ( result == null ) { + return operator === "!="; + } + if ( !operator ) { + return true; + } + + result += ""; + + return operator === "=" ? result === check : + operator === "!=" ? result !== check : + operator === "^=" ? check && result.indexOf( check ) === 0 : + operator === "*=" ? check && result.indexOf( check ) > -1 : + operator === "$=" ? check && result.slice( -check.length ) === check : + operator === "~=" ? ( " " + result + " " ).indexOf( check ) > -1 : + operator === "|=" ? result === check || result.slice( 0, check.length + 1 ) === check + "-" : + false; + }; + }, + + "CHILD": function( type, what, argument, first, last ) { + var simple = type.slice( 0, 3 ) !== "nth", + forward = type.slice( -4 ) !== "last", + ofType = what === "of-type"; + + return first === 1 && last === 0 ? + + // Shortcut for :nth-*(n) + function( elem ) { + return !!elem.parentNode; + } : + + function( elem, context, xml ) { + var cache, outerCache, node, diff, nodeIndex, start, + dir = simple !== forward ? "nextSibling" : "previousSibling", + parent = elem.parentNode, + name = ofType && elem.nodeName.toLowerCase(), + useCache = !xml && !ofType; + + if ( parent ) { + + // :(first|last|only)-(child|of-type) + if ( simple ) { + while ( dir ) { + node = elem; + while ( (node = node[ dir ]) ) { + if ( ofType ? node.nodeName.toLowerCase() === name : node.nodeType === 1 ) { + return false; + } + } + // Reverse direction for :only-* (if we haven't yet done so) + start = dir = type === "only" && !start && "nextSibling"; + } + return true; + } + + start = [ forward ? parent.firstChild : parent.lastChild ]; + + // non-xml :nth-child(...) stores cache data on `parent` + if ( forward && useCache ) { + // Seek `elem` from a previously-cached index + outerCache = parent[ expando ] || (parent[ expando ] = {}); + cache = outerCache[ type ] || []; + nodeIndex = cache[0] === dirruns && cache[1]; + diff = cache[0] === dirruns && cache[2]; + node = nodeIndex && parent.childNodes[ nodeIndex ]; + + while ( (node = ++nodeIndex && node && node[ dir ] || + + // Fallback to seeking `elem` from the start + (diff = nodeIndex = 0) || start.pop()) ) { + + // When found, cache indexes on `parent` and break + if ( node.nodeType === 1 && ++diff && node === elem ) { + outerCache[ type ] = [ dirruns, nodeIndex, diff ]; + break; + } + } + + // Use previously-cached element index if available + } else if ( useCache && (cache = (elem[ expando ] || (elem[ expando ] = {}))[ type ]) && cache[0] === dirruns ) { + diff = cache[1]; + + // xml :nth-child(...) or :nth-last-child(...) or :nth(-last)?-of-type(...) + } else { + // Use the same loop as above to seek `elem` from the start + while ( (node = ++nodeIndex && node && node[ dir ] || + (diff = nodeIndex = 0) || start.pop()) ) { + + if ( ( ofType ? node.nodeName.toLowerCase() === name : node.nodeType === 1 ) && ++diff ) { + // Cache the index of each encountered element + if ( useCache ) { + (node[ expando ] || (node[ expando ] = {}))[ type ] = [ dirruns, diff ]; + } + + if ( node === elem ) { + break; + } + } + } + } + + // Incorporate the offset, then check against cycle size + diff -= last; + return diff === first || ( diff % first === 0 && diff / first >= 0 ); + } + }; + }, + + "PSEUDO": function( pseudo, argument ) { + // pseudo-class names are case-insensitive + // http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#pseudo-classes + // Prioritize by case sensitivity in case custom pseudos are added with uppercase letters + // Remember that setFilters inherits from pseudos + var args, + fn = Expr.pseudos[ pseudo ] || Expr.setFilters[ pseudo.toLowerCase() ] || + Sizzle.error( "unsupported pseudo: " + pseudo ); + + // The user may use createPseudo to indicate that + // arguments are needed to create the filter function + // just as Sizzle does + if ( fn[ expando ] ) { + return fn( argument ); + } + + // But maintain support for old signatures + if ( fn.length > 1 ) { + args = [ pseudo, pseudo, "", argument ]; + return Expr.setFilters.hasOwnProperty( pseudo.toLowerCase() ) ? + markFunction(function( seed, matches ) { + var idx, + matched = fn( seed, argument ), + i = matched.length; + while ( i-- ) { + idx = indexOf.call( seed, matched[i] ); + seed[ idx ] = !( matches[ idx ] = matched[i] ); + } + }) : + function( elem ) { + return fn( elem, 0, args ); + }; + } + + return fn; + } + }, + + pseudos: { + // Potentially complex pseudos + "not": markFunction(function( selector ) { + // Trim the selector passed to compile + // to avoid treating leading and trailing + // spaces as combinators + var input = [], + results = [], + matcher = compile( selector.replace( rtrim, "$1" ) ); + + return matcher[ expando ] ? + markFunction(function( seed, matches, context, xml ) { + var elem, + unmatched = matcher( seed, null, xml, [] ), + i = seed.length; + + // Match elements unmatched by `matcher` + while ( i-- ) { + if ( (elem = unmatched[i]) ) { + seed[i] = !(matches[i] = elem); + } + } + }) : + function( elem, context, xml ) { + input[0] = elem; + matcher( input, null, xml, results ); + return !results.pop(); + }; + }), + + "has": markFunction(function( selector ) { + return function( elem ) { + return Sizzle( selector, elem ).length > 0; + }; + }), + + "contains": markFunction(function( text ) { + return function( elem ) { + return ( elem.textContent || elem.innerText || getText( elem ) ).indexOf( text ) > -1; + }; + }), + + // "Whether an element is represented by a :lang() selector + // is based solely on the element's language value + // being equal to the identifier C, + // or beginning with the identifier C immediately followed by "-". + // The matching of C against the element's language value is performed case-insensitively. + // The identifier C does not have to be a valid language name." + // http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#lang-pseudo + "lang": markFunction( function( lang ) { + // lang value must be a valid identifier + if ( !ridentifier.test(lang || "") ) { + Sizzle.error( "unsupported lang: " + lang ); + } + lang = lang.replace( runescape, funescape ).toLowerCase(); + return function( elem ) { + var elemLang; + do { + if ( (elemLang = documentIsHTML ? + elem.lang : + elem.getAttribute("xml:lang") || elem.getAttribute("lang")) ) { + + elemLang = elemLang.toLowerCase(); + return elemLang === lang || elemLang.indexOf( lang + "-" ) === 0; + } + } while ( (elem = elem.parentNode) && elem.nodeType === 1 ); + return false; + }; + }), + + // Miscellaneous + "target": function( elem ) { + var hash = window.location && window.location.hash; + return hash && hash.slice( 1 ) === elem.id; + }, + + "root": function( elem ) { + return elem === docElem; + }, + + "focus": function( elem ) { + return elem === document.activeElement && (!document.hasFocus || document.hasFocus()) && !!(elem.type || elem.href || ~elem.tabIndex); + }, + + // Boolean properties + "enabled": function( elem ) { + return elem.disabled === false; + }, + + "disabled": function( elem ) { + return elem.disabled === true; + }, + + "checked": function( elem ) { + // In CSS3, :checked should return both checked and selected elements + // http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-css3-selectors-20110929/#checked + var nodeName = elem.nodeName.toLowerCase(); + return (nodeName === "input" && !!elem.checked) || (nodeName === "option" && !!elem.selected); + }, + + "selected": function( elem ) { + // Accessing this property makes selected-by-default + // options in Safari work properly + if ( elem.parentNode ) { + elem.parentNode.selectedIndex; + } + + return elem.selected === true; + }, + + // Contents + "empty": function( elem ) { + // http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#empty-pseudo + // :empty is negated by element (1) or content nodes (text: 3; cdata: 4; entity ref: 5), + // but not by others (comment: 8; processing instruction: 7; etc.) + // nodeType < 6 works because attributes (2) do not appear as children + for ( elem = elem.firstChild; elem; elem = elem.nextSibling ) { + if ( elem.nodeType < 6 ) { + return false; + } + } + return true; + }, + + "parent": function( elem ) { + return !Expr.pseudos["empty"]( elem ); + }, + + // Element/input types + "header": function( elem ) { + return rheader.test( elem.nodeName ); + }, + + "input": function( elem ) { + return rinputs.test( elem.nodeName ); + }, + + "button": function( elem ) { + var name = elem.nodeName.toLowerCase(); + return name === "input" && elem.type === "button" || name === "button"; + }, + + "text": function( elem ) { + var attr; + return elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() === "input" && + elem.type === "text" && + + // Support: IE<8 + // New HTML5 attribute values (e.g., "search") appear with elem.type === "text" + ( (attr = elem.getAttribute("type")) == null || attr.toLowerCase() === "text" ); + }, + + // Position-in-collection + "first": createPositionalPseudo(function() { + return [ 0 ]; + }), + + "last": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length ) { + return [ length - 1 ]; + }), + + "eq": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length, argument ) { + return [ argument < 0 ? argument + length : argument ]; + }), + + "even": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length ) { + var i = 0; + for ( ; i < length; i += 2 ) { + matchIndexes.push( i ); + } + return matchIndexes; + }), + + "odd": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length ) { + var i = 1; + for ( ; i < length; i += 2 ) { + matchIndexes.push( i ); + } + return matchIndexes; + }), + + "lt": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length, argument ) { + var i = argument < 0 ? argument + length : argument; + for ( ; --i >= 0; ) { + matchIndexes.push( i ); + } + return matchIndexes; + }), + + "gt": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length, argument ) { + var i = argument < 0 ? argument + length : argument; + for ( ; ++i < length; ) { + matchIndexes.push( i ); + } + return matchIndexes; + }) + } +}; + +Expr.pseudos["nth"] = Expr.pseudos["eq"]; + +// Add button/input type pseudos +for ( i in { radio: true, checkbox: true, file: true, password: true, image: true } ) { + Expr.pseudos[ i ] = createInputPseudo( i ); +} +for ( i in { submit: true, reset: true } ) { + Expr.pseudos[ i ] = createButtonPseudo( i ); +} + +// Easy API for creating new setFilters +function setFilters() {} +setFilters.prototype = Expr.filters = Expr.pseudos; +Expr.setFilters = new setFilters(); + +tokenize = Sizzle.tokenize = function( selector, parseOnly ) { + var matched, match, tokens, type, + soFar, groups, preFilters, + cached = tokenCache[ selector + " " ]; + + if ( cached ) { + return parseOnly ? 0 : cached.slice( 0 ); + } + + soFar = selector; + groups = []; + preFilters = Expr.preFilter; + + while ( soFar ) { + + // Comma and first run + if ( !matched || (match = rcomma.exec( soFar )) ) { + if ( match ) { + // Don't consume trailing commas as valid + soFar = soFar.slice( match[0].length ) || soFar; + } + groups.push( (tokens = []) ); + } + + matched = false; + + // Combinators + if ( (match = rcombinators.exec( soFar )) ) { + matched = match.shift(); + tokens.push({ + value: matched, + // Cast descendant combinators to space + type: match[0].replace( rtrim, " " ) + }); + soFar = soFar.slice( matched.length ); + } + + // Filters + for ( type in Expr.filter ) { + if ( (match = matchExpr[ type ].exec( soFar )) && (!preFilters[ type ] || + (match = preFilters[ type ]( match ))) ) { + matched = match.shift(); + tokens.push({ + value: matched, + type: type, + matches: match + }); + soFar = soFar.slice( matched.length ); + } + } + + if ( !matched ) { + break; + } + } + + // Return the length of the invalid excess + // if we're just parsing + // Otherwise, throw an error or return tokens + return parseOnly ? + soFar.length : + soFar ? + Sizzle.error( selector ) : + // Cache the tokens + tokenCache( selector, groups ).slice( 0 ); +}; + +function toSelector( tokens ) { + var i = 0, + len = tokens.length, + selector = ""; + for ( ; i < len; i++ ) { + selector += tokens[i].value; + } + return selector; +} + +function addCombinator( matcher, combinator, base ) { + var dir = combinator.dir, + checkNonElements = base && dir === "parentNode", + doneName = done++; + + return combinator.first ? + // Check against closest ancestor/preceding element + function( elem, context, xml ) { + while ( (elem = elem[ dir ]) ) { + if ( elem.nodeType === 1 || checkNonElements ) { + return matcher( elem, context, xml ); + } + } + } : + + // Check against all ancestor/preceding elements + function( elem, context, xml ) { + var oldCache, outerCache, + newCache = [ dirruns, doneName ]; + + // We can't set arbitrary data on XML nodes, so they don't benefit from dir caching + if ( xml ) { + while ( (elem = elem[ dir ]) ) { + if ( elem.nodeType === 1 || checkNonElements ) { + if ( matcher( elem, context, xml ) ) { + return true; + } + } + } + } else { + while ( (elem = elem[ dir ]) ) { + if ( elem.nodeType === 1 || checkNonElements ) { + outerCache = elem[ expando ] || (elem[ expando ] = {}); + if ( (oldCache = outerCache[ dir ]) && + oldCache[ 0 ] === dirruns && oldCache[ 1 ] === doneName ) { + + // Assign to newCache so results back-propagate to previous elements + return (newCache[ 2 ] = oldCache[ 2 ]); + } else { + // Reuse newcache so results back-propagate to previous elements + outerCache[ dir ] = newCache; + + // A match means we're done; a fail means we have to keep checking + if ( (newCache[ 2 ] = matcher( elem, context, xml )) ) { + return true; + } + } + } + } + } + }; +} + +function elementMatcher( matchers ) { + return matchers.length > 1 ? + function( elem, context, xml ) { + var i = matchers.length; + while ( i-- ) { + if ( !matchers[i]( elem, context, xml ) ) { + return false; + } + } + return true; + } : + matchers[0]; +} + +function multipleContexts( selector, contexts, results ) { + var i = 0, + len = contexts.length; + for ( ; i < len; i++ ) { + Sizzle( selector, contexts[i], results ); + } + return results; +} + +function condense( unmatched, map, filter, context, xml ) { + var elem, + newUnmatched = [], + i = 0, + len = unmatched.length, + mapped = map != null; + + for ( ; i < len; i++ ) { + if ( (elem = unmatched[i]) ) { + if ( !filter || filter( elem, context, xml ) ) { + newUnmatched.push( elem ); + if ( mapped ) { + map.push( i ); + } + } + } + } + + return newUnmatched; +} + +function setMatcher( preFilter, selector, matcher, postFilter, postFinder, postSelector ) { + if ( postFilter && !postFilter[ expando ] ) { + postFilter = setMatcher( postFilter ); + } + if ( postFinder && !postFinder[ expando ] ) { + postFinder = setMatcher( postFinder, postSelector ); + } + return markFunction(function( seed, results, context, xml ) { + var temp, i, elem, + preMap = [], + postMap = [], + preexisting = results.length, + + // Get initial elements from seed or context + elems = seed || multipleContexts( selector || "*", context.nodeType ? [ context ] : context, [] ), + + // Prefilter to get matcher input, preserving a map for seed-results synchronization + matcherIn = preFilter && ( seed || !selector ) ? + condense( elems, preMap, preFilter, context, xml ) : + elems, + + matcherOut = matcher ? + // If we have a postFinder, or filtered seed, or non-seed postFilter or preexisting results, + postFinder || ( seed ? preFilter : preexisting || postFilter ) ? + + // ...intermediate processing is necessary + [] : + + // ...otherwise use results directly + results : + matcherIn; + + // Find primary matches + if ( matcher ) { + matcher( matcherIn, matcherOut, context, xml ); + } + + // Apply postFilter + if ( postFilter ) { + temp = condense( matcherOut, postMap ); + postFilter( temp, [], context, xml ); + + // Un-match failing elements by moving them back to matcherIn + i = temp.length; + while ( i-- ) { + if ( (elem = temp[i]) ) { + matcherOut[ postMap[i] ] = !(matcherIn[ postMap[i] ] = elem); + } + } + } + + if ( seed ) { + if ( postFinder || preFilter ) { + if ( postFinder ) { + // Get the final matcherOut by condensing this intermediate into postFinder contexts + temp = []; + i = matcherOut.length; + while ( i-- ) { + if ( (elem = matcherOut[i]) ) { + // Restore matcherIn since elem is not yet a final match + temp.push( (matcherIn[i] = elem) ); + } + } + postFinder( null, (matcherOut = []), temp, xml ); + } + + // Move matched elements from seed to results to keep them synchronized + i = matcherOut.length; + while ( i-- ) { + if ( (elem = matcherOut[i]) && + (temp = postFinder ? indexOf.call( seed, elem ) : preMap[i]) > -1 ) { + + seed[temp] = !(results[temp] = elem); + } + } + } + + // Add elements to results, through postFinder if defined + } else { + matcherOut = condense( + matcherOut === results ? + matcherOut.splice( preexisting, matcherOut.length ) : + matcherOut + ); + if ( postFinder ) { + postFinder( null, results, matcherOut, xml ); + } else { + push.apply( results, matcherOut ); + } + } + }); +} + +function matcherFromTokens( tokens ) { + var checkContext, matcher, j, + len = tokens.length, + leadingRelative = Expr.relative[ tokens[0].type ], + implicitRelative = leadingRelative || Expr.relative[" "], + i = leadingRelative ? 1 : 0, + + // The foundational matcher ensures that elements are reachable from top-level context(s) + matchContext = addCombinator( function( elem ) { + return elem === checkContext; + }, implicitRelative, true ), + matchAnyContext = addCombinator( function( elem ) { + return indexOf.call( checkContext, elem ) > -1; + }, implicitRelative, true ), + matchers = [ function( elem, context, xml ) { + return ( !leadingRelative && ( xml || context !== outermostContext ) ) || ( + (checkContext = context).nodeType ? + matchContext( elem, context, xml ) : + matchAnyContext( elem, context, xml ) ); + } ]; + + for ( ; i < len; i++ ) { + if ( (matcher = Expr.relative[ tokens[i].type ]) ) { + matchers = [ addCombinator(elementMatcher( matchers ), matcher) ]; + } else { + matcher = Expr.filter[ tokens[i].type ].apply( null, tokens[i].matches ); + + // Return special upon seeing a positional matcher + if ( matcher[ expando ] ) { + // Find the next relative operator (if any) for proper handling + j = ++i; + for ( ; j < len; j++ ) { + if ( Expr.relative[ tokens[j].type ] ) { + break; + } + } + return setMatcher( + i > 1 && elementMatcher( matchers ), + i > 1 && toSelector( + // If the preceding token was a descendant combinator, insert an implicit any-element `*` + tokens.slice( 0, i - 1 ).concat({ value: tokens[ i - 2 ].type === " " ? "*" : "" }) + ).replace( rtrim, "$1" ), + matcher, + i < j && matcherFromTokens( tokens.slice( i, j ) ), + j < len && matcherFromTokens( (tokens = tokens.slice( j )) ), + j < len && toSelector( tokens ) + ); + } + matchers.push( matcher ); + } + } + + return elementMatcher( matchers ); +} + +function matcherFromGroupMatchers( elementMatchers, setMatchers ) { + var bySet = setMatchers.length > 0, + byElement = elementMatchers.length > 0, + superMatcher = function( seed, context, xml, results, outermost ) { + var elem, j, matcher, + matchedCount = 0, + i = "0", + unmatched = seed && [], + setMatched = [], + contextBackup = outermostContext, + // We must always have either seed elements or outermost context + elems = seed || byElement && Expr.find["TAG"]( "*", outermost ), + // Use integer dirruns iff this is the outermost matcher + dirrunsUnique = (dirruns += contextBackup == null ? 1 : Math.random() || 0.1), + len = elems.length; + + if ( outermost ) { + outermostContext = context !== document && context; + } + + // Add elements passing elementMatchers directly to results + // Keep `i` a string if there are no elements so `matchedCount` will be "00" below + // Support: IE<9, Safari + // Tolerate NodeList properties (IE: "length"; Safari: ) matching elements by id + for ( ; i !== len && (elem = elems[i]) != null; i++ ) { + if ( byElement && elem ) { + j = 0; + while ( (matcher = elementMatchers[j++]) ) { + if ( matcher( elem, context, xml ) ) { + results.push( elem ); + break; + } + } + if ( outermost ) { + dirruns = dirrunsUnique; + } + } + + // Track unmatched elements for set filters + if ( bySet ) { + // They will have gone through all possible matchers + if ( (elem = !matcher && elem) ) { + matchedCount--; + } + + // Lengthen the array for every element, matched or not + if ( seed ) { + unmatched.push( elem ); + } + } + } + + // Apply set filters to unmatched elements + matchedCount += i; + if ( bySet && i !== matchedCount ) { + j = 0; + while ( (matcher = setMatchers[j++]) ) { + matcher( unmatched, setMatched, context, xml ); + } + + if ( seed ) { + // Reintegrate element matches to eliminate the need for sorting + if ( matchedCount > 0 ) { + while ( i-- ) { + if ( !(unmatched[i] || setMatched[i]) ) { + setMatched[i] = pop.call( results ); + } + } + } + + // Discard index placeholder values to get only actual matches + setMatched = condense( setMatched ); + } + + // Add matches to results + push.apply( results, setMatched ); + + // Seedless set matches succeeding multiple successful matchers stipulate sorting + if ( outermost && !seed && setMatched.length > 0 && + ( matchedCount + setMatchers.length ) > 1 ) { + + Sizzle.uniqueSort( results ); + } + } + + // Override manipulation of globals by nested matchers + if ( outermost ) { + dirruns = dirrunsUnique; + outermostContext = contextBackup; + } + + return unmatched; + }; + + return bySet ? + markFunction( superMatcher ) : + superMatcher; +} + +compile = Sizzle.compile = function( selector, match /* Internal Use Only */ ) { + var i, + setMatchers = [], + elementMatchers = [], + cached = compilerCache[ selector + " " ]; + + if ( !cached ) { + // Generate a function of recursive functions that can be used to check each element + if ( !match ) { + match = tokenize( selector ); + } + i = match.length; + while ( i-- ) { + cached = matcherFromTokens( match[i] ); + if ( cached[ expando ] ) { + setMatchers.push( cached ); + } else { + elementMatchers.push( cached ); + } + } + + // Cache the compiled function + cached = compilerCache( selector, matcherFromGroupMatchers( elementMatchers, setMatchers ) ); + + // Save selector and tokenization + cached.selector = selector; + } + return cached; +}; + +/** + * A low-level selection function that works with Sizzle's compiled + * selector functions + * @param {String|Function} selector A selector or a pre-compiled + * selector function built with Sizzle.compile + * @param {Element} context + * @param {Array} [results] + * @param {Array} [seed] A set of elements to match against + */ +select = Sizzle.select = function( selector, context, results, seed ) { + var i, tokens, token, type, find, + compiled = typeof selector === "function" && selector, + match = !seed && tokenize( (selector = compiled.selector || selector) ); + + results = results || []; + + // Try to minimize operations if there is no seed and only one group + if ( match.length === 1 ) { + + // Take a shortcut and set the context if the root selector is an ID + tokens = match[0] = match[0].slice( 0 ); + if ( tokens.length > 2 && (token = tokens[0]).type === "ID" && + support.getById && context.nodeType === 9 && documentIsHTML && + Expr.relative[ tokens[1].type ] ) { + + context = ( Expr.find["ID"]( token.matches[0].replace(runescape, funescape), context ) || [] )[0]; + if ( !context ) { + return results; + + // Precompiled matchers will still verify ancestry, so step up a level + } else if ( compiled ) { + context = context.parentNode; + } + + selector = selector.slice( tokens.shift().value.length ); + } + + // Fetch a seed set for right-to-left matching + i = matchExpr["needsContext"].test( selector ) ? 0 : tokens.length; + while ( i-- ) { + token = tokens[i]; + + // Abort if we hit a combinator + if ( Expr.relative[ (type = token.type) ] ) { + break; + } + if ( (find = Expr.find[ type ]) ) { + // Search, expanding context for leading sibling combinators + if ( (seed = find( + token.matches[0].replace( runescape, funescape ), + rsibling.test( tokens[0].type ) && testContext( context.parentNode ) || context + )) ) { + + // If seed is empty or no tokens remain, we can return early + tokens.splice( i, 1 ); + selector = seed.length && toSelector( tokens ); + if ( !selector ) { + push.apply( results, seed ); + return results; + } + + break; + } + } + } + } + + // Compile and execute a filtering function if one is not provided + // Provide `match` to avoid retokenization if we modified the selector above + ( compiled || compile( selector, match ) )( + seed, + context, + !documentIsHTML, + results, + rsibling.test( selector ) && testContext( context.parentNode ) || context + ); + return results; +}; + +// One-time assignments + +// Sort stability +support.sortStable = expando.split("").sort( sortOrder ).join("") === expando; + +// Support: Chrome<14 +// Always assume duplicates if they aren't passed to the comparison function +support.detectDuplicates = !!hasDuplicate; + +// Initialize against the default document +setDocument(); + +// Support: Webkit<537.32 - Safari 6.0.3/Chrome 25 (fixed in Chrome 27) +// Detached nodes confoundingly follow *each other* +support.sortDetached = assert(function( div1 ) { + // Should return 1, but returns 4 (following) + return div1.compareDocumentPosition( document.createElement("div") ) & 1; +}); + +// Support: IE<8 +// Prevent attribute/property "interpolation" +// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms536429%28VS.85%29.aspx +if ( !assert(function( div ) { + div.innerHTML = ""; + return div.firstChild.getAttribute("href") === "#" ; +}) ) { + addHandle( "type|href|height|width", function( elem, name, isXML ) { + if ( !isXML ) { + return elem.getAttribute( name, name.toLowerCase() === "type" ? 1 : 2 ); + } + }); +} + +// Support: IE<9 +// Use defaultValue in place of getAttribute("value") +if ( !support.attributes || !assert(function( div ) { + div.innerHTML = ""; + div.firstChild.setAttribute( "value", "" ); + return div.firstChild.getAttribute( "value" ) === ""; +}) ) { + addHandle( "value", function( elem, name, isXML ) { + if ( !isXML && elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() === "input" ) { + return elem.defaultValue; + } + }); +} + +// Support: IE<9 +// Use getAttributeNode to fetch booleans when getAttribute lies +if ( !assert(function( div ) { + return div.getAttribute("disabled") == null; +}) ) { + addHandle( booleans, function( elem, name, isXML ) { + var val; + if ( !isXML ) { + return elem[ name ] === true ? name.toLowerCase() : + (val = elem.getAttributeNode( name )) && val.specified ? + val.value : + null; + } + }); +} + +return Sizzle; + +})( window ); + + + +jQuery.find = Sizzle; +jQuery.expr = Sizzle.selectors; +jQuery.expr[":"] = jQuery.expr.pseudos; +jQuery.unique = Sizzle.uniqueSort; +jQuery.text = Sizzle.getText; +jQuery.isXMLDoc = Sizzle.isXML; +jQuery.contains = Sizzle.contains; + + + +var rneedsContext = jQuery.expr.match.needsContext; + +var rsingleTag = (/^<(\w+)\s*\/?>(?:<\/\1>|)$/); + + + +var risSimple = /^.[^:#\[\.,]*$/; + +// Implement the identical functionality for filter and not +function winnow( elements, qualifier, not ) { + if ( jQuery.isFunction( qualifier ) ) { + return jQuery.grep( elements, function( elem, i ) { + /* jshint -W018 */ + return !!qualifier.call( elem, i, elem ) !== not; + }); + + } + + if ( qualifier.nodeType ) { + return jQuery.grep( elements, function( elem ) { + return ( elem === qualifier ) !== not; + }); + + } + + if ( typeof qualifier === "string" ) { + if ( risSimple.test( qualifier ) ) { + return jQuery.filter( qualifier, elements, not ); + } + + qualifier = jQuery.filter( qualifier, elements ); + } + + return jQuery.grep( elements, function( elem ) { + return ( jQuery.inArray( elem, qualifier ) >= 0 ) !== not; + }); +} + +jQuery.filter = function( expr, elems, not ) { + var elem = elems[ 0 ]; + + if ( not ) { + expr = ":not(" + expr + ")"; + } + + return elems.length === 1 && elem.nodeType === 1 ? + jQuery.find.matchesSelector( elem, expr ) ? [ elem ] : [] : + jQuery.find.matches( expr, jQuery.grep( elems, function( elem ) { + return elem.nodeType === 1; + })); +}; + +jQuery.fn.extend({ + find: function( selector ) { + var i, + ret = [], + self = this, + len = self.length; + + if ( typeof selector !== "string" ) { + return this.pushStack( jQuery( selector ).filter(function() { + for ( i = 0; i < len; i++ ) { + if ( jQuery.contains( self[ i ], this ) ) { + return true; + } + } + }) ); + } + + for ( i = 0; i < len; i++ ) { + jQuery.find( selector, self[ i ], ret ); + } + + // Needed because $( selector, context ) becomes $( context ).find( selector ) + ret = this.pushStack( len > 1 ? jQuery.unique( ret ) : ret ); + ret.selector = this.selector ? this.selector + " " + selector : selector; + return ret; + }, + filter: function( selector ) { + return this.pushStack( winnow(this, selector || [], false) ); + }, + not: function( selector ) { + return this.pushStack( winnow(this, selector || [], true) ); + }, + is: function( selector ) { + return !!winnow( + this, + + // If this is a positional/relative selector, check membership in the returned set + // so $("p:first").is("p:last") won't return true for a doc with two "p". + typeof selector === "string" && rneedsContext.test( selector ) ? + jQuery( selector ) : + selector || [], + false + ).length; + } +}); + + +// Initialize a jQuery object + + +// A central reference to the root jQuery(document) +var rootjQuery, + + // Use the correct document accordingly with window argument (sandbox) + document = window.document, + + // A simple way to check for HTML strings + // Prioritize #id over to avoid XSS via location.hash (#9521) + // Strict HTML recognition (#11290: must start with <) + rquickExpr = /^(?:\s*(<[\w\W]+>)[^>]*|#([\w-]*))$/, + + init = jQuery.fn.init = function( selector, context ) { + var match, elem; + + // HANDLE: $(""), $(null), $(undefined), $(false) + if ( !selector ) { + return this; + } + + // Handle HTML strings + if ( typeof selector === "string" ) { + if ( selector.charAt(0) === "<" && selector.charAt( selector.length - 1 ) === ">" && selector.length >= 3 ) { + // Assume that strings that start and end with <> are HTML and skip the regex check + match = [ null, selector, null ]; + + } else { + match = rquickExpr.exec( selector ); + } + + // Match html or make sure no context is specified for #id + if ( match && (match[1] || !context) ) { + + // HANDLE: $(html) -> $(array) + if ( match[1] ) { + context = context instanceof jQuery ? context[0] : context; + + // scripts is true for back-compat + // Intentionally let the error be thrown if parseHTML is not present + jQuery.merge( this, jQuery.parseHTML( + match[1], + context && context.nodeType ? context.ownerDocument || context : document, + true + ) ); + + // HANDLE: $(html, props) + if ( rsingleTag.test( match[1] ) && jQuery.isPlainObject( context ) ) { + for ( match in context ) { + // Properties of context are called as methods if possible + if ( jQuery.isFunction( this[ match ] ) ) { + this[ match ]( context[ match ] ); + + // ...and otherwise set as attributes + } else { + this.attr( match, context[ match ] ); + } + } + } + + return this; + + // HANDLE: $(#id) + } else { + elem = document.getElementById( match[2] ); + + // Check parentNode to catch when Blackberry 4.6 returns + // nodes that are no longer in the document #6963 + if ( elem && elem.parentNode ) { + // Handle the case where IE and Opera return items + // by name instead of ID + if ( elem.id !== match[2] ) { + return rootjQuery.find( selector ); + } + + // Otherwise, we inject the element directly into the jQuery object + this.length = 1; + this[0] = elem; + } + + this.context = document; + this.selector = selector; + return this; + } + + // HANDLE: $(expr, $(...)) + } else if ( !context || context.jquery ) { + return ( context || rootjQuery ).find( selector ); + + // HANDLE: $(expr, context) + // (which is just equivalent to: $(context).find(expr) + } else { + return this.constructor( context ).find( selector ); + } + + // HANDLE: $(DOMElement) + } else if ( selector.nodeType ) { + this.context = this[0] = selector; + this.length = 1; + return this; + + // HANDLE: $(function) + // Shortcut for document ready + } else if ( jQuery.isFunction( selector ) ) { + return typeof rootjQuery.ready !== "undefined" ? + rootjQuery.ready( selector ) : + // Execute immediately if ready is not present + selector( jQuery ); + } + + if ( selector.selector !== undefined ) { + this.selector = selector.selector; + this.context = selector.context; + } + + return jQuery.makeArray( selector, this ); + }; + +// Give the init function the jQuery prototype for later instantiation +init.prototype = jQuery.fn; + +// Initialize central reference +rootjQuery = jQuery( document ); + + +var rparentsprev = /^(?:parents|prev(?:Until|All))/, + // methods guaranteed to produce a unique set when starting from a unique set + guaranteedUnique = { + children: true, + contents: true, + next: true, + prev: true + }; + +jQuery.extend({ + dir: function( elem, dir, until ) { + var matched = [], + cur = elem[ dir ]; + + while ( cur && cur.nodeType !== 9 && (until === undefined || cur.nodeType !== 1 || !jQuery( cur ).is( until )) ) { + if ( cur.nodeType === 1 ) { + matched.push( cur ); + } + cur = cur[dir]; + } + return matched; + }, + + sibling: function( n, elem ) { + var r = []; + + for ( ; n; n = n.nextSibling ) { + if ( n.nodeType === 1 && n !== elem ) { + r.push( n ); + } + } + + return r; + } +}); + +jQuery.fn.extend({ + has: function( target ) { + var i, + targets = jQuery( target, this ), + len = targets.length; + + return this.filter(function() { + for ( i = 0; i < len; i++ ) { + if ( jQuery.contains( this, targets[i] ) ) { + return true; + } + } + }); + }, + + closest: function( selectors, context ) { + var cur, + i = 0, + l = this.length, + matched = [], + pos = rneedsContext.test( selectors ) || typeof selectors !== "string" ? + jQuery( selectors, context || this.context ) : + 0; + + for ( ; i < l; i++ ) { + for ( cur = this[i]; cur && cur !== context; cur = cur.parentNode ) { + // Always skip document fragments + if ( cur.nodeType < 11 && (pos ? + pos.index(cur) > -1 : + + // Don't pass non-elements to Sizzle + cur.nodeType === 1 && + jQuery.find.matchesSelector(cur, selectors)) ) { + + matched.push( cur ); + break; + } + } + } + + return this.pushStack( matched.length > 1 ? jQuery.unique( matched ) : matched ); + }, + + // Determine the position of an element within + // the matched set of elements + index: function( elem ) { + + // No argument, return index in parent + if ( !elem ) { + return ( this[0] && this[0].parentNode ) ? this.first().prevAll().length : -1; + } + + // index in selector + if ( typeof elem === "string" ) { + return jQuery.inArray( this[0], jQuery( elem ) ); + } + + // Locate the position of the desired element + return jQuery.inArray( + // If it receives a jQuery object, the first element is used + elem.jquery ? elem[0] : elem, this ); + }, + + add: function( selector, context ) { + return this.pushStack( + jQuery.unique( + jQuery.merge( this.get(), jQuery( selector, context ) ) + ) + ); + }, + + addBack: function( selector ) { + return this.add( selector == null ? + this.prevObject : this.prevObject.filter(selector) + ); + } +}); + +function sibling( cur, dir ) { + do { + cur = cur[ dir ]; + } while ( cur && cur.nodeType !== 1 ); + + return cur; +} + +jQuery.each({ + parent: function( elem ) { + var parent = elem.parentNode; + return parent && parent.nodeType !== 11 ? parent : null; + }, + parents: function( elem ) { + return jQuery.dir( elem, "parentNode" ); + }, + parentsUntil: function( elem, i, until ) { + return jQuery.dir( elem, "parentNode", until ); + }, + next: function( elem ) { + return sibling( elem, "nextSibling" ); + }, + prev: function( elem ) { + return sibling( elem, "previousSibling" ); + }, + nextAll: function( elem ) { + return jQuery.dir( elem, "nextSibling" ); + }, + prevAll: function( elem ) { + return jQuery.dir( elem, "previousSibling" ); + }, + nextUntil: function( elem, i, until ) { + return jQuery.dir( elem, "nextSibling", until ); + }, + prevUntil: function( elem, i, until ) { + return jQuery.dir( elem, "previousSibling", until ); + }, + siblings: function( elem ) { + return jQuery.sibling( ( elem.parentNode || {} ).firstChild, elem ); + }, + children: function( elem ) { + return jQuery.sibling( elem.firstChild ); + }, + contents: function( elem ) { + return jQuery.nodeName( elem, "iframe" ) ? + elem.contentDocument || elem.contentWindow.document : + jQuery.merge( [], elem.childNodes ); + } +}, function( name, fn ) { + jQuery.fn[ name ] = function( until, selector ) { + var ret = jQuery.map( this, fn, until ); + + if ( name.slice( -5 ) !== "Until" ) { + selector = until; + } + + if ( selector && typeof selector === "string" ) { + ret = jQuery.filter( selector, ret ); + } + + if ( this.length > 1 ) { + // Remove duplicates + if ( !guaranteedUnique[ name ] ) { + ret = jQuery.unique( ret ); + } + + // Reverse order for parents* and prev-derivatives + if ( rparentsprev.test( name ) ) { + ret = ret.reverse(); + } + } + + return this.pushStack( ret ); + }; +}); +var rnotwhite = (/\S+/g); + + + +// String to Object options format cache +var optionsCache = {}; + +// Convert String-formatted options into Object-formatted ones and store in cache +function createOptions( options ) { + var object = optionsCache[ options ] = {}; + jQuery.each( options.match( rnotwhite ) || [], function( _, flag ) { + object[ flag ] = true; + }); + return object; +} + +/* + * Create a callback list using the following parameters: + * + * options: an optional list of space-separated options that will change how + * the callback list behaves or a more traditional option object + * + * By default a callback list will act like an event callback list and can be + * "fired" multiple times. + * + * Possible options: + * + * once: will ensure the callback list can only be fired once (like a Deferred) + * + * memory: will keep track of previous values and will call any callback added + * after the list has been fired right away with the latest "memorized" + * values (like a Deferred) + * + * unique: will ensure a callback can only be added once (no duplicate in the list) + * + * stopOnFalse: interrupt callings when a callback returns false + * + */ +jQuery.Callbacks = function( options ) { + + // Convert options from String-formatted to Object-formatted if needed + // (we check in cache first) + options = typeof options === "string" ? + ( optionsCache[ options ] || createOptions( options ) ) : + jQuery.extend( {}, options ); + + var // Flag to know if list is currently firing + firing, + // Last fire value (for non-forgettable lists) + memory, + // Flag to know if list was already fired + fired, + // End of the loop when firing + firingLength, + // Index of currently firing callback (modified by remove if needed) + firingIndex, + // First callback to fire (used internally by add and fireWith) + firingStart, + // Actual callback list + list = [], + // Stack of fire calls for repeatable lists + stack = !options.once && [], + // Fire callbacks + fire = function( data ) { + memory = options.memory && data; + fired = true; + firingIndex = firingStart || 0; + firingStart = 0; + firingLength = list.length; + firing = true; + for ( ; list && firingIndex < firingLength; firingIndex++ ) { + if ( list[ firingIndex ].apply( data[ 0 ], data[ 1 ] ) === false && options.stopOnFalse ) { + memory = false; // To prevent further calls using add + break; + } + } + firing = false; + if ( list ) { + if ( stack ) { + if ( stack.length ) { + fire( stack.shift() ); + } + } else if ( memory ) { + list = []; + } else { + self.disable(); + } + } + }, + // Actual Callbacks object + self = { + // Add a callback or a collection of callbacks to the list + add: function() { + if ( list ) { + // First, we save the current length + var start = list.length; + (function add( args ) { + jQuery.each( args, function( _, arg ) { + var type = jQuery.type( arg ); + if ( type === "function" ) { + if ( !options.unique || !self.has( arg ) ) { + list.push( arg ); + } + } else if ( arg && arg.length && type !== "string" ) { + // Inspect recursively + add( arg ); + } + }); + })( arguments ); + // Do we need to add the callbacks to the + // current firing batch? + if ( firing ) { + firingLength = list.length; + // With memory, if we're not firing then + // we should call right away + } else if ( memory ) { + firingStart = start; + fire( memory ); + } + } + return this; + }, + // Remove a callback from the list + remove: function() { + if ( list ) { + jQuery.each( arguments, function( _, arg ) { + var index; + while ( ( index = jQuery.inArray( arg, list, index ) ) > -1 ) { + list.splice( index, 1 ); + // Handle firing indexes + if ( firing ) { + if ( index <= firingLength ) { + firingLength--; + } + if ( index <= firingIndex ) { + firingIndex--; + } + } + } + }); + } + return this; + }, + // Check if a given callback is in the list. + // If no argument is given, return whether or not list has callbacks attached. + has: function( fn ) { + return fn ? jQuery.inArray( fn, list ) > -1 : !!( list && list.length ); + }, + // Remove all callbacks from the list + empty: function() { + list = []; + firingLength = 0; + return this; + }, + // Have the list do nothing anymore + disable: function() { + list = stack = memory = undefined; + return this; + }, + // Is it disabled? + disabled: function() { + return !list; + }, + // Lock the list in its current state + lock: function() { + stack = undefined; + if ( !memory ) { + self.disable(); + } + return this; + }, + // Is it locked? + locked: function() { + return !stack; + }, + // Call all callbacks with the given context and arguments + fireWith: function( context, args ) { + if ( list && ( !fired || stack ) ) { + args = args || []; + args = [ context, args.slice ? args.slice() : args ]; + if ( firing ) { + stack.push( args ); + } else { + fire( args ); + } + } + return this; + }, + // Call all the callbacks with the given arguments + fire: function() { + self.fireWith( this, arguments ); + return this; + }, + // To know if the callbacks have already been called at least once + fired: function() { + return !!fired; + } + }; + + return self; +}; + + +jQuery.extend({ + + Deferred: function( func ) { + var tuples = [ + // action, add listener, listener list, final state + [ "resolve", "done", jQuery.Callbacks("once memory"), "resolved" ], + [ "reject", "fail", jQuery.Callbacks("once memory"), "rejected" ], + [ "notify", "progress", jQuery.Callbacks("memory") ] + ], + state = "pending", + promise = { + state: function() { + return state; + }, + always: function() { + deferred.done( arguments ).fail( arguments ); + return this; + }, + then: function( /* fnDone, fnFail, fnProgress */ ) { + var fns = arguments; + return jQuery.Deferred(function( newDefer ) { + jQuery.each( tuples, function( i, tuple ) { + var fn = jQuery.isFunction( fns[ i ] ) && fns[ i ]; + // deferred[ done | fail | progress ] for forwarding actions to newDefer + deferred[ tuple[1] ](function() { + var returned = fn && fn.apply( this, arguments ); + if ( returned && jQuery.isFunction( returned.promise ) ) { + returned.promise() + .done( newDefer.resolve ) + .fail( newDefer.reject ) + .progress( newDefer.notify ); + } else { + newDefer[ tuple[ 0 ] + "With" ]( this === promise ? newDefer.promise() : this, fn ? [ returned ] : arguments ); + } + }); + }); + fns = null; + }).promise(); + }, + // Get a promise for this deferred + // If obj is provided, the promise aspect is added to the object + promise: function( obj ) { + return obj != null ? jQuery.extend( obj, promise ) : promise; + } + }, + deferred = {}; + + // Keep pipe for back-compat + promise.pipe = promise.then; + + // Add list-specific methods + jQuery.each( tuples, function( i, tuple ) { + var list = tuple[ 2 ], + stateString = tuple[ 3 ]; + + // promise[ done | fail | progress ] = list.add + promise[ tuple[1] ] = list.add; + + // Handle state + if ( stateString ) { + list.add(function() { + // state = [ resolved | rejected ] + state = stateString; + + // [ reject_list | resolve_list ].disable; progress_list.lock + }, tuples[ i ^ 1 ][ 2 ].disable, tuples[ 2 ][ 2 ].lock ); + } + + // deferred[ resolve | reject | notify ] + deferred[ tuple[0] ] = function() { + deferred[ tuple[0] + "With" ]( this === deferred ? promise : this, arguments ); + return this; + }; + deferred[ tuple[0] + "With" ] = list.fireWith; + }); + + // Make the deferred a promise + promise.promise( deferred ); + + // Call given func if any + if ( func ) { + func.call( deferred, deferred ); + } + + // All done! + return deferred; + }, + + // Deferred helper + when: function( subordinate /* , ..., subordinateN */ ) { + var i = 0, + resolveValues = slice.call( arguments ), + length = resolveValues.length, + + // the count of uncompleted subordinates + remaining = length !== 1 || ( subordinate && jQuery.isFunction( subordinate.promise ) ) ? length : 0, + + // the master Deferred. If resolveValues consist of only a single Deferred, just use that. + deferred = remaining === 1 ? subordinate : jQuery.Deferred(), + + // Update function for both resolve and progress values + updateFunc = function( i, contexts, values ) { + return function( value ) { + contexts[ i ] = this; + values[ i ] = arguments.length > 1 ? slice.call( arguments ) : value; + if ( values === progressValues ) { + deferred.notifyWith( contexts, values ); + + } else if ( !(--remaining) ) { + deferred.resolveWith( contexts, values ); + } + }; + }, + + progressValues, progressContexts, resolveContexts; + + // add listeners to Deferred subordinates; treat others as resolved + if ( length > 1 ) { + progressValues = new Array( length ); + progressContexts = new Array( length ); + resolveContexts = new Array( length ); + for ( ; i < length; i++ ) { + if ( resolveValues[ i ] && jQuery.isFunction( resolveValues[ i ].promise ) ) { + resolveValues[ i ].promise() + .done( updateFunc( i, resolveContexts, resolveValues ) ) + .fail( deferred.reject ) + .progress( updateFunc( i, progressContexts, progressValues ) ); + } else { + --remaining; + } + } + } + + // if we're not waiting on anything, resolve the master + if ( !remaining ) { + deferred.resolveWith( resolveContexts, resolveValues ); + } + + return deferred.promise(); + } +}); + + +// The deferred used on DOM ready +var readyList; + +jQuery.fn.ready = function( fn ) { + // Add the callback + jQuery.ready.promise().done( fn ); + + return this; +}; + +jQuery.extend({ + // Is the DOM ready to be used? Set to true once it occurs. + isReady: false, + + // A counter to track how many items to wait for before + // the ready event fires. See #6781 + readyWait: 1, + + // Hold (or release) the ready event + holdReady: function( hold ) { + if ( hold ) { + jQuery.readyWait++; + } else { + jQuery.ready( true ); + } + }, + + // Handle when the DOM is ready + ready: function( wait ) { + + // Abort if there are pending holds or we're already ready + if ( wait === true ? --jQuery.readyWait : jQuery.isReady ) { + return; + } + + // Make sure body exists, at least, in case IE gets a little overzealous (ticket #5443). + if ( !document.body ) { + return setTimeout( jQuery.ready ); + } + + // Remember that the DOM is ready + jQuery.isReady = true; + + // If a normal DOM Ready event fired, decrement, and wait if need be + if ( wait !== true && --jQuery.readyWait > 0 ) { + return; + } + + // If there are functions bound, to execute + readyList.resolveWith( document, [ jQuery ] ); + + // Trigger any bound ready events + if ( jQuery.fn.triggerHandler ) { + jQuery( document ).triggerHandler( "ready" ); + jQuery( document ).off( "ready" ); + } + } +}); + +/** + * Clean-up method for dom ready events + */ +function detach() { + if ( document.addEventListener ) { + document.removeEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", completed, false ); + window.removeEventListener( "load", completed, false ); + + } else { + document.detachEvent( "onreadystatechange", completed ); + window.detachEvent( "onload", completed ); + } +} + +/** + * The ready event handler and self cleanup method + */ +function completed() { + // readyState === "complete" is good enough for us to call the dom ready in oldIE + if ( document.addEventListener || event.type === "load" || document.readyState === "complete" ) { + detach(); + jQuery.ready(); + } +} + +jQuery.ready.promise = function( obj ) { + if ( !readyList ) { + + readyList = jQuery.Deferred(); + + // Catch cases where $(document).ready() is called after the browser event has already occurred. + // we once tried to use readyState "interactive" here, but it caused issues like the one + // discovered by ChrisS here: http://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/12282#comment:15 + if ( document.readyState === "complete" ) { + // Handle it asynchronously to allow scripts the opportunity to delay ready + setTimeout( jQuery.ready ); + + // Standards-based browsers support DOMContentLoaded + } else if ( document.addEventListener ) { + // Use the handy event callback + document.addEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", completed, false ); + + // A fallback to window.onload, that will always work + window.addEventListener( "load", completed, false ); + + // If IE event model is used + } else { + // Ensure firing before onload, maybe late but safe also for iframes + document.attachEvent( "onreadystatechange", completed ); + + // A fallback to window.onload, that will always work + window.attachEvent( "onload", completed ); + + // If IE and not a frame + // continually check to see if the document is ready + var top = false; + + try { + top = window.frameElement == null && document.documentElement; + } catch(e) {} + + if ( top && top.doScroll ) { + (function doScrollCheck() { + if ( !jQuery.isReady ) { + + try { + // Use the trick by Diego Perini + // http://javascript.nwbox.com/IEContentLoaded/ + top.doScroll("left"); + } catch(e) { + return setTimeout( doScrollCheck, 50 ); + } + + // detach all dom ready events + detach(); + + // and execute any waiting functions + jQuery.ready(); + } + })(); + } + } + } + return readyList.promise( obj ); +}; + + +var strundefined = typeof undefined; + + + +// Support: IE<9 +// Iteration over object's inherited properties before its own +var i; +for ( i in jQuery( support ) ) { + break; +} +support.ownLast = i !== "0"; + +// Note: most support tests are defined in their respective modules. +// false until the test is run +support.inlineBlockNeedsLayout = false; + +// Execute ASAP in case we need to set body.style.zoom +jQuery(function() { + // Minified: var a,b,c,d + var val, div, body, container; + + body = document.getElementsByTagName( "body" )[ 0 ]; + if ( !body || !body.style ) { + // Return for frameset docs that don't have a body + return; + } + + // Setup + div = document.createElement( "div" ); + container = document.createElement( "div" ); + container.style.cssText = "position:absolute;border:0;width:0;height:0;top:0;left:-9999px"; + body.appendChild( container ).appendChild( div ); + + if ( typeof div.style.zoom !== strundefined ) { + // Support: IE<8 + // Check if natively block-level elements act like inline-block + // elements when setting their display to 'inline' and giving + // them layout + div.style.cssText = "display:inline;margin:0;border:0;padding:1px;width:1px;zoom:1"; + + support.inlineBlockNeedsLayout = val = div.offsetWidth === 3; + if ( val ) { + // Prevent IE 6 from affecting layout for positioned elements #11048 + // Prevent IE from shrinking the body in IE 7 mode #12869 + // Support: IE<8 + body.style.zoom = 1; + } + } + + body.removeChild( container ); +}); + + + + +(function() { + var div = document.createElement( "div" ); + + // Execute the test only if not already executed in another module. + if (support.deleteExpando == null) { + // Support: IE<9 + support.deleteExpando = true; + try { + delete div.test; + } catch( e ) { + support.deleteExpando = false; + } + } + + // Null elements to avoid leaks in IE. + div = null; +})(); + + +/** + * Determines whether an object can have data + */ +jQuery.acceptData = function( elem ) { + var noData = jQuery.noData[ (elem.nodeName + " ").toLowerCase() ], + nodeType = +elem.nodeType || 1; + + // Do not set data on non-element DOM nodes because it will not be cleared (#8335). + return nodeType !== 1 && nodeType !== 9 ? + false : + + // Nodes accept data unless otherwise specified; rejection can be conditional + !noData || noData !== true && elem.getAttribute("classid") === noData; +}; + + +var rbrace = /^(?:\{[\w\W]*\}|\[[\w\W]*\])$/, + rmultiDash = /([A-Z])/g; + +function dataAttr( elem, key, data ) { + // If nothing was found internally, try to fetch any + // data from the HTML5 data-* attribute + if ( data === undefined && elem.nodeType === 1 ) { + + var name = "data-" + key.replace( rmultiDash, "-$1" ).toLowerCase(); + + data = elem.getAttribute( name ); + + if ( typeof data === "string" ) { + try { + data = data === "true" ? true : + data === "false" ? false : + data === "null" ? null : + // Only convert to a number if it doesn't change the string + +data + "" === data ? +data : + rbrace.test( data ) ? jQuery.parseJSON( data ) : + data; + } catch( e ) {} + + // Make sure we set the data so it isn't changed later + jQuery.data( elem, key, data ); + + } else { + data = undefined; + } + } + + return data; +} + +// checks a cache object for emptiness +function isEmptyDataObject( obj ) { + var name; + for ( name in obj ) { + + // if the public data object is empty, the private is still empty + if ( name === "data" && jQuery.isEmptyObject( obj[name] ) ) { + continue; + } + if ( name !== "toJSON" ) { + return false; + } + } + + return true; +} + +function internalData( elem, name, data, pvt /* Internal Use Only */ ) { + if ( !jQuery.acceptData( elem ) ) { + return; + } + + var ret, thisCache, + internalKey = jQuery.expando, + + // We have to handle DOM nodes and JS objects differently because IE6-7 + // can't GC object references properly across the DOM-JS boundary + isNode = elem.nodeType, + + // Only DOM nodes need the global jQuery cache; JS object data is + // attached directly to the object so GC can occur automatically + cache = isNode ? jQuery.cache : elem, + + // Only defining an ID for JS objects if its cache already exists allows + // the code to shortcut on the same path as a DOM node with no cache + id = isNode ? elem[ internalKey ] : elem[ internalKey ] && internalKey; + + // Avoid doing any more work than we need to when trying to get data on an + // object that has no data at all + if ( (!id || !cache[id] || (!pvt && !cache[id].data)) && data === undefined && typeof name === "string" ) { + return; + } + + if ( !id ) { + // Only DOM nodes need a new unique ID for each element since their data + // ends up in the global cache + if ( isNode ) { + id = elem[ internalKey ] = deletedIds.pop() || jQuery.guid++; + } else { + id = internalKey; + } + } + + if ( !cache[ id ] ) { + // Avoid exposing jQuery metadata on plain JS objects when the object + // is serialized using JSON.stringify + cache[ id ] = isNode ? {} : { toJSON: jQuery.noop }; + } + + // An object can be passed to jQuery.data instead of a key/value pair; this gets + // shallow copied over onto the existing cache + if ( typeof name === "object" || typeof name === "function" ) { + if ( pvt ) { + cache[ id ] = jQuery.extend( cache[ id ], name ); + } else { + cache[ id ].data = jQuery.extend( cache[ id ].data, name ); + } + } + + thisCache = cache[ id ]; + + // jQuery data() is stored in a separate object inside the object's internal data + // cache in order to avoid key collisions between internal data and user-defined + // data. + if ( !pvt ) { + if ( !thisCache.data ) { + thisCache.data = {}; + } + + thisCache = thisCache.data; + } + + if ( data !== undefined ) { + thisCache[ jQuery.camelCase( name ) ] = data; + } + + // Check for both converted-to-camel and non-converted data property names + // If a data property was specified + if ( typeof name === "string" ) { + + // First Try to find as-is property data + ret = thisCache[ name ]; + + // Test for null|undefined property data + if ( ret == null ) { + + // Try to find the camelCased property + ret = thisCache[ jQuery.camelCase( name ) ]; + } + } else { + ret = thisCache; + } + + return ret; +} + +function internalRemoveData( elem, name, pvt ) { + if ( !jQuery.acceptData( elem ) ) { + return; + } + + var thisCache, i, + isNode = elem.nodeType, + + // See jQuery.data for more information + cache = isNode ? jQuery.cache : elem, + id = isNode ? elem[ jQuery.expando ] : jQuery.expando; + + // If there is already no cache entry for this object, there is no + // purpose in continuing + if ( !cache[ id ] ) { + return; + } + + if ( name ) { + + thisCache = pvt ? cache[ id ] : cache[ id ].data; + + if ( thisCache ) { + + // Support array or space separated string names for data keys + if ( !jQuery.isArray( name ) ) { + + // try the string as a key before any manipulation + if ( name in thisCache ) { + name = [ name ]; + } else { + + // split the camel cased version by spaces unless a key with the spaces exists + name = jQuery.camelCase( name ); + if ( name in thisCache ) { + name = [ name ]; + } else { + name = name.split(" "); + } + } + } else { + // If "name" is an array of keys... + // When data is initially created, via ("key", "val") signature, + // keys will be converted to camelCase. + // Since there is no way to tell _how_ a key was added, remove + // both plain key and camelCase key. #12786 + // This will only penalize the array argument path. + name = name.concat( jQuery.map( name, jQuery.camelCase ) ); + } + + i = name.length; + while ( i-- ) { + delete thisCache[ name[i] ]; + } + + // If there is no data left in the cache, we want to continue + // and let the cache object itself get destroyed + if ( pvt ? !isEmptyDataObject(thisCache) : !jQuery.isEmptyObject(thisCache) ) { + return; + } + } + } + + // See jQuery.data for more information + if ( !pvt ) { + delete cache[ id ].data; + + // Don't destroy the parent cache unless the internal data object + // had been the only thing left in it + if ( !isEmptyDataObject( cache[ id ] ) ) { + return; + } + } + + // Destroy the cache + if ( isNode ) { + jQuery.cleanData( [ elem ], true ); + + // Use delete when supported for expandos or `cache` is not a window per isWindow (#10080) + /* jshint eqeqeq: false */ + } else if ( support.deleteExpando || cache != cache.window ) { + /* jshint eqeqeq: true */ + delete cache[ id ]; + + // When all else fails, null + } else { + cache[ id ] = null; + } +} + +jQuery.extend({ + cache: {}, + + // The following elements (space-suffixed to avoid Object.prototype collisions) + // throw uncatchable exceptions if you attempt to set expando properties + noData: { + "applet ": true, + "embed ": true, + // ...but Flash objects (which have this classid) *can* handle expandos + "object ": "clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" + }, + + hasData: function( elem ) { + elem = elem.nodeType ? jQuery.cache[ elem[jQuery.expando] ] : elem[ jQuery.expando ]; + return !!elem && !isEmptyDataObject( elem ); + }, + + data: function( elem, name, data ) { + return internalData( elem, name, data ); + }, + + removeData: function( elem, name ) { + return internalRemoveData( elem, name ); + }, + + // For internal use only. + _data: function( elem, name, data ) { + return internalData( elem, name, data, true ); + }, + + _removeData: function( elem, name ) { + return internalRemoveData( elem, name, true ); + } +}); + +jQuery.fn.extend({ + data: function( key, value ) { + var i, name, data, + elem = this[0], + attrs = elem && elem.attributes; + + // Special expections of .data basically thwart jQuery.access, + // so implement the relevant behavior ourselves + + // Gets all values + if ( key === undefined ) { + if ( this.length ) { + data = jQuery.data( elem ); + + if ( elem.nodeType === 1 && !jQuery._data( elem, "parsedAttrs" ) ) { + i = attrs.length; + while ( i-- ) { + + // Support: IE11+ + // The attrs elements can be null (#14894) + if ( attrs[ i ] ) { + name = attrs[ i ].name; + if ( name.indexOf( "data-" ) === 0 ) { + name = jQuery.camelCase( name.slice(5) ); + dataAttr( elem, name, data[ name ] ); + } + } + } + jQuery._data( elem, "parsedAttrs", true ); + } + } + + return data; + } + + // Sets multiple values + if ( typeof key === "object" ) { + return this.each(function() { + jQuery.data( this, key ); + }); + } + + return arguments.length > 1 ? + + // Sets one value + this.each(function() { + jQuery.data( this, key, value ); + }) : + + // Gets one value + // Try to fetch any internally stored data first + elem ? dataAttr( elem, key, jQuery.data( elem, key ) ) : undefined; + }, + + removeData: function( key ) { + return this.each(function() { + jQuery.removeData( this, key ); + }); + } +}); + + +jQuery.extend({ + queue: function( elem, type, data ) { + var queue; + + if ( elem ) { + type = ( type || "fx" ) + "queue"; + queue = jQuery._data( elem, type ); + + // Speed up dequeue by getting out quickly if this is just a lookup + if ( data ) { + if ( !queue || jQuery.isArray(data) ) { + queue = jQuery._data( elem, type, jQuery.makeArray(data) ); + } else { + queue.push( data ); + } + } + return queue || []; + } + }, + + dequeue: function( elem, type ) { + type = type || "fx"; + + var queue = jQuery.queue( elem, type ), + startLength = queue.length, + fn = queue.shift(), + hooks = jQuery._queueHooks( elem, type ), + next = function() { + jQuery.dequeue( elem, type ); + }; + + // If the fx queue is dequeued, always remove the progress sentinel + if ( fn === "inprogress" ) { + fn = queue.shift(); + startLength--; + } + + if ( fn ) { + + // Add a progress sentinel to prevent the fx queue from being + // automatically dequeued + if ( type === "fx" ) { + queue.unshift( "inprogress" ); + } + + // clear up the last queue stop function + delete hooks.stop; + fn.call( elem, next, hooks ); + } + + if ( !startLength && hooks ) { + hooks.empty.fire(); + } + }, + + // not intended for public consumption - generates a queueHooks object, or returns the current one + _queueHooks: function( elem, type ) { + var key = type + "queueHooks"; + return jQuery._data( elem, key ) || jQuery._data( elem, key, { + empty: jQuery.Callbacks("once memory").add(function() { + jQuery._removeData( elem, type + "queue" ); + jQuery._removeData( elem, key ); + }) + }); + } +}); + +jQuery.fn.extend({ + queue: function( type, data ) { + var setter = 2; + + if ( typeof type !== "string" ) { + data = type; + type = "fx"; + setter--; + } + + if ( arguments.length < setter ) { + return jQuery.queue( this[0], type ); + } + + return data === undefined ? + this : + this.each(function() { + var queue = jQuery.queue( this, type, data ); + + // ensure a hooks for this queue + jQuery._queueHooks( this, type ); + + if ( type === "fx" && queue[0] !== "inprogress" ) { + jQuery.dequeue( this, type ); + } + }); + }, + dequeue: function( type ) { + return this.each(function() { + jQuery.dequeue( this, type ); + }); + }, + clearQueue: function( type ) { + return this.queue( type || "fx", [] ); + }, + // Get a promise resolved when queues of a certain type + // are emptied (fx is the type by default) + promise: function( type, obj ) { + var tmp, + count = 1, + defer = jQuery.Deferred(), + elements = this, + i = this.length, + resolve = function() { + if ( !( --count ) ) { + defer.resolveWith( elements, [ elements ] ); + } + }; + + if ( typeof type !== "string" ) { + obj = type; + type = undefined; + } + type = type || "fx"; + + while ( i-- ) { + tmp = jQuery._data( elements[ i ], type + "queueHooks" ); + if ( tmp && tmp.empty ) { + count++; + tmp.empty.add( resolve ); + } + } + resolve(); + return defer.promise( obj ); + } +}); +var pnum = (/[+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|)/).source; + +var cssExpand = [ "Top", "Right", "Bottom", "Left" ]; + +var isHidden = function( elem, el ) { + // isHidden might be called from jQuery#filter function; + // in that case, element will be second argument + elem = el || elem; + return jQuery.css( elem, "display" ) === "none" || !jQuery.contains( elem.ownerDocument, elem ); + }; + + + +// Multifunctional method to get and set values of a collection +// The value/s can optionally be executed if it's a function +var access = jQuery.access = function( elems, fn, key, value, chainable, emptyGet, raw ) { + var i = 0, + length = elems.length, + bulk = key == null; + + // Sets many values + if ( jQuery.type( key ) === "object" ) { + chainable = true; + for ( i in key ) { + jQuery.access( elems, fn, i, key[i], true, emptyGet, raw ); + } + + // Sets one value + } else if ( value !== undefined ) { + chainable = true; + + if ( !jQuery.isFunction( value ) ) { + raw = true; + } + + if ( bulk ) { + // Bulk operations run against the entire set + if ( raw ) { + fn.call( elems, value ); + fn = null; + + // ...except when executing function values + } else { + bulk = fn; + fn = function( elem, key, value ) { + return bulk.call( jQuery( elem ), value ); + }; + } + } + + if ( fn ) { + for ( ; i < length; i++ ) { + fn( elems[i], key, raw ? value : value.call( elems[i], i, fn( elems[i], key ) ) ); + } + } + } + + return chainable ? + elems : + + // Gets + bulk ? + fn.call( elems ) : + length ? fn( elems[0], key ) : emptyGet; +}; +var rcheckableType = (/^(?:checkbox|radio)$/i); + + + +(function() { + // Minified: var a,b,c + var input = document.createElement( "input" ), + div = document.createElement( "div" ), + fragment = document.createDocumentFragment(); + + // Setup + div.innerHTML = "
a"; + + // IE strips leading whitespace when .innerHTML is used + support.leadingWhitespace = div.firstChild.nodeType === 3; + + // Make sure that tbody elements aren't automatically inserted + // IE will insert them into empty tables + support.tbody = !div.getElementsByTagName( "tbody" ).length; + + // Make sure that link elements get serialized correctly by innerHTML + // This requires a wrapper element in IE + support.htmlSerialize = !!div.getElementsByTagName( "link" ).length; + + // Makes sure cloning an html5 element does not cause problems + // Where outerHTML is undefined, this still works + support.html5Clone = + document.createElement( "nav" ).cloneNode( true ).outerHTML !== "<:nav>"; + + // Check if a disconnected checkbox will retain its checked + // value of true after appended to the DOM (IE6/7) + input.type = "checkbox"; + input.checked = true; + fragment.appendChild( input ); + support.appendChecked = input.checked; + + // Make sure textarea (and checkbox) defaultValue is properly cloned + // Support: IE6-IE11+ + div.innerHTML = ""; + support.noCloneChecked = !!div.cloneNode( true ).lastChild.defaultValue; + + // #11217 - WebKit loses check when the name is after the checked attribute + fragment.appendChild( div ); + div.innerHTML = ""; + + // Support: Safari 5.1, iOS 5.1, Android 4.x, Android 2.3 + // old WebKit doesn't clone checked state correctly in fragments + support.checkClone = div.cloneNode( true ).cloneNode( true ).lastChild.checked; + + // Support: IE<9 + // Opera does not clone events (and typeof div.attachEvent === undefined). + // IE9-10 clones events bound via attachEvent, but they don't trigger with .click() + support.noCloneEvent = true; + if ( div.attachEvent ) { + div.attachEvent( "onclick", function() { + support.noCloneEvent = false; + }); + + div.cloneNode( true ).click(); + } + + // Execute the test only if not already executed in another module. + if (support.deleteExpando == null) { + // Support: IE<9 + support.deleteExpando = true; + try { + delete div.test; + } catch( e ) { + support.deleteExpando = false; + } + } +})(); + + +(function() { + var i, eventName, + div = document.createElement( "div" ); + + // Support: IE<9 (lack submit/change bubble), Firefox 23+ (lack focusin event) + for ( i in { submit: true, change: true, focusin: true }) { + eventName = "on" + i; + + if ( !(support[ i + "Bubbles" ] = eventName in window) ) { + // Beware of CSP restrictions (https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Security/CSP) + div.setAttribute( eventName, "t" ); + support[ i + "Bubbles" ] = div.attributes[ eventName ].expando === false; + } + } + + // Null elements to avoid leaks in IE. + div = null; +})(); + + +var rformElems = /^(?:input|select|textarea)$/i, + rkeyEvent = /^key/, + rmouseEvent = /^(?:mouse|pointer|contextmenu)|click/, + rfocusMorph = /^(?:focusinfocus|focusoutblur)$/, + rtypenamespace = /^([^.]*)(?:\.(.+)|)$/; + +function returnTrue() { + return true; +} + +function returnFalse() { + return false; +} + +function safeActiveElement() { + try { + return document.activeElement; + } catch ( err ) { } +} + +/* + * Helper functions for managing events -- not part of the public interface. + * Props to Dean Edwards' addEvent library for many of the ideas. + */ +jQuery.event = { + + global: {}, + + add: function( elem, types, handler, data, selector ) { + var tmp, events, t, handleObjIn, + special, eventHandle, handleObj, + handlers, type, namespaces, origType, + elemData = jQuery._data( elem ); + + // Don't attach events to noData or text/comment nodes (but allow plain objects) + if ( !elemData ) { + return; + } + + // Caller can pass in an object of custom data in lieu of the handler + if ( handler.handler ) { + handleObjIn = handler; + handler = handleObjIn.handler; + selector = handleObjIn.selector; + } + + // Make sure that the handler has a unique ID, used to find/remove it later + if ( !handler.guid ) { + handler.guid = jQuery.guid++; + } + + // Init the element's event structure and main handler, if this is the first + if ( !(events = elemData.events) ) { + events = elemData.events = {}; + } + if ( !(eventHandle = elemData.handle) ) { + eventHandle = elemData.handle = function( e ) { + // Discard the second event of a jQuery.event.trigger() and + // when an event is called after a page has unloaded + return typeof jQuery !== strundefined && (!e || jQuery.event.triggered !== e.type) ? + jQuery.event.dispatch.apply( eventHandle.elem, arguments ) : + undefined; + }; + // Add elem as a property of the handle fn to prevent a memory leak with IE non-native events + eventHandle.elem = elem; + } + + // Handle multiple events separated by a space + types = ( types || "" ).match( rnotwhite ) || [ "" ]; + t = types.length; + while ( t-- ) { + tmp = rtypenamespace.exec( types[t] ) || []; + type = origType = tmp[1]; + namespaces = ( tmp[2] || "" ).split( "." ).sort(); + + // There *must* be a type, no attaching namespace-only handlers + if ( !type ) { + continue; + } + + // If event changes its type, use the special event handlers for the changed type + special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {}; + + // If selector defined, determine special event api type, otherwise given type + type = ( selector ? special.delegateType : special.bindType ) || type; + + // Update special based on newly reset type + special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {}; + + // handleObj is passed to all event handlers + handleObj = jQuery.extend({ + type: type, + origType: origType, + data: data, + handler: handler, + guid: handler.guid, + selector: selector, + needsContext: selector && jQuery.expr.match.needsContext.test( selector ), + namespace: namespaces.join(".") + }, handleObjIn ); + + // Init the event handler queue if we're the first + if ( !(handlers = events[ type ]) ) { + handlers = events[ type ] = []; + handlers.delegateCount = 0; + + // Only use addEventListener/attachEvent if the special events handler returns false + if ( !special.setup || special.setup.call( elem, data, namespaces, eventHandle ) === false ) { + // Bind the global event handler to the element + if ( elem.addEventListener ) { + elem.addEventListener( type, eventHandle, false ); + + } else if ( elem.attachEvent ) { + elem.attachEvent( "on" + type, eventHandle ); + } + } + } + + if ( special.add ) { + special.add.call( elem, handleObj ); + + if ( !handleObj.handler.guid ) { + handleObj.handler.guid = handler.guid; + } + } + + // Add to the element's handler list, delegates in front + if ( selector ) { + handlers.splice( handlers.delegateCount++, 0, handleObj ); + } else { + handlers.push( handleObj ); + } + + // Keep track of which events have ever been used, for event optimization + jQuery.event.global[ type ] = true; + } + + // Nullify elem to prevent memory leaks in IE + elem = null; + }, + + // Detach an event or set of events from an element + remove: function( elem, types, handler, selector, mappedTypes ) { + var j, handleObj, tmp, + origCount, t, events, + special, handlers, type, + namespaces, origType, + elemData = jQuery.hasData( elem ) && jQuery._data( elem ); + + if ( !elemData || !(events = elemData.events) ) { + return; + } + + // Once for each type.namespace in types; type may be omitted + types = ( types || "" ).match( rnotwhite ) || [ "" ]; + t = types.length; + while ( t-- ) { + tmp = rtypenamespace.exec( types[t] ) || []; + type = origType = tmp[1]; + namespaces = ( tmp[2] || "" ).split( "." ).sort(); + + // Unbind all events (on this namespace, if provided) for the element + if ( !type ) { + for ( type in events ) { + jQuery.event.remove( elem, type + types[ t ], handler, selector, true ); + } + continue; + } + + special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {}; + type = ( selector ? special.delegateType : special.bindType ) || type; + handlers = events[ type ] || []; + tmp = tmp[2] && new RegExp( "(^|\\.)" + namespaces.join("\\.(?:.*\\.|)") + "(\\.|$)" ); + + // Remove matching events + origCount = j = handlers.length; + while ( j-- ) { + handleObj = handlers[ j ]; + + if ( ( mappedTypes || origType === handleObj.origType ) && + ( !handler || handler.guid === handleObj.guid ) && + ( !tmp || tmp.test( handleObj.namespace ) ) && + ( !selector || selector === handleObj.selector || selector === "**" && handleObj.selector ) ) { + handlers.splice( j, 1 ); + + if ( handleObj.selector ) { + handlers.delegateCount--; + } + if ( special.remove ) { + special.remove.call( elem, handleObj ); + } + } + } + + // Remove generic event handler if we removed something and no more handlers exist + // (avoids potential for endless recursion during removal of special event handlers) + if ( origCount && !handlers.length ) { + if ( !special.teardown || special.teardown.call( elem, namespaces, elemData.handle ) === false ) { + jQuery.removeEvent( elem, type, elemData.handle ); + } + + delete events[ type ]; + } + } + + // Remove the expando if it's no longer used + if ( jQuery.isEmptyObject( events ) ) { + delete elemData.handle; + + // removeData also checks for emptiness and clears the expando if empty + // so use it instead of delete + jQuery._removeData( elem, "events" ); + } + }, + + trigger: function( event, data, elem, onlyHandlers ) { + var handle, ontype, cur, + bubbleType, special, tmp, i, + eventPath = [ elem || document ], + type = hasOwn.call( event, "type" ) ? event.type : event, + namespaces = hasOwn.call( event, "namespace" ) ? event.namespace.split(".") : []; + + cur = tmp = elem = elem || document; + + // Don't do events on text and comment nodes + if ( elem.nodeType === 3 || elem.nodeType === 8 ) { + return; + } + + // focus/blur morphs to focusin/out; ensure we're not firing them right now + if ( rfocusMorph.test( type + jQuery.event.triggered ) ) { + return; + } + + if ( type.indexOf(".") >= 0 ) { + // Namespaced trigger; create a regexp to match event type in handle() + namespaces = type.split("."); + type = namespaces.shift(); + namespaces.sort(); + } + ontype = type.indexOf(":") < 0 && "on" + type; + + // Caller can pass in a jQuery.Event object, Object, or just an event type string + event = event[ jQuery.expando ] ? + event : + new jQuery.Event( type, typeof event === "object" && event ); + + // Trigger bitmask: & 1 for native handlers; & 2 for jQuery (always true) + event.isTrigger = onlyHandlers ? 2 : 3; + event.namespace = namespaces.join("."); + event.namespace_re = event.namespace ? + new RegExp( "(^|\\.)" + namespaces.join("\\.(?:.*\\.|)") + "(\\.|$)" ) : + null; + + // Clean up the event in case it is being reused + event.result = undefined; + if ( !event.target ) { + event.target = elem; + } + + // Clone any incoming data and prepend the event, creating the handler arg list + data = data == null ? + [ event ] : + jQuery.makeArray( data, [ event ] ); + + // Allow special events to draw outside the lines + special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {}; + if ( !onlyHandlers && special.trigger && special.trigger.apply( elem, data ) === false ) { + return; + } + + // Determine event propagation path in advance, per W3C events spec (#9951) + // Bubble up to document, then to window; watch for a global ownerDocument var (#9724) + if ( !onlyHandlers && !special.noBubble && !jQuery.isWindow( elem ) ) { + + bubbleType = special.delegateType || type; + if ( !rfocusMorph.test( bubbleType + type ) ) { + cur = cur.parentNode; + } + for ( ; cur; cur = cur.parentNode ) { + eventPath.push( cur ); + tmp = cur; + } + + // Only add window if we got to document (e.g., not plain obj or detached DOM) + if ( tmp === (elem.ownerDocument || document) ) { + eventPath.push( tmp.defaultView || tmp.parentWindow || window ); + } + } + + // Fire handlers on the event path + i = 0; + while ( (cur = eventPath[i++]) && !event.isPropagationStopped() ) { + + event.type = i > 1 ? + bubbleType : + special.bindType || type; + + // jQuery handler + handle = ( jQuery._data( cur, "events" ) || {} )[ event.type ] && jQuery._data( cur, "handle" ); + if ( handle ) { + handle.apply( cur, data ); + } + + // Native handler + handle = ontype && cur[ ontype ]; + if ( handle && handle.apply && jQuery.acceptData( cur ) ) { + event.result = handle.apply( cur, data ); + if ( event.result === false ) { + event.preventDefault(); + } + } + } + event.type = type; + + // If nobody prevented the default action, do it now + if ( !onlyHandlers && !event.isDefaultPrevented() ) { + + if ( (!special._default || special._default.apply( eventPath.pop(), data ) === false) && + jQuery.acceptData( elem ) ) { + + // Call a native DOM method on the target with the same name name as the event. + // Can't use an .isFunction() check here because IE6/7 fails that test. + // Don't do default actions on window, that's where global variables be (#6170) + if ( ontype && elem[ type ] && !jQuery.isWindow( elem ) ) { + + // Don't re-trigger an onFOO event when we call its FOO() method + tmp = elem[ ontype ]; + + if ( tmp ) { + elem[ ontype ] = null; + } + + // Prevent re-triggering of the same event, since we already bubbled it above + jQuery.event.triggered = type; + try { + elem[ type ](); + } catch ( e ) { + // IE<9 dies on focus/blur to hidden element (#1486,#12518) + // only reproducible on winXP IE8 native, not IE9 in IE8 mode + } + jQuery.event.triggered = undefined; + + if ( tmp ) { + elem[ ontype ] = tmp; + } + } + } + } + + return event.result; + }, + + dispatch: function( event ) { + + // Make a writable jQuery.Event from the native event object + event = jQuery.event.fix( event ); + + var i, ret, handleObj, matched, j, + handlerQueue = [], + args = slice.call( arguments ), + handlers = ( jQuery._data( this, "events" ) || {} )[ event.type ] || [], + special = jQuery.event.special[ event.type ] || {}; + + // Use the fix-ed jQuery.Event rather than the (read-only) native event + args[0] = event; + event.delegateTarget = this; + + // Call the preDispatch hook for the mapped type, and let it bail if desired + if ( special.preDispatch && special.preDispatch.call( this, event ) === false ) { + return; + } + + // Determine handlers + handlerQueue = jQuery.event.handlers.call( this, event, handlers ); + + // Run delegates first; they may want to stop propagation beneath us + i = 0; + while ( (matched = handlerQueue[ i++ ]) && !event.isPropagationStopped() ) { + event.currentTarget = matched.elem; + + j = 0; + while ( (handleObj = matched.handlers[ j++ ]) && !event.isImmediatePropagationStopped() ) { + + // Triggered event must either 1) have no namespace, or + // 2) have namespace(s) a subset or equal to those in the bound event (both can have no namespace). + if ( !event.namespace_re || event.namespace_re.test( handleObj.namespace ) ) { + + event.handleObj = handleObj; + event.data = handleObj.data; + + ret = ( (jQuery.event.special[ handleObj.origType ] || {}).handle || handleObj.handler ) + .apply( matched.elem, args ); + + if ( ret !== undefined ) { + if ( (event.result = ret) === false ) { + event.preventDefault(); + event.stopPropagation(); + } + } + } + } + } + + // Call the postDispatch hook for the mapped type + if ( special.postDispatch ) { + special.postDispatch.call( this, event ); + } + + return event.result; + }, + + handlers: function( event, handlers ) { + var sel, handleObj, matches, i, + handlerQueue = [], + delegateCount = handlers.delegateCount, + cur = event.target; + + // Find delegate handlers + // Black-hole SVG instance trees (#13180) + // Avoid non-left-click bubbling in Firefox (#3861) + if ( delegateCount && cur.nodeType && (!event.button || event.type !== "click") ) { + + /* jshint eqeqeq: false */ + for ( ; cur != this; cur = cur.parentNode || this ) { + /* jshint eqeqeq: true */ + + // Don't check non-elements (#13208) + // Don't process clicks on disabled elements (#6911, #8165, #11382, #11764) + if ( cur.nodeType === 1 && (cur.disabled !== true || event.type !== "click") ) { + matches = []; + for ( i = 0; i < delegateCount; i++ ) { + handleObj = handlers[ i ]; + + // Don't conflict with Object.prototype properties (#13203) + sel = handleObj.selector + " "; + + if ( matches[ sel ] === undefined ) { + matches[ sel ] = handleObj.needsContext ? + jQuery( sel, this ).index( cur ) >= 0 : + jQuery.find( sel, this, null, [ cur ] ).length; + } + if ( matches[ sel ] ) { + matches.push( handleObj ); + } + } + if ( matches.length ) { + handlerQueue.push({ elem: cur, handlers: matches }); + } + } + } + } + + // Add the remaining (directly-bound) handlers + if ( delegateCount < handlers.length ) { + handlerQueue.push({ elem: this, handlers: handlers.slice( delegateCount ) }); + } + + return handlerQueue; + }, + + fix: function( event ) { + if ( event[ jQuery.expando ] ) { + return event; + } + + // Create a writable copy of the event object and normalize some properties + var i, prop, copy, + type = event.type, + originalEvent = event, + fixHook = this.fixHooks[ type ]; + + if ( !fixHook ) { + this.fixHooks[ type ] = fixHook = + rmouseEvent.test( type ) ? this.mouseHooks : + rkeyEvent.test( type ) ? this.keyHooks : + {}; + } + copy = fixHook.props ? this.props.concat( fixHook.props ) : this.props; + + event = new jQuery.Event( originalEvent ); + + i = copy.length; + while ( i-- ) { + prop = copy[ i ]; + event[ prop ] = originalEvent[ prop ]; + } + + // Support: IE<9 + // Fix target property (#1925) + if ( !event.target ) { + event.target = originalEvent.srcElement || document; + } + + // Support: Chrome 23+, Safari? + // Target should not be a text node (#504, #13143) + if ( event.target.nodeType === 3 ) { + event.target = event.target.parentNode; + } + + // Support: IE<9 + // For mouse/key events, metaKey==false if it's undefined (#3368, #11328) + event.metaKey = !!event.metaKey; + + return fixHook.filter ? fixHook.filter( event, originalEvent ) : event; + }, + + // Includes some event props shared by KeyEvent and MouseEvent + props: "altKey bubbles cancelable ctrlKey currentTarget eventPhase metaKey relatedTarget shiftKey target timeStamp view which".split(" "), + + fixHooks: {}, + + keyHooks: { + props: "char charCode key keyCode".split(" "), + filter: function( event, original ) { + + // Add which for key events + if ( event.which == null ) { + event.which = original.charCode != null ? original.charCode : original.keyCode; + } + + return event; + } + }, + + mouseHooks: { + props: "button buttons clientX clientY fromElement offsetX offsetY pageX pageY screenX screenY toElement".split(" "), + filter: function( event, original ) { + var body, eventDoc, doc, + button = original.button, + fromElement = original.fromElement; + + // Calculate pageX/Y if missing and clientX/Y available + if ( event.pageX == null && original.clientX != null ) { + eventDoc = event.target.ownerDocument || document; + doc = eventDoc.documentElement; + body = eventDoc.body; + + event.pageX = original.clientX + ( doc && doc.scrollLeft || body && body.scrollLeft || 0 ) - ( doc && doc.clientLeft || body && body.clientLeft || 0 ); + event.pageY = original.clientY + ( doc && doc.scrollTop || body && body.scrollTop || 0 ) - ( doc && doc.clientTop || body && body.clientTop || 0 ); + } + + // Add relatedTarget, if necessary + if ( !event.relatedTarget && fromElement ) { + event.relatedTarget = fromElement === event.target ? original.toElement : fromElement; + } + + // Add which for click: 1 === left; 2 === middle; 3 === right + // Note: button is not normalized, so don't use it + if ( !event.which && button !== undefined ) { + event.which = ( button & 1 ? 1 : ( button & 2 ? 3 : ( button & 4 ? 2 : 0 ) ) ); + } + + return event; + } + }, + + special: { + load: { + // Prevent triggered image.load events from bubbling to window.load + noBubble: true + }, + focus: { + // Fire native event if possible so blur/focus sequence is correct + trigger: function() { + if ( this !== safeActiveElement() && this.focus ) { + try { + this.focus(); + return false; + } catch ( e ) { + // Support: IE<9 + // If we error on focus to hidden element (#1486, #12518), + // let .trigger() run the handlers + } + } + }, + delegateType: "focusin" + }, + blur: { + trigger: function() { + if ( this === safeActiveElement() && this.blur ) { + this.blur(); + return false; + } + }, + delegateType: "focusout" + }, + click: { + // For checkbox, fire native event so checked state will be right + trigger: function() { + if ( jQuery.nodeName( this, "input" ) && this.type === "checkbox" && this.click ) { + this.click(); + return false; + } + }, + + // For cross-browser consistency, don't fire native .click() on links + _default: function( event ) { + return jQuery.nodeName( event.target, "a" ); + } + }, + + beforeunload: { + postDispatch: function( event ) { + + // Support: Firefox 20+ + // Firefox doesn't alert if the returnValue field is not set. + if ( event.result !== undefined && event.originalEvent ) { + event.originalEvent.returnValue = event.result; + } + } + } + }, + + simulate: function( type, elem, event, bubble ) { + // Piggyback on a donor event to simulate a different one. + // Fake originalEvent to avoid donor's stopPropagation, but if the + // simulated event prevents default then we do the same on the donor. + var e = jQuery.extend( + new jQuery.Event(), + event, + { + type: type, + isSimulated: true, + originalEvent: {} + } + ); + if ( bubble ) { + jQuery.event.trigger( e, null, elem ); + } else { + jQuery.event.dispatch.call( elem, e ); + } + if ( e.isDefaultPrevented() ) { + event.preventDefault(); + } + } +}; + +jQuery.removeEvent = document.removeEventListener ? + function( elem, type, handle ) { + if ( elem.removeEventListener ) { + elem.removeEventListener( type, handle, false ); + } + } : + function( elem, type, handle ) { + var name = "on" + type; + + if ( elem.detachEvent ) { + + // #8545, #7054, preventing memory leaks for custom events in IE6-8 + // detachEvent needed property on element, by name of that event, to properly expose it to GC + if ( typeof elem[ name ] === strundefined ) { + elem[ name ] = null; + } + + elem.detachEvent( name, handle ); + } + }; + +jQuery.Event = function( src, props ) { + // Allow instantiation without the 'new' keyword + if ( !(this instanceof jQuery.Event) ) { + return new jQuery.Event( src, props ); + } + + // Event object + if ( src && src.type ) { + this.originalEvent = src; + this.type = src.type; + + // Events bubbling up the document may have been marked as prevented + // by a handler lower down the tree; reflect the correct value. + this.isDefaultPrevented = src.defaultPrevented || + src.defaultPrevented === undefined && + // Support: IE < 9, Android < 4.0 + src.returnValue === false ? + returnTrue : + returnFalse; + + // Event type + } else { + this.type = src; + } + + // Put explicitly provided properties onto the event object + if ( props ) { + jQuery.extend( this, props ); + } + + // Create a timestamp if incoming event doesn't have one + this.timeStamp = src && src.timeStamp || jQuery.now(); + + // Mark it as fixed + this[ jQuery.expando ] = true; +}; + +// jQuery.Event is based on DOM3 Events as specified by the ECMAScript Language Binding +// http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-DOM-Level-3-Events-20030331/ecma-script-binding.html +jQuery.Event.prototype = { + isDefaultPrevented: returnFalse, + isPropagationStopped: returnFalse, + isImmediatePropagationStopped: returnFalse, + + preventDefault: function() { + var e = this.originalEvent; + + this.isDefaultPrevented = returnTrue; + if ( !e ) { + return; + } + + // If preventDefault exists, run it on the original event + if ( e.preventDefault ) { + e.preventDefault(); + + // Support: IE + // Otherwise set the returnValue property of the original event to false + } else { + e.returnValue = false; + } + }, + stopPropagation: function() { + var e = this.originalEvent; + + this.isPropagationStopped = returnTrue; + if ( !e ) { + return; + } + // If stopPropagation exists, run it on the original event + if ( e.stopPropagation ) { + e.stopPropagation(); + } + + // Support: IE + // Set the cancelBubble property of the original event to true + e.cancelBubble = true; + }, + stopImmediatePropagation: function() { + var e = this.originalEvent; + + this.isImmediatePropagationStopped = returnTrue; + + if ( e && e.stopImmediatePropagation ) { + e.stopImmediatePropagation(); + } + + this.stopPropagation(); + } +}; + +// Create mouseenter/leave events using mouseover/out and event-time checks +jQuery.each({ + mouseenter: "mouseover", + mouseleave: "mouseout", + pointerenter: "pointerover", + pointerleave: "pointerout" +}, function( orig, fix ) { + jQuery.event.special[ orig ] = { + delegateType: fix, + bindType: fix, + + handle: function( event ) { + var ret, + target = this, + related = event.relatedTarget, + handleObj = event.handleObj; + + // For mousenter/leave call the handler if related is outside the target. + // NB: No relatedTarget if the mouse left/entered the browser window + if ( !related || (related !== target && !jQuery.contains( target, related )) ) { + event.type = handleObj.origType; + ret = handleObj.handler.apply( this, arguments ); + event.type = fix; + } + return ret; + } + }; +}); + +// IE submit delegation +if ( !support.submitBubbles ) { + + jQuery.event.special.submit = { + setup: function() { + // Only need this for delegated form submit events + if ( jQuery.nodeName( this, "form" ) ) { + return false; + } + + // Lazy-add a submit handler when a descendant form may potentially be submitted + jQuery.event.add( this, "click._submit keypress._submit", function( e ) { + // Node name check avoids a VML-related crash in IE (#9807) + var elem = e.target, + form = jQuery.nodeName( elem, "input" ) || jQuery.nodeName( elem, "button" ) ? elem.form : undefined; + if ( form && !jQuery._data( form, "submitBubbles" ) ) { + jQuery.event.add( form, "submit._submit", function( event ) { + event._submit_bubble = true; + }); + jQuery._data( form, "submitBubbles", true ); + } + }); + // return undefined since we don't need an event listener + }, + + postDispatch: function( event ) { + // If form was submitted by the user, bubble the event up the tree + if ( event._submit_bubble ) { + delete event._submit_bubble; + if ( this.parentNode && !event.isTrigger ) { + jQuery.event.simulate( "submit", this.parentNode, event, true ); + } + } + }, + + teardown: function() { + // Only need this for delegated form submit events + if ( jQuery.nodeName( this, "form" ) ) { + return false; + } + + // Remove delegated handlers; cleanData eventually reaps submit handlers attached above + jQuery.event.remove( this, "._submit" ); + } + }; +} + +// IE change delegation and checkbox/radio fix +if ( !support.changeBubbles ) { + + jQuery.event.special.change = { + + setup: function() { + + if ( rformElems.test( this.nodeName ) ) { + // IE doesn't fire change on a check/radio until blur; trigger it on click + // after a propertychange. Eat the blur-change in special.change.handle. + // This still fires onchange a second time for check/radio after blur. + if ( this.type === "checkbox" || this.type === "radio" ) { + jQuery.event.add( this, "propertychange._change", function( event ) { + if ( event.originalEvent.propertyName === "checked" ) { + this._just_changed = true; + } + }); + jQuery.event.add( this, "click._change", function( event ) { + if ( this._just_changed && !event.isTrigger ) { + this._just_changed = false; + } + // Allow triggered, simulated change events (#11500) + jQuery.event.simulate( "change", this, event, true ); + }); + } + return false; + } + // Delegated event; lazy-add a change handler on descendant inputs + jQuery.event.add( this, "beforeactivate._change", function( e ) { + var elem = e.target; + + if ( rformElems.test( elem.nodeName ) && !jQuery._data( elem, "changeBubbles" ) ) { + jQuery.event.add( elem, "change._change", function( event ) { + if ( this.parentNode && !event.isSimulated && !event.isTrigger ) { + jQuery.event.simulate( "change", this.parentNode, event, true ); + } + }); + jQuery._data( elem, "changeBubbles", true ); + } + }); + }, + + handle: function( event ) { + var elem = event.target; + + // Swallow native change events from checkbox/radio, we already triggered them above + if ( this !== elem || event.isSimulated || event.isTrigger || (elem.type !== "radio" && elem.type !== "checkbox") ) { + return event.handleObj.handler.apply( this, arguments ); + } + }, + + teardown: function() { + jQuery.event.remove( this, "._change" ); + + return !rformElems.test( this.nodeName ); + } + }; +} + +// Create "bubbling" focus and blur events +if ( !support.focusinBubbles ) { + jQuery.each({ focus: "focusin", blur: "focusout" }, function( orig, fix ) { + + // Attach a single capturing handler on the document while someone wants focusin/focusout + var handler = function( event ) { + jQuery.event.simulate( fix, event.target, jQuery.event.fix( event ), true ); + }; + + jQuery.event.special[ fix ] = { + setup: function() { + var doc = this.ownerDocument || this, + attaches = jQuery._data( doc, fix ); + + if ( !attaches ) { + doc.addEventListener( orig, handler, true ); + } + jQuery._data( doc, fix, ( attaches || 0 ) + 1 ); + }, + teardown: function() { + var doc = this.ownerDocument || this, + attaches = jQuery._data( doc, fix ) - 1; + + if ( !attaches ) { + doc.removeEventListener( orig, handler, true ); + jQuery._removeData( doc, fix ); + } else { + jQuery._data( doc, fix, attaches ); + } + } + }; + }); +} + +jQuery.fn.extend({ + + on: function( types, selector, data, fn, /*INTERNAL*/ one ) { + var type, origFn; + + // Types can be a map of types/handlers + if ( typeof types === "object" ) { + // ( types-Object, selector, data ) + if ( typeof selector !== "string" ) { + // ( types-Object, data ) + data = data || selector; + selector = undefined; + } + for ( type in types ) { + this.on( type, selector, data, types[ type ], one ); + } + return this; + } + + if ( data == null && fn == null ) { + // ( types, fn ) + fn = selector; + data = selector = undefined; + } else if ( fn == null ) { + if ( typeof selector === "string" ) { + // ( types, selector, fn ) + fn = data; + data = undefined; + } else { + // ( types, data, fn ) + fn = data; + data = selector; + selector = undefined; + } + } + if ( fn === false ) { + fn = returnFalse; + } else if ( !fn ) { + return this; + } + + if ( one === 1 ) { + origFn = fn; + fn = function( event ) { + // Can use an empty set, since event contains the info + jQuery().off( event ); + return origFn.apply( this, arguments ); + }; + // Use same guid so caller can remove using origFn + fn.guid = origFn.guid || ( origFn.guid = jQuery.guid++ ); + } + return this.each( function() { + jQuery.event.add( this, types, fn, data, selector ); + }); + }, + one: function( types, selector, data, fn ) { + return this.on( types, selector, data, fn, 1 ); + }, + off: function( types, selector, fn ) { + var handleObj, type; + if ( types && types.preventDefault && types.handleObj ) { + // ( event ) dispatched jQuery.Event + handleObj = types.handleObj; + jQuery( types.delegateTarget ).off( + handleObj.namespace ? handleObj.origType + "." + handleObj.namespace : handleObj.origType, + handleObj.selector, + handleObj.handler + ); + return this; + } + if ( typeof types === "object" ) { + // ( types-object [, selector] ) + for ( type in types ) { + this.off( type, selector, types[ type ] ); + } + return this; + } + if ( selector === false || typeof selector === "function" ) { + // ( types [, fn] ) + fn = selector; + selector = undefined; + } + if ( fn === false ) { + fn = returnFalse; + } + return this.each(function() { + jQuery.event.remove( this, types, fn, selector ); + }); + }, + + trigger: function( type, data ) { + return this.each(function() { + jQuery.event.trigger( type, data, this ); + }); + }, + triggerHandler: function( type, data ) { + var elem = this[0]; + if ( elem ) { + return jQuery.event.trigger( type, data, elem, true ); + } + } +}); + + +function createSafeFragment( document ) { + var list = nodeNames.split( "|" ), + safeFrag = document.createDocumentFragment(); + + if ( safeFrag.createElement ) { + while ( list.length ) { + safeFrag.createElement( + list.pop() + ); + } + } + return safeFrag; +} + +var nodeNames = "abbr|article|aside|audio|bdi|canvas|data|datalist|details|figcaption|figure|footer|" + + "header|hgroup|mark|meter|nav|output|progress|section|summary|time|video", + rinlinejQuery = / jQuery\d+="(?:null|\d+)"/g, + rnoshimcache = new RegExp("<(?:" + nodeNames + ")[\\s/>]", "i"), + rleadingWhitespace = /^\s+/, + rxhtmlTag = /<(?!area|br|col|embed|hr|img|input|link|meta|param)(([\w:]+)[^>]*)\/>/gi, + rtagName = /<([\w:]+)/, + rtbody = /\s*$/g, + + // We have to close these tags to support XHTML (#13200) + wrapMap = { + option: [ 1, "" ], + legend: [ 1, "
", "
" ], + area: [ 1, "", "" ], + param: [ 1, "", "" ], + thead: [ 1, "", "
" ], + tr: [ 2, "", "
" ], + col: [ 2, "", "
" ], + td: [ 3, "", "
" ], + + // IE6-8 can't serialize link, script, style, or any html5 (NoScope) tags, + // unless wrapped in a div with non-breaking characters in front of it. + _default: support.htmlSerialize ? [ 0, "", "" ] : [ 1, "X
", "
" ] + }, + safeFragment = createSafeFragment( document ), + fragmentDiv = safeFragment.appendChild( document.createElement("div") ); + +wrapMap.optgroup = wrapMap.option; +wrapMap.tbody = wrapMap.tfoot = wrapMap.colgroup = wrapMap.caption = wrapMap.thead; +wrapMap.th = wrapMap.td; + +function getAll( context, tag ) { + var elems, elem, + i = 0, + found = typeof context.getElementsByTagName !== strundefined ? context.getElementsByTagName( tag || "*" ) : + typeof context.querySelectorAll !== strundefined ? context.querySelectorAll( tag || "*" ) : + undefined; + + if ( !found ) { + for ( found = [], elems = context.childNodes || context; (elem = elems[i]) != null; i++ ) { + if ( !tag || jQuery.nodeName( elem, tag ) ) { + found.push( elem ); + } else { + jQuery.merge( found, getAll( elem, tag ) ); + } + } + } + + return tag === undefined || tag && jQuery.nodeName( context, tag ) ? + jQuery.merge( [ context ], found ) : + found; +} + +// Used in buildFragment, fixes the defaultChecked property +function fixDefaultChecked( elem ) { + if ( rcheckableType.test( elem.type ) ) { + elem.defaultChecked = elem.checked; + } +} + +// Support: IE<8 +// Manipulating tables requires a tbody +function manipulationTarget( elem, content ) { + return jQuery.nodeName( elem, "table" ) && + jQuery.nodeName( content.nodeType !== 11 ? content : content.firstChild, "tr" ) ? + + elem.getElementsByTagName("tbody")[0] || + elem.appendChild( elem.ownerDocument.createElement("tbody") ) : + elem; +} + +// Replace/restore the type attribute of script elements for safe DOM manipulation +function disableScript( elem ) { + elem.type = (jQuery.find.attr( elem, "type" ) !== null) + "/" + elem.type; + return elem; +} +function restoreScript( elem ) { + var match = rscriptTypeMasked.exec( elem.type ); + if ( match ) { + elem.type = match[1]; + } else { + elem.removeAttribute("type"); + } + return elem; +} + +// Mark scripts as having already been evaluated +function setGlobalEval( elems, refElements ) { + var elem, + i = 0; + for ( ; (elem = elems[i]) != null; i++ ) { + jQuery._data( elem, "globalEval", !refElements || jQuery._data( refElements[i], "globalEval" ) ); + } +} + +function cloneCopyEvent( src, dest ) { + + if ( dest.nodeType !== 1 || !jQuery.hasData( src ) ) { + return; + } + + var type, i, l, + oldData = jQuery._data( src ), + curData = jQuery._data( dest, oldData ), + events = oldData.events; + + if ( events ) { + delete curData.handle; + curData.events = {}; + + for ( type in events ) { + for ( i = 0, l = events[ type ].length; i < l; i++ ) { + jQuery.event.add( dest, type, events[ type ][ i ] ); + } + } + } + + // make the cloned public data object a copy from the original + if ( curData.data ) { + curData.data = jQuery.extend( {}, curData.data ); + } +} + +function fixCloneNodeIssues( src, dest ) { + var nodeName, e, data; + + // We do not need to do anything for non-Elements + if ( dest.nodeType !== 1 ) { + return; + } + + nodeName = dest.nodeName.toLowerCase(); + + // IE6-8 copies events bound via attachEvent when using cloneNode. + if ( !support.noCloneEvent && dest[ jQuery.expando ] ) { + data = jQuery._data( dest ); + + for ( e in data.events ) { + jQuery.removeEvent( dest, e, data.handle ); + } + + // Event data gets referenced instead of copied if the expando gets copied too + dest.removeAttribute( jQuery.expando ); + } + + // IE blanks contents when cloning scripts, and tries to evaluate newly-set text + if ( nodeName === "script" && dest.text !== src.text ) { + disableScript( dest ).text = src.text; + restoreScript( dest ); + + // IE6-10 improperly clones children of object elements using classid. + // IE10 throws NoModificationAllowedError if parent is null, #12132. + } else if ( nodeName === "object" ) { + if ( dest.parentNode ) { + dest.outerHTML = src.outerHTML; + } + + // This path appears unavoidable for IE9. When cloning an object + // element in IE9, the outerHTML strategy above is not sufficient. + // If the src has innerHTML and the destination does not, + // copy the src.innerHTML into the dest.innerHTML. #10324 + if ( support.html5Clone && ( src.innerHTML && !jQuery.trim(dest.innerHTML) ) ) { + dest.innerHTML = src.innerHTML; + } + + } else if ( nodeName === "input" && rcheckableType.test( src.type ) ) { + // IE6-8 fails to persist the checked state of a cloned checkbox + // or radio button. Worse, IE6-7 fail to give the cloned element + // a checked appearance if the defaultChecked value isn't also set + + dest.defaultChecked = dest.checked = src.checked; + + // IE6-7 get confused and end up setting the value of a cloned + // checkbox/radio button to an empty string instead of "on" + if ( dest.value !== src.value ) { + dest.value = src.value; + } + + // IE6-8 fails to return the selected option to the default selected + // state when cloning options + } else if ( nodeName === "option" ) { + dest.defaultSelected = dest.selected = src.defaultSelected; + + // IE6-8 fails to set the defaultValue to the correct value when + // cloning other types of input fields + } else if ( nodeName === "input" || nodeName === "textarea" ) { + dest.defaultValue = src.defaultValue; + } +} + +jQuery.extend({ + clone: function( elem, dataAndEvents, deepDataAndEvents ) { + var destElements, node, clone, i, srcElements, + inPage = jQuery.contains( elem.ownerDocument, elem ); + + if ( support.html5Clone || jQuery.isXMLDoc(elem) || !rnoshimcache.test( "<" + elem.nodeName + ">" ) ) { + clone = elem.cloneNode( true ); + + // IE<=8 does not properly clone detached, unknown element nodes + } else { + fragmentDiv.innerHTML = elem.outerHTML; + fragmentDiv.removeChild( clone = fragmentDiv.firstChild ); + } + + if ( (!support.noCloneEvent || !support.noCloneChecked) && + (elem.nodeType === 1 || elem.nodeType === 11) && !jQuery.isXMLDoc(elem) ) { + + // We eschew Sizzle here for performance reasons: http://jsperf.com/getall-vs-sizzle/2 + destElements = getAll( clone ); + srcElements = getAll( elem ); + + // Fix all IE cloning issues + for ( i = 0; (node = srcElements[i]) != null; ++i ) { + // Ensure that the destination node is not null; Fixes #9587 + if ( destElements[i] ) { + fixCloneNodeIssues( node, destElements[i] ); + } + } + } + + // Copy the events from the original to the clone + if ( dataAndEvents ) { + if ( deepDataAndEvents ) { + srcElements = srcElements || getAll( elem ); + destElements = destElements || getAll( clone ); + + for ( i = 0; (node = srcElements[i]) != null; i++ ) { + cloneCopyEvent( node, destElements[i] ); + } + } else { + cloneCopyEvent( elem, clone ); + } + } + + // Preserve script evaluation history + destElements = getAll( clone, "script" ); + if ( destElements.length > 0 ) { + setGlobalEval( destElements, !inPage && getAll( elem, "script" ) ); + } + + destElements = srcElements = node = null; + + // Return the cloned set + return clone; + }, + + buildFragment: function( elems, context, scripts, selection ) { + var j, elem, contains, + tmp, tag, tbody, wrap, + l = elems.length, + + // Ensure a safe fragment + safe = createSafeFragment( context ), + + nodes = [], + i = 0; + + for ( ; i < l; i++ ) { + elem = elems[ i ]; + + if ( elem || elem === 0 ) { + + // Add nodes directly + if ( jQuery.type( elem ) === "object" ) { + jQuery.merge( nodes, elem.nodeType ? [ elem ] : elem ); + + // Convert non-html into a text node + } else if ( !rhtml.test( elem ) ) { + nodes.push( context.createTextNode( elem ) ); + + // Convert html into DOM nodes + } else { + tmp = tmp || safe.appendChild( context.createElement("div") ); + + // Deserialize a standard representation + tag = (rtagName.exec( elem ) || [ "", "" ])[ 1 ].toLowerCase(); + wrap = wrapMap[ tag ] || wrapMap._default; + + tmp.innerHTML = wrap[1] + elem.replace( rxhtmlTag, "<$1>" ) + wrap[2]; + + // Descend through wrappers to the right content + j = wrap[0]; + while ( j-- ) { + tmp = tmp.lastChild; + } + + // Manually add leading whitespace removed by IE + if ( !support.leadingWhitespace && rleadingWhitespace.test( elem ) ) { + nodes.push( context.createTextNode( rleadingWhitespace.exec( elem )[0] ) ); + } + + // Remove IE's autoinserted from table fragments + if ( !support.tbody ) { + + // String was a , *may* have spurious + elem = tag === "table" && !rtbody.test( elem ) ? + tmp.firstChild : + + // String was a bare or + wrap[1] === "
" && !rtbody.test( elem ) ? + tmp : + 0; + + j = elem && elem.childNodes.length; + while ( j-- ) { + if ( jQuery.nodeName( (tbody = elem.childNodes[j]), "tbody" ) && !tbody.childNodes.length ) { + elem.removeChild( tbody ); + } + } + } + + jQuery.merge( nodes, tmp.childNodes ); + + // Fix #12392 for WebKit and IE > 9 + tmp.textContent = ""; + + // Fix #12392 for oldIE + while ( tmp.firstChild ) { + tmp.removeChild( tmp.firstChild ); + } + + // Remember the top-level container for proper cleanup + tmp = safe.lastChild; + } + } + } + + // Fix #11356: Clear elements from fragment + if ( tmp ) { + safe.removeChild( tmp ); + } + + // Reset defaultChecked for any radios and checkboxes + // about to be appended to the DOM in IE 6/7 (#8060) + if ( !support.appendChecked ) { + jQuery.grep( getAll( nodes, "input" ), fixDefaultChecked ); + } + + i = 0; + while ( (elem = nodes[ i++ ]) ) { + + // #4087 - If origin and destination elements are the same, and this is + // that element, do not do anything + if ( selection && jQuery.inArray( elem, selection ) !== -1 ) { + continue; + } + + contains = jQuery.contains( elem.ownerDocument, elem ); + + // Append to fragment + tmp = getAll( safe.appendChild( elem ), "script" ); + + // Preserve script evaluation history + if ( contains ) { + setGlobalEval( tmp ); + } + + // Capture executables + if ( scripts ) { + j = 0; + while ( (elem = tmp[ j++ ]) ) { + if ( rscriptType.test( elem.type || "" ) ) { + scripts.push( elem ); + } + } + } + } + + tmp = null; + + return safe; + }, + + cleanData: function( elems, /* internal */ acceptData ) { + var elem, type, id, data, + i = 0, + internalKey = jQuery.expando, + cache = jQuery.cache, + deleteExpando = support.deleteExpando, + special = jQuery.event.special; + + for ( ; (elem = elems[i]) != null; i++ ) { + if ( acceptData || jQuery.acceptData( elem ) ) { + + id = elem[ internalKey ]; + data = id && cache[ id ]; + + if ( data ) { + if ( data.events ) { + for ( type in data.events ) { + if ( special[ type ] ) { + jQuery.event.remove( elem, type ); + + // This is a shortcut to avoid jQuery.event.remove's overhead + } else { + jQuery.removeEvent( elem, type, data.handle ); + } + } + } + + // Remove cache only if it was not already removed by jQuery.event.remove + if ( cache[ id ] ) { + + delete cache[ id ]; + + // IE does not allow us to delete expando properties from nodes, + // nor does it have a removeAttribute function on Document nodes; + // we must handle all of these cases + if ( deleteExpando ) { + delete elem[ internalKey ]; + + } else if ( typeof elem.removeAttribute !== strundefined ) { + elem.removeAttribute( internalKey ); + + } else { + elem[ internalKey ] = null; + } + + deletedIds.push( id ); + } + } + } + } + } +}); + +jQuery.fn.extend({ + text: function( value ) { + return access( this, function( value ) { + return value === undefined ? + jQuery.text( this ) : + this.empty().append( ( this[0] && this[0].ownerDocument || document ).createTextNode( value ) ); + }, null, value, arguments.length ); + }, + + append: function() { + return this.domManip( arguments, function( elem ) { + if ( this.nodeType === 1 || this.nodeType === 11 || this.nodeType === 9 ) { + var target = manipulationTarget( this, elem ); + target.appendChild( elem ); + } + }); + }, + + prepend: function() { + return this.domManip( arguments, function( elem ) { + if ( this.nodeType === 1 || this.nodeType === 11 || this.nodeType === 9 ) { + var target = manipulationTarget( this, elem ); + target.insertBefore( elem, target.firstChild ); + } + }); + }, + + before: function() { + return this.domManip( arguments, function( elem ) { + if ( this.parentNode ) { + this.parentNode.insertBefore( elem, this ); + } + }); + }, + + after: function() { + return this.domManip( arguments, function( elem ) { + if ( this.parentNode ) { + this.parentNode.insertBefore( elem, this.nextSibling ); + } + }); + }, + + remove: function( selector, keepData /* Internal Use Only */ ) { + var elem, + elems = selector ? jQuery.filter( selector, this ) : this, + i = 0; + + for ( ; (elem = elems[i]) != null; i++ ) { + + if ( !keepData && elem.nodeType === 1 ) { + jQuery.cleanData( getAll( elem ) ); + } + + if ( elem.parentNode ) { + if ( keepData && jQuery.contains( elem.ownerDocument, elem ) ) { + setGlobalEval( getAll( elem, "script" ) ); + } + elem.parentNode.removeChild( elem ); + } + } + + return this; + }, + + empty: function() { + var elem, + i = 0; + + for ( ; (elem = this[i]) != null; i++ ) { + // Remove element nodes and prevent memory leaks + if ( elem.nodeType === 1 ) { + jQuery.cleanData( getAll( elem, false ) ); + } + + // Remove any remaining nodes + while ( elem.firstChild ) { + elem.removeChild( elem.firstChild ); + } + + // If this is a select, ensure that it displays empty (#12336) + // Support: IE<9 + if ( elem.options && jQuery.nodeName( elem, "select" ) ) { + elem.options.length = 0; + } + } + + return this; + }, + + clone: function( dataAndEvents, deepDataAndEvents ) { + dataAndEvents = dataAndEvents == null ? false : dataAndEvents; + deepDataAndEvents = deepDataAndEvents == null ? dataAndEvents : deepDataAndEvents; + + return this.map(function() { + return jQuery.clone( this, dataAndEvents, deepDataAndEvents ); + }); + }, + + html: function( value ) { + return access( this, function( value ) { + var elem = this[ 0 ] || {}, + i = 0, + l = this.length; + + if ( value === undefined ) { + return elem.nodeType === 1 ? + elem.innerHTML.replace( rinlinejQuery, "" ) : + undefined; + } + + // See if we can take a shortcut and just use innerHTML + if ( typeof value === "string" && !rnoInnerhtml.test( value ) && + ( support.htmlSerialize || !rnoshimcache.test( value ) ) && + ( support.leadingWhitespace || !rleadingWhitespace.test( value ) ) && + !wrapMap[ (rtagName.exec( value ) || [ "", "" ])[ 1 ].toLowerCase() ] ) { + + value = value.replace( rxhtmlTag, "<$1>" ); + + try { + for (; i < l; i++ ) { + // Remove element nodes and prevent memory leaks + elem = this[i] || {}; + if ( elem.nodeType === 1 ) { + jQuery.cleanData( getAll( elem, false ) ); + elem.innerHTML = value; + } + } + + elem = 0; + + // If using innerHTML throws an exception, use the fallback method + } catch(e) {} + } + + if ( elem ) { + this.empty().append( value ); + } + }, null, value, arguments.length ); + }, + + replaceWith: function() { + var arg = arguments[ 0 ]; + + // Make the changes, replacing each context element with the new content + this.domManip( arguments, function( elem ) { + arg = this.parentNode; + + jQuery.cleanData( getAll( this ) ); + + if ( arg ) { + arg.replaceChild( elem, this ); + } + }); + + // Force removal if there was no new content (e.g., from empty arguments) + return arg && (arg.length || arg.nodeType) ? this : this.remove(); + }, + + detach: function( selector ) { + return this.remove( selector, true ); + }, + + domManip: function( args, callback ) { + + // Flatten any nested arrays + args = concat.apply( [], args ); + + var first, node, hasScripts, + scripts, doc, fragment, + i = 0, + l = this.length, + set = this, + iNoClone = l - 1, + value = args[0], + isFunction = jQuery.isFunction( value ); + + // We can't cloneNode fragments that contain checked, in WebKit + if ( isFunction || + ( l > 1 && typeof value === "string" && + !support.checkClone && rchecked.test( value ) ) ) { + return this.each(function( index ) { + var self = set.eq( index ); + if ( isFunction ) { + args[0] = value.call( this, index, self.html() ); + } + self.domManip( args, callback ); + }); + } + + if ( l ) { + fragment = jQuery.buildFragment( args, this[ 0 ].ownerDocument, false, this ); + first = fragment.firstChild; + + if ( fragment.childNodes.length === 1 ) { + fragment = first; + } + + if ( first ) { + scripts = jQuery.map( getAll( fragment, "script" ), disableScript ); + hasScripts = scripts.length; + + // Use the original fragment for the last item instead of the first because it can end up + // being emptied incorrectly in certain situations (#8070). + for ( ; i < l; i++ ) { + node = fragment; + + if ( i !== iNoClone ) { + node = jQuery.clone( node, true, true ); + + // Keep references to cloned scripts for later restoration + if ( hasScripts ) { + jQuery.merge( scripts, getAll( node, "script" ) ); + } + } + + callback.call( this[i], node, i ); + } + + if ( hasScripts ) { + doc = scripts[ scripts.length - 1 ].ownerDocument; + + // Reenable scripts + jQuery.map( scripts, restoreScript ); + + // Evaluate executable scripts on first document insertion + for ( i = 0; i < hasScripts; i++ ) { + node = scripts[ i ]; + if ( rscriptType.test( node.type || "" ) && + !jQuery._data( node, "globalEval" ) && jQuery.contains( doc, node ) ) { + + if ( node.src ) { + // Optional AJAX dependency, but won't run scripts if not present + if ( jQuery._evalUrl ) { + jQuery._evalUrl( node.src ); + } + } else { + jQuery.globalEval( ( node.text || node.textContent || node.innerHTML || "" ).replace( rcleanScript, "" ) ); + } + } + } + } + + // Fix #11809: Avoid leaking memory + fragment = first = null; + } + } + + return this; + } +}); + +jQuery.each({ + appendTo: "append", + prependTo: "prepend", + insertBefore: "before", + insertAfter: "after", + replaceAll: "replaceWith" +}, function( name, original ) { + jQuery.fn[ name ] = function( selector ) { + var elems, + i = 0, + ret = [], + insert = jQuery( selector ), + last = insert.length - 1; + + for ( ; i <= last; i++ ) { + elems = i === last ? this : this.clone(true); + jQuery( insert[i] )[ original ]( elems ); + + // Modern browsers can apply jQuery collections as arrays, but oldIE needs a .get() + push.apply( ret, elems.get() ); + } + + return this.pushStack( ret ); + }; +}); + + +var iframe, + elemdisplay = {}; + +/** + * Retrieve the actual display of a element + * @param {String} name nodeName of the element + * @param {Object} doc Document object + */ +// Called only from within defaultDisplay +function actualDisplay( name, doc ) { + var style, + elem = jQuery( doc.createElement( name ) ).appendTo( doc.body ), + + // getDefaultComputedStyle might be reliably used only on attached element + display = window.getDefaultComputedStyle && ( style = window.getDefaultComputedStyle( elem[ 0 ] ) ) ? + + // Use of this method is a temporary fix (more like optmization) until something better comes along, + // since it was removed from specification and supported only in FF + style.display : jQuery.css( elem[ 0 ], "display" ); + + // We don't have any data stored on the element, + // so use "detach" method as fast way to get rid of the element + elem.detach(); + + return display; +} + +/** + * Try to determine the default display value of an element + * @param {String} nodeName + */ +function defaultDisplay( nodeName ) { + var doc = document, + display = elemdisplay[ nodeName ]; + + if ( !display ) { + display = actualDisplay( nodeName, doc ); + + // If the simple way fails, read from inside an iframe + if ( display === "none" || !display ) { + + // Use the already-created iframe if possible + iframe = (iframe || jQuery( "