example.ino

int - integer
//declaration and initialisation
int age = 19;
//declaration
int age;
//initialisation
age = 19;

short, long - real numbers
char - character

unsigned - no sign on values i.e. no negative numbers

int shoeSize = 10;

if (this) then
//that

// comparison operators
>, <, ==, <=, >=, !=
// logical operators
&&, ||, ! 
AND, OR, NOT

bool isOverAge = true;

if (!isOverAge) {
    
} else if (shoeSize < 5) {

} else {
    //DO SOMETHING ELSE ENTIRELY
}