diff --git a/History.md b/History.md
index 2a3abafe4..65e7c0690 100644
--- a/History.md
+++ b/History.md
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * move middleware to separate repos
  * remove docs
  * remove node patches
+ * remove connect(middleware...)
 
 2.x
 ===================
diff --git a/lib/connect.js b/lib/connect.js
index b55da4f16..e8727e94b 100644
--- a/lib/connect.js
+++ b/lib/connect.js
@@ -55,9 +55,6 @@ function createServer() {
   utils.merge(app, EventEmitter.prototype);
   app.route = '/';
   app.stack = [];
-  for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; ++i) {
-    app.use(arguments[i]);
-  }
   return app;
 };
 
diff --git a/test/directory.js b/test/directory.js
index b6864527d..99339d2b8 100644
--- a/test/directory.js
+++ b/test/directory.js
@@ -119,7 +119,8 @@ describe('directory()', function(){
   });
 
   describe('when setting a custom template', function () {
-    var app = connect(connect.directory('test/fixtures', {'template': __dirname + '/shared/template.html'}));
+    var app = connect();
+    app.use(connect.directory('test/fixtures', {'template': __dirname + '/shared/template.html'}));
 
     it('should respond with file list and testing template sentence', function (done) {
       app.request()
@@ -138,7 +139,8 @@ describe('directory()', function(){
   });
 
   describe('when set with trailing slash', function () {
-    var app = connect(connect.directory('test/fixtures/'));
+    var app = connect();
+    app.use(connect.directory('test/fixtures/'));
 
     it('should respond with file list', function (done) {
       app.request()
@@ -157,7 +159,8 @@ describe('directory()', function(){
   });
 
   describe('when set to \'.\'', function () {
-    var app = connect(connect.directory('.'));
+    var app = connect();
+    app.use(connect.directory('.'));
 
     it('should respond with file list', function (done) {
       app.request()