docs: clarify tsconfig resolution behavior (#21179)

Co-authored-by: Bjorn Lu <[email protected]>

Author: sapphi-red

docs/guide/features.md

@@ -53,6 +53,10 @@ export type { T }
 
 ### TypeScript Compiler Options
 
+Vite respects some of the options in `tsconfig.json` and sets the corresponding esbuild options. For each file, Vite uses the `tsconfig.json` in the closest parent directory. If that `tsconfig.json` contains a [`references`](https://www.typescriptlang.org/tsconfig/#references) field, Vite will use the referenced config file that satisfies the [`include`](https://www.typescriptlang.org/tsconfig/#include) and [`exclude`](https://www.typescriptlang.org/tsconfig/#exclude) fields.
+
+When the options are set in both the Vite config and the `tsconfig.json`, the value in the Vite config takes precedence.
+
 Some configuration fields under `compilerOptions` in `tsconfig.json` require special attention.
 
 #### `isolatedModules`