diff --git a/packages/core/src/adapters.ts b/packages/core/src/adapters.ts
index 43c4800870..f84c9294a7 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/adapters.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/adapters.ts
@@ -360,6 +360,10 @@ export interface Adapter {
   /**
    * Updates a session in the database and returns it.
    *
+   * :::tip
+   * If an `AdapterSession` is returned, it will be used in place of the original session.
+   * :::
+   *
    * See also [Database Session management](https://authjs.dev/guides/creating-a-database-adapter#database-session-management)
    */
   updateSession?(
diff --git a/packages/core/src/lib/actions/session.ts b/packages/core/src/lib/actions/session.ts
index cd2d815cde..78bbc126e3 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/lib/actions/session.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/lib/actions/session.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { JWTSessionError, SessionTokenError } from "../../errors.js"
 import { fromDate } from "../utils/date.js"
 
-import type { Adapter } from "../../adapters.js"
+import type { Adapter, AdapterSession } from "../../adapters.js"
 import type { InternalOptions, ResponseInternal, Session } from "../../types.js"
 import type { Cookie, SessionStore } from "../utils/cookie.js"
 
@@ -119,10 +119,14 @@ export async function session(
         sessionUpdateAge * 1000
 
       const newExpires = fromDate(sessionMaxAge)
+
+      let newAdapterSession: AdapterSession | null | undefined = null
+
       // Trigger update of session expiry date and write to database, only
-      // if the session was last updated more than {sessionUpdateAge} ago
+      // if the session was last updated more than {sessionUpdateAge} ago.
+      // Use new `AdapterSession` if returned.
       if (sessionIsDueToBeUpdatedDate <= Date.now()) {
-        await updateSession({
+        newAdapterSession = await updateSession({
           sessionToken: sessionToken,
           expires: newExpires,
         })
@@ -133,7 +137,7 @@ export async function session(
         // TODO: user already passed below,
         // remove from session object in https://github.com/nextauthjs/next-auth/pull/9702
         // @ts-expect-error
-        session: { ...session, user },
+        session: { ...(newAdapterSession ? newAdapterSession : session), user },
         user,
         newSession,
         ...(isUpdate ? { trigger: "update" } : {}),
@@ -145,10 +149,12 @@ export async function session(
       // Set cookie again to update expiry
       response.cookies?.push({
         name: options.cookies.sessionToken.name,
-        value: sessionToken,
+        value: newAdapterSession
+          ? newAdapterSession.sessionToken
+          : sessionToken,
         options: {
           ...options.cookies.sessionToken.options,
-          expires: newExpires,
+          expires: newAdapterSession ? newAdapterSession.expires : newExpires,
         },
       })
 
diff --git a/packages/core/test/actions/session.test.ts b/packages/core/test/actions/session.test.ts
index 314d948116..3ce3905542 100644
--- a/packages/core/test/actions/session.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/test/actions/session.test.ts
@@ -273,5 +273,80 @@ describe("assert GET session action", () => {
 
       assertNoCacheResponseHeaders(response)
     })
+
+    it("should return a new session if returned from the adapter", async () => {
+      vi.spyOn(callbacks, "jwt")
+      vi.spyOn(callbacks, "session")
+      const updatedExpires = getExpires()
+      const currentExpires = getExpires(24 * 60 * 60 * 1000) // 1 day from now
+
+      const expectedSessionToken = randomString(32)
+      const expectedNewSessionToken = randomString(32)
+      const expectedUserId = randomString(32)
+      const expectedUser = {
+        id: expectedUserId,
+        name: "test",
+        email: "test@test.com",
+        image: "https://test.com/test.png",
+        emailVerified: null,
+      } satisfies AdapterUser
+
+      // const expectedUserId = randomString(32)
+      const memory = initMemory()
+      memory.users.set(expectedUserId, expectedUser)
+      memory.sessions.set(expectedSessionToken, {
+        sessionToken: expectedSessionToken,
+        userId: expectedUserId,
+        expires: currentExpires,
+      })
+
+      const adapter = MemoryAdapter(memory, expectedNewSessionToken)
+
+      const { response } = await makeAuthRequest({
+        action: "session",
+        cookies: {
+          [SESSION_COOKIE_NAME]: expectedSessionToken,
+        },
+        config: {
+          adapter,
+        },
+      })
+
+      const actualBodySession = await response.json()
+
+      let cookies = response.headers.getSetCookie().reduce((acc, cookie) => {
+        return { ...acc, ...parseCookie(cookie) }
+      }, {})
+      const actualSessionToken = cookies[SESSION_COOKIE_NAME]
+
+      expect(memory.users.get(expectedUserId)).toEqual(expectedUser)
+      expect(memory.sessions.get(expectedSessionToken)).toEqual({
+        sessionToken: expectedNewSessionToken,
+        userId: expectedUserId,
+        expires: updatedExpires,
+      })
+
+      expect(callbacks.session).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+        newSession: undefined,
+        session: {
+          user: expectedUser,
+          expires: currentExpires,
+          sessionToken: expectedNewSessionToken,
+          userId: expectedUserId,
+        },
+        user: expectedUser,
+      })
+      expect(callbacks.jwt).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+
+      expect(actualSessionToken).toEqual(expectedNewSessionToken)
+      expect(actualBodySession.user).toEqual({
+        image: expectedUser.image,
+        name: expectedUser.name,
+        email: expectedUser.email,
+      })
+      expect(actualBodySession.expires).toEqual(currentExpires.toISOString())
+
+      assertNoCacheResponseHeaders(response)
+    })
   })
 })
diff --git a/packages/core/test/memory-adapter.ts b/packages/core/test/memory-adapter.ts
index c8cedae459..8b525485d9 100644
--- a/packages/core/test/memory-adapter.ts
+++ b/packages/core/test/memory-adapter.ts
@@ -33,7 +33,10 @@ export function initMemory(): Memory {
   }
 }
 
-export function MemoryAdapter(memory?: Memory): Adapter {
+export function MemoryAdapter(
+  memory?: Memory,
+  newSessionToken: string | null = null
+): Adapter {
   const { users, accounts, sessions, verificationTokens } =
     memory ?? initMemory()
 
@@ -169,6 +172,16 @@ export function MemoryAdapter(memory?: Memory): Adapter {
       if (!currentSession) throw new Error("Session not found")
 
       const updatedSession = { ...currentSession, ...session }
+      if (newSessionToken) {
+        // Delete old session token if a new one is provided
+        sessions.delete(session.sessionToken)
+        // Create a new session with the new session token
+        updatedSession.sessionToken = newSessionToken
+        sessions.set(newSessionToken, updatedSession)
+
+        return updatedSession
+      }
+
       sessions.set(session.sessionToken, updatedSession)
 
       return updatedSession