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<html>
<head>
<meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="content-type">
<title>Toki Pona</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style1.css">
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<meta name="robots" content="NOINDEX, NOFOLLOW">
</head>
<body>
<h1>Toki Pona</h1>
<a href=#grammar>Grammar summary</a>
<h2>Words</h2>
Most toki pona words really have no part of speech. The exceptions are PARTICLE and PREPOSITION, see the grammar below.
<p><table class="dict">
<tr>
<td class="dt">a <dr>or</dr> kin</td>
<td class="de">PARTICLE: (emphasis, emotion or confirmation)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">akesi</td>
<td class="de">reptile, amphibian</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">ala</td>
<td class="de">no, not, zero</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">alasa</td>
<td class="de">to hunt, forage</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">ale <dr>or</dr> ali</td>
<td class="de">all; abundant, countless, bountiful, every, plentiful; everything, life, universe; 100</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">anpa</td>
<td class="de">bowing down, downward, humble, lowly, dependent</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">ante</td>
<td class="de">different, altered, changed, other</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">anu</td>
<td class="de">PARTICLE: or</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">awen</td>
<td class="de">enduring, kept, protected, safe, waiting, staying; PRE-VERB: to continue to</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">e</td>
<td class="de">(before the direct object)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">en</td>
<td class="de">PARTICLE: (between multiple subjects)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">epiku</td>
<td class="de">epic (new)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">esun</td>
<td class="de">market, shop, fair, bazaar, business transaction</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">ijo</td>
<td class="de">thing, phenomenon, object, matter</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">ike</td>
<td class="de">bad, negative; non-essential, irrelevant</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">ilo</td>
<td class="de">tool, implement, machine, device</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">insa</td>
<td class="de">centre, content, inside, between; internal organ, stomach</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">jaki</td>
<td class="de">disgusting, obscene, sickly, toxic, unclean, unsanitary</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">jan</td>
<td class="de">human being, person, somebody</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">jasima</td>
<td class="de">reflect, reflection, mirror (new)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">jelo</td>
<td class="de">yellow, yellowish</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">jo</td>
<td class="de">to have, carry, contain, hold</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kala</td>
<td class="de">fish, marine animal, sea creature</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kalama</td>
<td class="de">to produce a sound; recite, utter aloud</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kama</td>
<td class="de">arriving, coming, future, summoned; PRE-VERB: to become, manage to, succeed in</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kasi</td>
<td class="de">plant, vegetation; herb, leaf</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">ken</td>
<td class="de">possible; PRE-VERB: to be able to, be allowed to, can, may</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kepeken</td>
<td class="de">PREPOSITION: to use, with, by means of</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kili</td>
<td class="de">fruit, vegetable, mushroom</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kipisi</td>
<td class="de">to cut, split, slice (new)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kiwen</td>
<td class="de">hard object, metal, rock, stone</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">ko</td>
<td class="de">clay, clinging form, dough, semi-solid, paste, powder</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kokosila</td>
<td class="de">to speak a non-Toki Pona language in an environment where Toki Pona is more appropriate (new)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kon</td>
<td class="de">air, breath; essence, spirit; hidden reality, unseen agent</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kule</td>
<td class="de">colourful, pigmented, painted</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kulupu</td>
<td class="de">community, company, group, nation, society, tribe</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">kute</td>
<td class="de">ear; to hear, listen; pay attention to, obey</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">la</td>
<td class="de">PARTICLE: (between the context phrase and the main sentence)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">lanpan</td>
<td class="de">take, seize, catch, receive, get (new)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">lape</td>
<td class="de">sleeping, resting</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">laso</td>
<td class="de">blue, green</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">lawa</td>
<td class="de">head, mind; to control, direct, guide, lead, own, plan, regulate, rule</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">leko</td>
<td class="de">block, brick, cube, (rare) stair, stairs (new)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">len</td>
<td class="de">cloth, clothing, fabric, textile; cover, layer of privacy</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">lete</td>
<td class="de">cold, cool; uncooked, raw</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">li</td>
<td class="de">PARTICLE: (between subject and verb; also introduce a new verb for the same subject)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">lili</td>
<td class="de">little, small, short; few; a bit; young</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">linja</td>
<td class="de">long and flexible thing; cord, hair, rope, thread, yarn</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">lipu</td>
<td class="de">flat object; book, document, card, paper, record, website</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">loje</td>
<td class="de">red, reddish</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">lon</td>
<td class="de">location; PREPOSITION: located at, present at, real, true, existing</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">luka</td>
<td class="de">arm, hand, tactile organ; five</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">lukin <dr>or</dr> oko</td>
<td class="de">eye; to look at, see, examine, observe, read, watch; to seek, look for, try to</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">lupa</td>
<td class="de">door, hole, orifice, window</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">ma</td>
<td class="de">earth, land; outdoors, world; country, territory; soil</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">mama</td>
<td class="de">parent, ancestor; creator, originator; caretaker, sustainer</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">mani</td>
<td class="de">money, cash, savings, wealth; large domesticated animal</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">meli</td>
<td class="de">woman, female, feminine person; wife</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">meso</td>
<td class="de">average, medium (new)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">mi</td>
<td class="de">I, me, we, us</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">mije</td>
<td class="de">man, male, masculine person; husband</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">misekeke</td>
<td class="de">medicine, cure (new)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">moku</td>
<td class="de">to eat, drink, consume, swallow, ingest</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">moli</td>
<td class="de">dead, dying</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">monsi</td>
<td class="de">back, behind, rear</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">monsuta</td>
<td class="de">monster, predator, danger, threat, source of fear, scary (new)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">mu</td>
<td class="de">PARTICLE: (animal noise or communication)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">mun</td>
<td class="de">moon, night sky object, star</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">musi</td>
<td class="de">artistic, entertaining, frivolous, playful, recreational</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">mute</td>
<td class="de">many, a lot, more, much, several, very; quantity</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">nanpa</td>
<td class="de">numbers; PARTICLE: -th (ordinal number)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">nasa</td>
<td class="de">unusual, strange; foolish, crazy; drunk, intoxicated</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">nasin</td>
<td class="de">way, custom, doctrine, method, path, road</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">nena</td>
<td class="de">bump, button, hill, mountain, nose, protuberance</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">ni</td>
<td class="de">that, this</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">nimi</td>
<td class="de">name, word</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">noka</td>
<td class="de">foot, leg, organ of locomotion; bottom, lower part</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">o</td>
<td class="de">PARTICLE: hey! O! (vocative or imperative)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">olin</td>
<td class="de">to love, have compassion for, respect, show affection to</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">ona</td>
<td class="de">he, she, it, they</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">open</td>
<td class="de">to begin, start; open; turn on</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">pakala</td>
<td class="de">botched, broken, damaged, harmed, messed up</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">pali</td>
<td class="de">to do, take action on, work on; build, make, prepare</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">palisa</td>
<td class="de">long hard thing; branch, rod, stick</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">pan</td>
<td class="de">cereal, grain; barley, corn, oat, rice, wheat; bread, pasta</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">pana</td>
<td class="de">to give, send, emit, provide, put, release</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">pi</td>
<td class="de">PARTICLE: of</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">pilin</td>
<td class="de">heart (physical or emotional); feeling (an emotion, a direct experience)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">pimeja</td>
<td class="de">black, dark, unlit</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">pini</td>
<td class="de">ago, completed, ended, finished, past</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">pipi</td>
<td class="de">bug, insect, ant, spider</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">poka</td>
<td class="de">hip, side; next to, nearby, vicinity</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">poki</td>
<td class="de">container, bag, bowl, box, cup, cupboard, drawer, vessel</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">pona</td>
<td class="de">good, positive, useful; friendly, peaceful; simple</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">pu</td>
<td class="de">interacting with the official Toki Pona book</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">sama</td>
<td class="de">same, similar; each other; sibling, peer, fellow; PREPOSITION: as, like</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">seli</td>
<td class="de">fire; cooking element, chemical reaction, heat source</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">selo</td>
<td class="de">outer form, outer layer; bark, peel, shell, skin; boundary</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">seme</td>
<td class="de">PARTICLE: what? which?</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">sewi</td>
<td class="de">area above, highest part, something elevated; awe-inspiring, divine, sacred, supernatural</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">sijelo</td>
<td class="de">body (of person or animal), physical state, torso</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">sike</td>
<td class="de">round or circular thing; ball, circle, cycle, sphere, wheel; of one year</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">sin <dr>or</dr> namako</td>
<td class="de">new, fresh; additional, another, extra</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">sina</td>
<td class="de">you</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">sinpin</td>
<td class="de">face, foremost, front, wall</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">sitelen</td>
<td class="de">image, picture, representation, symbol, mark, writing</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">soko</td>
<td class="de">mushroom, fungus, fungi (new)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">sona</td>
<td class="de">to know, be skilled in, be wise about, have information on; PRE-VERB: to know how to</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">soweli</td>
<td class="de">animal, beast, land mammal</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">suli</td>
<td class="de">big, heavy, large, long, tall; important; adult</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">suno</td>
<td class="de">sun; light, brightness, glow, radiance, shine; light source</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">supa</td>
<td class="de">horizontal surface, thing to put or rest something on</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">suwi</td>
<td class="de">sweet, fragrant; cute, innocent, adorable</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">tan</td>
<td class="de">PREPOSITION: by, from, because of</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">taso</td>
<td class="de">only; PARTICLE: but, however</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">tawa</td>
<td class="de">moving; PREPOSITION: going to, toward; for; from the perspective of</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">telo</td>
<td class="de">water, liquid, fluid, wet substance; beverage</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">tenpo</td>
<td class="de">time, duration, moment, occasion, period, situation</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">toki</td>
<td class="de">to communicate, say, speak, say, talk, use language, think</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">tomo</td>
<td class="de">indoor space; building, home, house, room</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">tonsi</td>
<td class="de">gender nonbinary (new)</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">tu</td>
<td class="de">two</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">unpa</td>
<td class="de">to have sexual or marital relations with</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">uta</td>
<td class="de">mouth, lips, oral cavity, jaw</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">utala</td>
<td class="de">to battle, challenge, compete against, struggle against</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">walo</td>
<td class="de">white, whitish; light-coloured, pale</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">wan</td>
<td class="de">unique, united; one</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">waso</td>
<td class="de">bird, flying creature, winged animal</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">wawa</td>
<td class="de">strong, powerful; confident, sure; energetic, intense</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">weka</td>
<td class="de">absent, away, ignored</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="dt">wile</td>
<td class="de">PRE-VERB: must, need, require, should, want, wish</td></tr></table>
<h2 id=grammar>Grammar summary</h2>
<h3>Clauses</h3>
A, B, and C can be any word except for a pure particle or preposition.
<ul>
<li>A B - A is modified by B
<li>A B C... - A is modified by B and C
<li>A <b>pi</b> B C - C modifies B, and that modifies A
<li>A <b>nanpa</b> B - the B<sup>th</sup> A (e.g. mije nanpa won - the first man)
</ul>
<h3>Sentence structure</h3>
U, V, W, X, Y, and Z below represent "clauses" as defined above.
M and N are full sentences.
Q is somebody being addressed, often a name starting with the word "jan".
<ul>
<li>X <b>li</b> Y - X is/does Y
<li><b>mi</b> Y - We/I are/am/do Y
<li><b>sina</b> Y - You are/do Y
<li><b>ona</b> Y - They/he/she are/is/do Y
<li>X li Y <b>e</b> Z - X is/does Y to Z - actually Z is the direct object
<li>X li <b>Y ali Y</b> e Z? - is/does X Y?
<li>X li Y <b>anu seme</b>? - is/does X Y?
<li>X li Y e <b>seme</b>? - to whom/what X is/does Y?
<li><b>seme</b> li Y? - who/what is/does Y?
<li>X <b>en</b> U li Y e Z - X and U is/does Y to Z
<li>X <b>li Y li V</b> e Z - X is/does Y and V to Z
<li>X li Y <b>e Z e W</b> - X is/does Y to Z and W
<li>N <b>la</b> M - With/If N then M
<li>N <b>taso</b> M - N but M
<li><b>taso</b> M - but M
<li><b>o</b> Y - be/do Y!
<li>Q <b>o</b> X li Y - dear Q, X is/does Y
<li>Q <b>o</b> Y - dear Q, be/do Y!
<li>X <b>o</b> Y - we wish X would be Y
</ul>
"a" can be appended to any clause, and it is also a full sentence on its own.<p/>
"lon", "kepeken", "tawa", "tan" can be used instead of "e" in the sentence structures above.</p>
</body></html>