Logs API to have functionality for reusing Standard Attributes (#4373)

Fixes
#4201

Reference implementations:
- open-telemetry/opentelemetry-go#6180
- open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java#6983

Related Slack thread:
https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C062HUREGUV/p1736545245331779

---------

Co-authored-by: Trask Stalnaker <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Liudmila Molkova <[email protected]>

Author: 3 people

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ release.
 
 - Define how SDK implements `Logger.Enabled`.
   ([#4381](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-specification/pull/4381))
+- Logs API should have functionality for reusing Standard Attributes.
+  ([#4373](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-specification/pull/4373))
 
 ### Baggage
 

spec-compliance-matrix.md

@@ -193,6 +193,7 @@ Disclaimer: this list of features is still a work in progress, please refer to t
 | LoggerProvider.Shutdown                      |          |     | +    |     | +      |      |        | +   |      | +   | -    |       |
 | LoggerProvider.ForceFlush                    |          |     | +    |     | +      |      |        | +   |      | +   | -    |       |
 | Logger.Emit(LogRecord)                       |          |     | +    |     | +      |      |        | +   |      | +   | -    |       |
+| Reuse Standard Attributes                    | X        | +   |      |     |        |      |        |     |      |     |      |       |
 | LogRecord.Set EventName                      |          |     |      |     |        |      |        |     |      |     |      |       |
 | Logger.Enabled                               | X        | +   |      |     |        |      |        |     | +    | +   |      |       |
 | SimpleLogRecordProcessor                     |          |     | +    |     | +      |      |        | +   |      | +   |      |       |

specification/logs/api.md

@@ -124,6 +124,14 @@ The API MUST accept the following parameters:
 - [Attributes](./data-model.md#field-attributes) (optional)
 - **Status**: [Development](../document-status.md) - [Event Name](./data-model.md#field-eventname) (optional)
 
+**Status**: [Development](../document-status.md)
+
+The API SHOULD provide functionality for users to convert
+[Standard Attributes](../common/README.md#standard-attribute)
+so they can be used, or directly accept them, in the log signal.
+This allows the reuse of [Standard Attributes](../common/README.md#standard-attribute)
+across signals.
+
 ### Enabled
 
 **Status**: [Development](../document-status.md)