BinaryOut.java

import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

/*
    Pour la sortie binaire nous nous sommes servis d'une partie du code de sedgewick que nous avons
    adapté a la situation de notre devoir.

 *  <i>Binary output</i>. This class provides methods for converting
 *  primtive type variables ({@code boolean}, {@code byte}, {@code char},
 *  {@code int}, {@code long}, {@code float}, and {@code double})
 *  to sequences of bits and writing them to an output stream.
 *  The output stream can be standard output, a file, an OutputStream or a Socket.
 *  Uses big-endian (most-significant byte first).
 *  <p>
 *  The client must {@code flush()} the output stream when finished writing bits.
 *  <p>
 *  The client should not intermix calls to {@code BinaryOut} with calls
 *  to {@code Out}; otherwise unexpected behavior will result.
 *
 *  @author Robert Sedgewick
 *  @author Kevin Wayne
 */
public final class BinaryOut {

    private BufferedOutputStream out;  // the output stream
    private int buffer;                // 8-bit buffer of bits to write out
    private int n;                     // number of bits remaining in buffer


    /**
     * Initializes a binary output stream from standard output.
     */
    public BinaryOut() {
        out = new BufferedOutputStream(System.out);
    }

    /**
     * Writes the specified bit to the binary output stream.
     * @param x the bit
     */
    public void writeBit(boolean x) {
        // add bit to buffer
        buffer <<= 1;
        if (x) buffer |= 1;

        // if buffer is full (8 bits), write out as a single byte
        n++;
        if (n == 8) clearBuffer();
    }

    // write out any remaining bits in buffer to the binary output stream, padding with 0s
    private void clearBuffer() {
        if (n == 0) return;
        if (n > 0) buffer <<= (8 - n);
        try {
            out.write(buffer);
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        n = 0;
        buffer = 0;
    }

    /*
     * Flushes the binary output stream, padding 0s if number of bits written so far
     * is not a multiple of 8.
     */
    public void flush() {
        clearBuffer();
        try {
            out.flush();
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /*
     * Flushes and closes the binary output stream.
     * Once it is closed, bits can no longer be written.
     */
    public void close() {
        flush();
        try {
            out.close();
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /*
     * Writes the specified bit to the binary output stream.
     * @param x the {@code boolean} to write
     */
    public void write(boolean x) {
        writeBit(x);
    }
}

/******************************************************************************
 *  Copyright 2002-2018, Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne.
 *
 *  This file is part of algs4.jar, which accompanies the textbook
 *
 *      Algorithms, 4th edition by Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne,
 *      Addison-Wesley Professional, 2011, ISBN 0-321-57351-X.
 *      http://algs4.cs.princeton.edu
 *
 *
 *  algs4.jar is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  algs4.jar is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with algs4.jar.  If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses.
 ******************************************************************************/