diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index e1ab0fc..6c807a9 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -8,12 +8,14 @@ Add new items at the end of the relevant section under **Unreleased**.
 
 ### Additions
 
-- Add `validate` subcommand to generate validate reports ([#79])
-- Add `--pull-request` option to validate proposals in a pull request ([#86])
+- Add `validate` subcommand to generate validate reports ([#83])
+- Add `--pull-request` option to validate proposals in a pull request ([#87])
 
 ### Changes
 
 - Support extraction of new "Summary of changes" section ([#79])
+- Errors and warnings now include unique error codes ([#90])
+- Add generalized mechanism for validation exemptions ([#92])
 
 ### Fixes
 
@@ -84,4 +86,6 @@ This changelog's format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.co
 [#74]: https://github.com/swiftlang/swift-evolution-metadata-extractor/pull/74
 [#79]: https://github.com/swiftlang/swift-evolution-metadata-extractor/pull/79
 [#83]: https://github.com/swiftlang/swift-evolution-metadata-extractor/pull/83
-[#86]: https://github.com/swiftlang/swift-evolution-metadata-extractor/pull/86
+[#87]: https://github.com/swiftlang/swift-evolution-metadata-extractor/pull/87
+[#90]: https://github.com/swiftlang/swift-evolution-metadata-extractor/pull/90
+[#92]: https://github.com/swiftlang/swift-evolution-metadata-extractor/pull/92
diff --git a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/DiscussionExtractor.swift b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/DiscussionExtractor.swift
index 9805e21..537c2ea 100644
--- a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/DiscussionExtractor.swift
+++ b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/DiscussionExtractor.swift
@@ -14,9 +14,7 @@ struct DiscussionExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
     private var source: HeaderFieldSource
     init(source: HeaderFieldSource) { self.source = source }
 
-    private var warnings: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-    private var errors: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-    
+    private var issues = IssueWrapper()
     private var discussions: [Proposal.Discussion] = []
 
     mutating func extractValue() -> ExtractionResult<[Proposal.Discussion]> {
@@ -24,23 +22,11 @@ struct DiscussionExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
         // VALIDATION ENHANCEMENT: Normalize naming to 'Review' in the source proposals.
         if let (_, headerField) = source["Review", "Reviews", "Decision Notes", "Decision notes"] {
             visit(headerField)
-            
-            // VALIDATION ENHANCEMENT: Correct proposals with known issues and remove special case logic.
-            // Currently a fair number of older proposals are missing links to discussions or do not
-            // format discussions correctly. Those issues should be corrected in the proposals themselves.
-            // Once all of those issues are resolved, the legacy check can be removed.
-            if discussions.isEmpty && !Legacy.discussionExtractionFailures.contains(source.proposalSpec.id) {
-                errors.append(.discussionExtractionFailure)
+            if discussions.isEmpty {
+                issues.reportIssue(.discussionExtractionFailure, source: source)
             }
         } else {
-            // VALIDATION ENHANCEMENT: Add field to proposals with missing field and remove special case logic.
-            // 'Review' is a required field, but currently a fair number of older proposals are missing the
-            // field for a variety of reasons. Those issues should be corrected in the proposals themselves.
-            // Once all of those issues are resolved, the legacy check can be removed.
-            // Note that some very early proposals may not have valid discussions be extracted.
-            if !Legacy.missingReviewFields.contains(source.proposalSpec.id) {
-                errors.append(.missingReviewField)
-            }
+            issues.reportIssue(.missingReviewField, source: source)
         }
         
         // VALIDATION ENHANCEMENT: Potentially check for:
@@ -52,15 +38,7 @@ struct DiscussionExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
         //   - non-standard discussion names
         // - Formatting (in parenthesis, separated by comma, etc.
         
-        return ExtractionResult(value: discussions, warnings: warnings, errors: errors)
-    }
-    
-    // Existing proposals with known validation errors.
-    // The listed exceptions will not generate warnings and errors for the known issues.
-    private enum Legacy {
-        static let missingReviewFields: Set<String> = ["SE-0001", "SE-0002", "SE-0004", "SE-0020", "SE-0051", "SE-0079", "SE-0100", "SE-0176", "SE-0177", "SE-0188", "SE-0193", "SE-0194", "SE-0196", "SE-0198", "SE-0201", "SE-0203", "SE-0205", "SE-0208", "SE-0209", "SE-0210", "SE-0212", "SE-0213", "SE-0219", "SE-0243", "SE-0245", "SE-0247", "SE-0248", "SE-0249", "SE-0250", "SE-0252", "SE-0259", "SE-0263", "SE-0268", "SE-0269", "SE-0273", "SE-0278", "SE-0284", "SE-0289", "SE-0295", "SE-0300", "SE-0303", "SE-0304", "SE-0312", "SE-0313", "SE-0317", "SE-0318", "SE-0337", "SE-0338", "SE-0341", "SE-0343", "SE-0344", "SE-0348", "SE-0350", "SE-0356", "SE-0365", "SE-0385"]
-        
-        static let discussionExtractionFailures: Set<String> = ["SE-0392"]
+        return ExtractionResult(value: discussions, warnings: issues.warnings, errors: issues.errors)
     }
     
     mutating func visitLink(_ link: Link) -> () {
@@ -73,7 +51,7 @@ struct DiscussionExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
         if let discussionURL = linkInfo.swiftForumsDestination {
             discussions.append(Proposal.Discussion(name: linkInfo.text, link: discussionURL))
         } else {
-            warnings.append(.invalidDiscussionLink)
+            issues.reportIssue(.invalidDiscussionLink, source: source)
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/ImplementationExtractor.swift b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/ImplementationExtractor.swift
index b88c7fb..88855e9 100644
--- a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/ImplementationExtractor.swift
+++ b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/ImplementationExtractor.swift
@@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ struct ImplementationExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
     private var source: HeaderFieldSource
     init(source: HeaderFieldSource) { self.source = source }
 
-    private var warnings: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-    private var errors: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-
+    private var issues = IssueWrapper()
     private var implementaton: [Proposal.Implementation]? {
         _implementaton.isEmpty ? nil : _implementaton
     }
@@ -29,7 +27,7 @@ struct ImplementationExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
         }
         // Implementation field is optional. Take no action / add no warning if it is not found
         
-        return ExtractionResult(value: implementaton, warnings: warnings, errors: errors)
+        return ExtractionResult(value: implementaton, warnings: issues.warnings, errors: issues.errors)
     }
 
     
@@ -77,7 +75,7 @@ struct ImplementationExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
         
         // VALIDATION ENHANCEMENT: The legacy tool lowercases the tested value. This is probably not necessary.
         guard account == "apple" || account == "swiftlang" else {
-            warnings.append(.invalidImplementationLink)
+            issues.reportIssue(.invalidImplementationLink, source: source)
             return
         }
         
diff --git a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/PersonExtractor.swift b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/PersonExtractor.swift
index b0a50e7..c06b975 100644
--- a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/PersonExtractor.swift
+++ b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/PersonExtractor.swift
@@ -40,9 +40,7 @@ struct PersonExtractor: MarkupWalker {
         self.role = role
     }
     
-    private var warnings: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-    private var errors: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-
+    private var issues = IssueWrapper()
     private var personList: [Proposal.Person] = []
 
     mutating func personArray() -> ExtractionResult<[Proposal.Person]> {
@@ -57,7 +55,7 @@ struct PersonExtractor: MarkupWalker {
         
         // VALIDATION ENHANCEMENT: Log a warning if no review manager.  It should be a CI validation error also
 
-        return ExtractionResult(value: personList, warnings: warnings, errors: errors)
+        return ExtractionResult(value: personList, warnings: issues.warnings, errors: issues.errors)
     }
 
     mutating func visitLink(_ link: Link) -> () {
@@ -66,7 +64,7 @@ struct PersonExtractor: MarkupWalker {
         }
         // VALIDATION ENHANCEMENT: Add 'extra markup error' for review managers
         if !linkInfo.containsTextElement && role == .author {
-            errors.append(.authorsHaveExtraMarkup)
+            issues.reportIssue(.authorsHaveExtraMarkup, source: source)
         }
         
         let destination: String
@@ -74,8 +72,8 @@ struct PersonExtractor: MarkupWalker {
             destination = validatedDestination
         } else {
             switch role {
-                case .author: warnings.append(.invalidAuthorLink)
-                case .reviewManager: warnings.append(.invalidReviewManagerLink)
+                case .author: issues.reportIssue(.invalidAuthorLink, source: source)
+                case .reviewManager: issues.reportIssue(.invalidReviewManagerLink, source: source)
             }
             destination = ""
         }
diff --git a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/PreviousProposalExtractor.swift b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/PreviousProposalExtractor.swift
index b438276..7833cbd 100644
--- a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/PreviousProposalExtractor.swift
+++ b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/PreviousProposalExtractor.swift
@@ -14,9 +14,7 @@ struct PreviousProposalExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
     private var source: HeaderFieldSource
     init(source: HeaderFieldSource) { self.source = source }
 
-    private var warnings: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-    private var errors: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-
+    private var issues = IssueWrapper()
     private var previousProposalIDs: [String]? {
         _previousProposalIDs.isEmpty ? nil : _previousProposalIDs
     }
@@ -29,11 +27,11 @@ struct PreviousProposalExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
             
             // validate that if the header field is here at least one proposal ID was found
             if _previousProposalIDs.isEmpty {
-                errors.append(.previousProposalIDsExtractionFailure)
+                issues.reportIssue(.previousProposalIDsExtractionFailure, source: source)
             }
         }
         
-        return ExtractionResult(value: previousProposalIDs, warnings: warnings, errors: errors)
+        return ExtractionResult(value: previousProposalIDs, warnings: issues.warnings, errors: issues.errors)
     }
     
     mutating func visitText(_ text: Text) -> () {
diff --git a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/ProposalLinkExtractor.swift b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/ProposalLinkExtractor.swift
index 046cf47..ac9070c 100644
--- a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/ProposalLinkExtractor.swift
+++ b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/ProposalLinkExtractor.swift
@@ -14,21 +14,19 @@ struct ProposalLinkExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
     private var source: HeaderFieldSource
     init(source: HeaderFieldSource) { self.source = source }
 
-    private var warnings: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-    private var errors: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-
+    private var issues = IssueWrapper()
     private var proposalLink: LinkInfo? = nil
 
     mutating func extractValue() -> ExtractionResult<LinkInfo> {
         if let headerField = source["Proposal"] {
             visit(headerField)
         } else {
-            errors.append(.missingProposalField)
+            issues.reportIssue(.missingProposalField, source: source)
         }
         if let proposalLink {
             
             if !proposalLink.containsTextElement {
-                warnings.append(.proposalIDHasExtraMarkup)
+                issues.reportIssue(.proposalIDHasExtraMarkup, source: source)
             }
             
             // VALIDATION ENHANCEMENT: To match legacy behavior, if ID has extra markup, the
@@ -36,25 +34,25 @@ struct ProposalLinkExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
             if !proposalLink.text.isEmpty {
                 
                 if proposalLink.text == "SE-0000" {
-                    errors.append(.reservedProposalID)
+                    issues.reportIssue(.reservedProposalID, source: source)
                 }
                 
                 if !proposalLink.text.contains(source.project.proposalRegex) {
                     self.proposalLink?.destination = "" // Do not include an incorrect destination
-                    errors.append(.proposalIDWrongDigitCount)
+                    issues.reportIssue(.proposalIDWrongDigitCount, source: source)
                 }
 
                 // The link should be relative and contain the correct number of digits.
                 if !proposalLink.destination.contains(/^\d\d\d\d-.*\.md$/) {
                     self.proposalLink?.destination = "" // Do not include an incorrect destination
-                    errors.append(Proposal.Issue.invalidProposalIDLink)
+                    issues.reportIssue(Proposal.Issue.invalidProposalIDLink, source: source)
                 }
             }
             
         } else {
-            errors.append(.missingProposalIDLink)
+            issues.reportIssue(.missingProposalIDLink, source: source)
         }
-        return ExtractionResult(value: proposalLink ?? LinkInfo(text: "", destination: ""), warnings: warnings, errors: errors)
+        return ExtractionResult(value: proposalLink ?? LinkInfo(text: "", destination: ""), warnings: issues.warnings, errors: issues.errors)
     }
     
     mutating func visitLink(_ link: Link) -> () {
diff --git a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/StatusExtractor.swift b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/StatusExtractor.swift
index 072e190..55219c2 100644
--- a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/StatusExtractor.swift
+++ b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/StatusExtractor.swift
@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ struct StatusExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
         self.extractionDate = source.extractionDate
     }
     
-    private var warnings: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-    private var errors: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-    
+    private var issues = IssueWrapper()
     var status: Proposal.Status? = nil
     
     mutating func extractValue() -> ExtractionResult<Proposal.Status> {
@@ -33,9 +31,9 @@ struct StatusExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
         
         // This checks both that the field is found and is successfully extracted
         if status == nil {
-            warnings.append(.missingStatus)
+            issues.reportIssue(.missingStatus, source: source)
         }
-        return ExtractionResult(value: status, warnings: warnings, errors: errors)
+        return ExtractionResult(value: status, warnings: issues.warnings, errors: issues.errors)
     }
 
     mutating func visitStrong(_ strong: Strong) -> () {
@@ -60,17 +58,17 @@ struct StatusExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
                 start = result.start
                 end = result.end
                 if let warning = result.reviewEndedWarning {
-                    warnings.append(warning)
+                    issues.reportIssue(warning, source: source)
                 }
             } else {
-                warnings.append(.missingOrInvalidReviewDates)
+                issues.reportIssue(.missingOrInvalidReviewDates, source: source)
             }
         }
         
         if let rawStatus = Proposal.Status(name: statusString, version: version, start: start, end: end) {
             status = rawStatus
         } else {
-            errors.append(.missingOrInvalidStatus)
+            issues.reportIssue(.missingOrInvalidStatus, source: source)
             status = .statusExtractionFailed
         }
     }
diff --git a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/TitleExtractor.swift b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/TitleExtractor.swift
index 9d6d751..ddaf1dd 100644
--- a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/TitleExtractor.swift
+++ b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/TitleExtractor.swift
@@ -14,9 +14,7 @@ struct TitleExtractor: ValueExtractor {
     private var source: DocumentSource
     init(source: DocumentSource) { self.source = source }
 
-    private var warnings: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-    private var errors: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-
+    private var issues = IssueWrapper()
     mutating func extractValue() -> ExtractionResult<String> {
         
         var title: String?
@@ -30,9 +28,9 @@ struct TitleExtractor: ValueExtractor {
             title = titleElement.plainText
             
         } else {
-            errors.append(.proposalContainsNoContent)
+            issues.reportIssue(.proposalContainsNoContent, source: source)
         }
-        return ExtractionResult(value: title, warnings: warnings, errors: errors)
+        return ExtractionResult(value: title, warnings: issues.warnings, errors: issues.errors)
         
     }
 }
diff --git a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/UpcomingFeatureFlagExtractor.swift b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/UpcomingFeatureFlagExtractor.swift
index 077918e..816614f 100644
--- a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/UpcomingFeatureFlagExtractor.swift
+++ b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/FieldExtractors/UpcomingFeatureFlagExtractor.swift
@@ -14,9 +14,7 @@ struct UpcomingFeatureFlagExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
     private var source: HeaderFieldSource
     init(source: HeaderFieldSource) { self.source = source }
 
-    private var warnings: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-    private var errors: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-
+    private var issues = IssueWrapper()
     private var flag: String?
 
     private var uff: Proposal.UpcomingFeatureFlag? {
@@ -36,15 +34,15 @@ struct UpcomingFeatureFlagExtractor: MarkupWalker, ValueExtractor {
             if let flag {
                 if flag.contains(/\s/) {
                     self.flag = nil
-                    errors.append(.malformedUpcomingFeatureFlag)
+                    issues.reportIssue(.malformedUpcomingFeatureFlag, source: source)
                 }
             } else {
-                errors.append(.upcomingFeatureFlagExtractionFailure)
+                issues.reportIssue(.upcomingFeatureFlagExtractionFailure, source: source)
             }
             
         }
         
-        return ExtractionResult(value: uff, warnings: warnings, errors: errors)
+        return ExtractionResult(value: uff, warnings: issues.warnings, errors: issues.errors)
     }
     
     mutating func visitInlineCode(_ inlineCode: InlineCode) -> () {
diff --git a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/ProposalMetadataExtractor.swift b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/ProposalMetadataExtractor.swift
index 6c3c3db..d8d23ec 100644
--- a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/ProposalMetadataExtractor.swift
+++ b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Extractors/ProposalMetadataExtractor.swift
@@ -19,18 +19,15 @@ struct ProposalMetadataExtractor {
     ///   - extractionDate: Extraction date used to determine expired review periods
     /// - Returns: The extracted proposal metadata
     static func extractProposalMetadata(from markdown: String, proposalSpec: ProposalSpec, extractionDate: Date) -> Proposal {
-                
+
+        var issues = IssueWrapper()
         var proposal = Proposal()
         proposal.sha = proposalSpec.sha
-        
-        var warnings: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-        var errors: [Proposal.Issue] = []
-        
+
         func extractValue<T: ValueExtractor>(from source: T.Source, with extractorType: T.Type) -> T.ResultValue? {
             var extractor = extractorType.init(source: source)
             let result = extractor.extractValue()
-            warnings.append(contentsOf: result.warnings)
-            errors.append(contentsOf: result.errors)
+            issues.append(errors: result.errors, warnings: result.warnings)
             return result.value
         }
         
@@ -58,13 +55,13 @@ struct ProposalMetadataExtractor {
             if let authors = extractValue(from: headerFieldsSource, with: AuthorExtractor.self), !authors.isEmpty {
                 proposal.authors = authors
             } else {
-                errors.append(.missingAuthors)
+                issues.reportIssue(.missingAuthors, source: headerFieldsSource)
             }
             
             if let reviewManagers = extractValue(from: headerFieldsSource, with: ReviewManagerExtractor.self), !reviewManagers.isEmpty {
                 proposal.reviewManagers = reviewManagers
             } else {
-                warnings.append(.missingReviewManagers)
+                issues.reportIssue(.missingReviewManagers, source: headerFieldsSource)
             }
             
             proposal.upcomingFeatureFlag = extractValue(from: headerFieldsSource, with: UpcomingFeatureFlagExtractor.self)
@@ -75,7 +72,7 @@ struct ProposalMetadataExtractor {
             if let discussions = extractValue(from: headerFieldsSource, with: DiscussionExtractor.self) {
                 proposal.discussions = discussions
             } else {
-                errors.append(.missingReviewField)
+                issues.reportIssue(.missingReviewField, source: headerFieldsSource)
             }
             
             if let status = extractValue(from: (headerFieldsSource, extractionDate), with: StatusExtractor.self) {
@@ -96,12 +93,12 @@ struct ProposalMetadataExtractor {
                 proposal.status = .statusExtractionFailed
             }
         } else {
-            errors.append(.missingMetadataFields)
+            issues.reportIssue(.missingMetadataFields, source: documentSource)
         }
         
-        // Add warnings and errors if present
-        if !warnings.isEmpty { proposal.warnings = warnings }
-        if !errors.isEmpty { proposal.errors = errors }
+        // Add warnings and errors to proposal if present
+        if !issues.warnings.isEmpty { proposal.warnings = issues.warnings }
+        if !issues.errors.isEmpty { proposal.errors = issues.errors }
 
         return proposal
     }
@@ -176,7 +173,26 @@ struct LinkInfo {
     }
 }
 
-// Protocol and structs to encapsulate source information for extractors
+// Protocol and structs to encapsulate source and issue information for extractors
+
+struct IssueWrapper {
+    private(set) var errors: [Proposal.Issue] = []
+    private(set) var warnings: [Proposal.Issue] = []
+    mutating func reportIssue<Source: IssueSource>(_ issue: Proposal.Issue, source: Source) {
+        if let exclusions = source.project.validationExemptions[issue.code],
+           exclusions.contains(source.proposalNumber) { return }
+        else {
+            switch issue.kind {
+                case .error: errors.append(issue)
+                case .warning: warnings.append(issue)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    mutating func append(errors: [Proposal.Issue], warnings: [Proposal.Issue]) {
+        self.errors.append(contentsOf: errors)
+        self.warnings.append(contentsOf: warnings)
+    }
+}
 
 protocol IssueSource {
     var project: Project { get }
diff --git a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Utilities/Project.swift b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Utilities/Project.swift
index 283bbca..a73bfc1 100644
--- a/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Utilities/Project.swift
+++ b/Sources/EvolutionMetadataExtraction/Utilities/Project.swift
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@
 // See https://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
 
 import Foundation
+import EvolutionMetadataModel
+
+// typealias improves readability of validationExemptions definitions
+fileprivate typealias Issue = Proposal.Issue
 
 /**
  Represents a software project with its own set of evolution proposals.
@@ -59,7 +63,21 @@ public final class Project: Sendable {
         proposalRegex: /^SE-\d\d\d\d$/,
         previousResultsURL: URL(string: "https://download.swift.org/swift-evolution/v1/evolution.json")!,
         defaultOutputFilename: "evolution.json",
-        validationExemptions: [:]
+        validationExemptions: [
+    
+            // 'Review' is a required field, but currently a fair number of older proposals are missing the
+            // field for a variety of reasons. Those issues should be corrected in the proposals themselves.
+            // Once corrected, the exemption for the corrected proposal can be removed.
+            // Note that some early proposals may not have valid discussions be added and will always need exemption.
+            Issue.missingReviewField.code:
+                RangeSet([0001, 0002, 0004, 0020, 0051, 0079, 0100, 0176, 0177, 0188, 0193, 0194, 0196, 0198, 0201, 0203, 0205, 0208, 0209, 0210, 0212, 0213, 0219, 0243, 0245, 0247, 0248, 0249, 0250, 0252, 0259, 0263, 0268, 0269, 0273, 0278, 0284, 0289, 0295, 0300, 0303, 0304, 0312, 0313, 0317, 0318, 0337, 0338, 0341, 0343, 0344, 0348, 0350, 0356, 0365, 0385]),
+
+            // Some older proposals are missing links to discussions or do not format discussions correctly.
+            // Those issues should be corrected in the proposals themselves.
+            // Once corrected, the exemption for the corrected proposal can be removed.
+            Issue.discussionExtractionFailure.code:
+                RangeSet(0392),
+        ]
     )
 
     public static let swiftTesting = Project(
@@ -86,3 +104,27 @@ public final class Project: Sendable {
         validationExemptions: [:]
     )
 }
+
+// MARK: - Range and RangeSet Extensions
+
+/* Extensions to Range and RangeSet to increase clarity of validationExemptions definitions */
+
+private extension Range where Bound == Int {
+    static func upTo(_ upperBound: Int) -> Range { 0..<upperBound }
+}
+
+private extension RangeSet where Bound == Int {
+    static var allExempt: RangeSet { RangeSet(0..<Int.max) }
+}
+
+/*  Creates a Range from an integer literal of the form value..<(value + 1).
+    For Int.max, the lower and upper bounds of the range are Int.max.
+    Although a retroactive conformance, the risk of this being officially added
+    to the standard library is very low.
+ */
+extension Range: @retroactive ExpressibleByIntegerLiteral where Bound == Int {
+    public typealias IntegerLiteralType = Int
+    public init(integerLiteral value: Int) {
+        self.init(uncheckedBounds: (lower: value, upper: value == Int.max ? Int.max : value + 1))
+    }
+}