diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 37c071e..08f682a 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -3,3 +3,26 @@
 .idea/**/*
 interfacetest.iml
 /test-output/
+### Java template
+# Compiled class file
+*.class
+
+# Log file
+*.log
+
+# BlueJ files
+*.ctxt
+
+# Mobile Tools for Java (J2ME)
+.mtj.tmp/
+
+# Package file.Files #
+#*.jar
+*.war
+*.ear
+*.zip
+*.tar.gz
+*.rar
+
+# virtual machine crash logs, see http://www.java.com/en/download/help/error_hotspot.xml
+hs_err_pid*
diff --git a/failCount.properties b/failCount.properties
index 67a0aaf..e791b5b 100644
--- a/failCount.properties
+++ b/failCount.properties
@@ -1,34 +1 @@
-#
-#Mon Apr 17 18:22:26 CST 2017
-uploadWithFileConvert=0
-registerVipJr=0
-loginVipjr=0
-getAfterQuestion=0
-reviewPage=1
-getClientReservedLessons=1
-getClientClasses=0
-lessonInfo=1
-setReservation=0
-newLogin=0
-getClientLessonHistory=0
-getList=0
-getJRHotNewsList=0
-lessonQuestions=1
-getLevelInfo=0
-setAfterQuestionEvaluation=0
-homeLogin=0
-getClientBasicInfoByEmail=0
-activateAccount=0
-preparePage=1
-reservationInformation=0
-getClientClassRecordTimeList=1
-beforeTest=2
-getJRNewsDetailByNewsID=0
-afterTest=0
-checkRegisterMail=0
-getDCGS=0
-lessonVocab=1
-classContract=0
-data=0
-viewMyVideo=0
-recommandList=0
+中文输入
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 5f8be67..10e1793 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@
         <dependency>
             <groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId>
             <artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId>
-            <version>1.4.4</version>
+            <version>1.4.7</version>
         </dependency>
         <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
         <dependency>
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/vipabc/interfacetest/utils/ConnectToDB.java b/src/main/java/com/vipabc/interfacetest/utils/ConnectToDB.java
index e5bddfb..d7b195f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/vipabc/interfacetest/utils/ConnectToDB.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/vipabc/interfacetest/utils/ConnectToDB.java
@@ -11,102 +11,105 @@
 
 public class ConnectToDB {
 
-	private Connection conn;
+    private Connection conn;
 
-	public ConnectToDB() {
-		String driver = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";
+    public ConnectToDB() {
+        String driver = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";
 
-		String url = "jdbc:mysql://172.16.233.82:3306/vfs";
+        String url = "jdbc:mysql://172.16.233.82:3306/vfs";
 
-		String user = "vfsdev";
+        String user = "vfsdev";
 
-		String password = "vfs123";
+        String password = "vfs123";
 
-		try {
-			Class.forName(driver);
-			conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
-			if (!conn.isClosed())
-				System.out.println("Succeeded connecting to the Database!");
-		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+        try {
+            Class.forName(driver);
+            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
+            if (!conn.isClosed())
+                System.out.println("Succeeded connecting to the Database!");
+        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
 
-			System.out.println("Sorry,can't find the Driver!");
-			e.printStackTrace();
+            System.out.println("Sorry,can't find the Driver!");
+            e.printStackTrace();
 
-		} catch (SQLException e) {
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
 
-			e.printStackTrace();
+            e.printStackTrace();
 
-		} catch (Exception e) {
+        } catch (Exception e) {
 
-			e.printStackTrace();
+            e.printStackTrace();
 
-		}
-	}
+        }
+    }
 
-	public List<HashMap<String, String>> query(String table, String key) throws SQLException {
-		Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
+    public List<HashMap<String, String>> query(String table, String key) throws SQLException {
+        Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
         ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery("select * from " + table);
         List<HashMap<String, String>> result = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
 
         ResultSetMetaData md = rs.getMetaData();
         int cc = md.getColumnCount();
-		while (rs.next()) {
+        while (rs.next()) {
             HashMap<String, String> columnMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
             for (int i = 1; i <= cc; i++) {
                 columnMap.put(md.getColumnName(i), rs.getString(i));
             }
             result.add(columnMap);
-		}
-		rs.close();
-		conn.close();
-		return result;
-	}
+        }
+        rs.close();
+        conn.close();
+        return result;
+    }
 
-	public  List<HashMap<String, String>> query(String sql) throws SQLException {
-		Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
-		ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);
-		List<HashMap<String, String>> result = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
+    public List<HashMap<String, String>> query(String sql) throws SQLException {
+        Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
+        ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql);
+        List<HashMap<String, String>> result = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
 
         ResultSetMetaData md = rs.getMetaData();
         int cc = md.getColumnCount();
-		while (rs.next()) {
+        while (rs.next()) {
             HashMap<String, String> columnMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
             for (int i = 1; i <= cc; i++) {
                 columnMap.put(md.getColumnName(i), rs.getString(i));
             }
             result.add(columnMap);
-		}
-		rs.close();
+        }
+        rs.close();
 //        conn.close();
         return result;
-	}
-
-	public void insert(String sql) throws SQLException {
-		Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
-		statement.executeUpdate(sql);
-	}
-	public void update(String sql) throws SQLException {
-		Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
-		statement.executeUpdate(sql);
-	}
-	public void delete(String sql) throws SQLException {
-		Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
-		statement.executeUpdate(sql);
-	}
-	  public void closeDBcon(){
-	        try {
-	            conn.close();
-	        } catch (SQLException ex) {
-	             Logger.getLogger(Oracle.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
-	        }
-	      }
-
-	public static void main(String args[]) throws SQLException {
-		ConnectToDB cdb = new ConnectToDB();
-		cdb.query("visit_identitify_code", "code_value");
-		cdb.query("visit_identitify_code", "status");
+    }
+
+    public void insert(String sql) throws SQLException {
+        Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
+        statement.executeUpdate(sql);
+    }
+
+    public void update(String sql) throws SQLException {
+        Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
+        statement.executeUpdate(sql);
+    }
+
+    public void delete(String sql) throws SQLException {
+        Statement statement = conn.createStatement();
+        statement.executeUpdate(sql);
+    }
+
+    public void closeDBcon() {
+        try {
+            conn.close();
+        } catch (SQLException ex) {
+            Logger.getLogger(Oracle.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) throws SQLException {
+        ConnectToDB cdb = new ConnectToDB();
+        cdb.query("visit_identitify_code", "code_value");
+        cdb.query("visit_identitify_code", "status");
 //		cdb.insert("INSERT INTO visit_identitify_code"
 //				+ "   (`id`, `creater`, `create_time`, `modifier`, `modify_time`, `version`, `code_value`, `follow_id`, `status`, `client_linkman_id`)"
 //				+ "VALUES   (3, -1, '2014/5/29 17:00:00', NULL, NULL, 0, '4321', 1, 'visiting', 1);");
-	}
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Abstracts.java b/src/tutorial/Abstracts.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f773ccf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Abstracts.java
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 29/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Abstracts {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Salary s = new Salary("James Salary", "Shanghai", 7, 20000);
+        Employee e = new Salary("John Employee", "Tokyo", 9, 30000);
+
+        System.out.println("Call mailCheck using Salary reference --");
+        s.mailCheck();
+
+        System.out.println("\nCall mailCheck using Employee reference --");
+        e.mailCheck();
+    }
+
+}
+
+
+class Salary extends Employee {
+    private double salary;
+
+    public Salary(String name, String address, int number, double salary) {
+        super(name, address, number);
+        setSalary(salary);
+    }
+
+    public void setSalary(double salary) {
+        if (salary >= 0) {
+            this.salary = salary;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public double getSalary() {
+        return this.salary;
+    }
+
+    // 任何子类必须重写父类的抽象方法，或者声明自身为抽象类
+    public double computePay() {
+        System.out.println("Inside Salary computePay");
+        return this.salary;
+    }
+
+    public void mailCheck() {
+        System.out.println("Within mailCheck of Salary class ");
+        System.out.println("Mailing a check to " + getName()
+                + " " + getAddress());
+    }
+}
+
+/* 抽象类总结
+1. 抽象类不能被实例化，如果被实例化，就会报错，编译无法通过。只有抽象类的非抽象子类可以创建对象。
+2. 抽象类中不一定包含抽象方法，但是有抽象方法的类必定是抽象类。
+3. 抽象类中的抽象方法只是声明，不包含方法体，就是不给出方法的具体实现也就是方法的具体功能。
+4. 构造方法，类方法（用static修饰的方法）不能声明为抽象方法。
+5. 抽象类的子类必须给出抽象类中的抽象方法的具体实现，除非该子类也是抽象类。
+*/
+abstract class Employee {
+    private String name;
+    private String address;
+    private int number;
+
+    public Employee(String name, String address, int number) {
+        System.out.println("Constructing an Employee");
+        this.name = name;
+        this.address = address;
+        this.number = number;
+    }
+
+    // 抽象方法只能在抽象类
+    public abstract double computePay();
+
+    public void mailCheck() {
+        System.out.println("Mailing a check to " + this.name
+                + " " + this.address);
+    }
+
+    public String toString() {
+        return name + " " + address + " " + number;
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    public String getAddress() {
+        return address;
+    }
+
+    public void setAddress(String newAddress) {
+        address = newAddress;
+    }
+
+    public int getNumber() {
+        return number;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Arrays.java b/src/tutorial/Arrays.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd4a495
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Arrays.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 27/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Arrays {
+    public static void Array_for() {
+        double[] myList = {1.9, 2.9, 3.4, 3.5};
+        for (int i = 0; i < myList.length; i++) {
+            System.out.println(myList[i]);
+        }
+
+        double total = 0d;
+        for (int i = 0; i < myList.length; i++) {
+            total += myList[i];
+        }
+        System.out.println("Total: " + total);
+
+        double max = myList[0];
+        for (int i = 0; i < myList.length; i++) {
+            max = Math.max(myList[i], max);
+        }
+        System.out.println("Max: " + max);
+    }
+
+    public static void Array_foreach() {
+        double[] myList = {1.9, 2.9, 3.4, 3.5};
+        for (double item : myList) {
+            System.out.println(item);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static int[] reverse(int[] array) {
+        int[] result = new int[array.length];
+        for (int i = 0, j = result.length - 1; i < array.length; i++, j--) {
+            result[i] = array[j];
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static void Array_reverse() {
+        int[] arr = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+        int[] reversed = reverse(arr);
+        for (int i : reversed) {
+            System.out.println(i);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Array_for();
+        Array_foreach();
+        Array_reverse();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Calendars.java b/src/tutorial/Calendars.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24dc638
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Calendars.java
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 28/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Calendars {
+    public static void Calendar_set() {
+        Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance(); //默认是当前日期
+        System.out.println("Calendar.getInstance: " + c);
+
+        c.set(2009, 6 - 1, 12);
+        System.out.println("Calendar.set(2009, 5, 12): " + c);
+
+        c.set(Calendar.DATE, 10);
+        System.out.println("Calendar.set(Calendar.DATE, 10): " + c.get(Calendar.DATE));
+
+        c.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2008);
+        System.out.println("Calendar.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2008): " + c.get(Calendar.YEAR));
+    }
+
+    public static void Calendar_add() {
+        Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
+
+        c.add(Calendar.YEAR, 10);
+        System.out.println("Calendar.add(Calendar.YEAR, 10): " + c.get(Calendar.YEAR));
+
+        c.add(Calendar.DATE, -10);
+        System.out.println("Calendar.add(Calendar.DATE, -10): " + c.get(Calendar.DATE));
+    }
+
+    public static void Gregorian_calendar() {
+        String months[] = {
+                "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr",
+                "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug",
+                "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"};
+
+        int year;
+        // 初始化 Gregorian 日历
+        // 使用当前时间和日期
+        // 默认为本地时间和时区
+        GregorianCalendar gcalendar = new GregorianCalendar();
+        // 显示当前时间和日期的信息
+        System.out.print("Date: ");
+        System.out.print(months[gcalendar.get(Calendar.MONTH)]);
+        System.out.print(" " + gcalendar.get(Calendar.DATE) + " ");
+        System.out.println(year = gcalendar.get(Calendar.YEAR));
+        System.out.print("Time: ");
+        System.out.print(gcalendar.get(Calendar.HOUR) + ":");
+        System.out.print(gcalendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE) + ":");
+        System.out.println(gcalendar.get(Calendar.SECOND));
+
+        // 测试当前年份是否为闰年
+        if (gcalendar.isLeapYear(year)) {
+            System.out.println("当前年份是闰年");
+        } else {
+            System.out.println("当前年份不是闰年");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Calendar_set();
+        Calendar_add();
+        Gregorian_calendar();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Characters.java b/src/tutorial/Characters.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae2a6c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Characters.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 26/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Characters {
+    public static void Character_isLetter() {
+        System.out.println("'C' isLetter: " + Character.isLetter('C'));
+        System.out.println("'1' isLetter: " + Character.isLetter('1'));
+    }
+
+    public static void Character_isDigit() {
+        System.out.println("'A' isDigit: " + Character.isDigit('A'));
+        System.out.println("'5' isDigit: " + Character.isDigit('5'));
+    }
+
+    public static void Character_isWhitespace() {
+        System.out.println("'c' is Whitespace: " + Character.isWhitespace('c'));
+        System.out.println("'\\t' is Whitespace: " + Character.isWhitespace('\t'));
+        System.out.println("'\\n' is Whitespace: " + Character.isWhitespace('\n'));
+        System.out.println("' ' is Whitespace: " + Character.isWhitespace(' '));
+    }
+
+    public static void Character_isUpperCase() {
+        System.out.println("'A' isUpperCase: " + Character.isUpperCase('A'));
+        System.out.println("'a' isUpperCase: " + Character.isUpperCase('a'));
+    }
+
+    public static void Character_isLowerCase() {
+        System.out.println("'B' isLowerCase: " + Character.isLowerCase('A'));
+        System.out.println("'b' isLowerCase: " + Character.isLowerCase('b'));
+    }
+
+    public static void Character_toUpperCase() {
+        System.out.println("'E' toUpperCase: " + Character.toUpperCase('E'));
+        System.out.println("'e' toUpperCase: " + Character.toUpperCase('e'));
+    }
+
+    public static void Character_toLowerCase() {
+        System.out.println("'E' toLowerCase: " + Character.toLowerCase('E'));
+        System.out.println("'e' toLowerCase: " + Character.toLowerCase('e'));
+    }
+
+    public static void Character_toString() {
+        System.out.println("'t' toString: " + Character.toString('t'));
+        System.out.println("'7' toString: " + Character.toString('7'));
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Character_isLetter();
+        Character_isDigit();
+        Character_isWhitespace();
+        Character_isUpperCase();
+        Character_isLowerCase();
+        Character_toUpperCase();
+        Character_toLowerCase();
+        Character_toString();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Dates.java b/src/tutorial/Dates.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b80545f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Dates.java
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+import java.text.ParseException;
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 27/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Dates {
+    public static void Date_date() {
+        Date date = new Date();
+        System.out.println("date: " + date);
+    }
+
+    public static void Date_getTime() {
+        Date date = new Date();
+        System.out.println("date.getTime: " + date.getTime());
+    }
+
+    public static void Date_SimpleDateFormat() throws ParseException {
+        /*
+        G	纪元标记	AD
+        y	四位年份	2001
+        M	月份	July or 07
+        d	一个月的日期	10
+        h	 A.M./P.M. (1~12)格式小时	12
+        H	一天中的小时 (0~23)	22
+        m	分钟数	30
+        s	秒数	55
+        S	毫秒数	234
+        E	星期几	Tuesday
+        D	一年中的日子	360
+        F	一个月中第几周的周几	2 (second Wed. in July)
+        w	一年中第几周	40
+        W	一个月中第几周	1
+        a	A.M./P.M. 标记	PM
+        k	一天中的小时(1~24)	24
+        K	 A.M./P.M. (0~11)格式小时	10
+        z	时区	Eastern Standard Time
+        '	文字定界符	Delimiter
+        "	单引号	`
+        */
+        Date date = new Date();
+        SimpleDateFormat ft = new SimpleDateFormat("E yyyy.MM.dd 'at' hh:mm:ss a zzz");
+        System.out.println("SimpleDateFormat.format(): " + ft.format(date));
+
+        SimpleDateFormat ft2 = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
+        try {
+            Date t = ft2.parse("1983-07-14");
+            System.out.println(t);
+        } catch (ParseException e) {
+            System.out.println("Unparsable using " + ft2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void Date_printf() {
+        /*
+        c  包括全部日期和时间信息  星期六 十月 27 14:21:20 CST 2007
+        F  "年-月-日"格式  2007-10-27
+        D  "月/日/年"格式  10/27/07
+        r  "HH:MM:SS PM"格式（12时制）  02:25:51 下午
+        T  "HH:MM:SS"格式（24时制）   14:28:16
+        R  "HH:MM"格式（24时制）  14:28
+        */
+        Date date = new Date();
+        System.out.printf("全部日期和时间信息: %tc%n", date);
+        System.out.printf("\"年-月-日\"格式: %tF%n", date);
+        System.out.printf("\"月/日/年\"格式: %tD%n", date);
+        System.out.printf("\"HH:MM:SS PM\"格式（12时制): %tr%n", date);
+        System.out.printf("\"HH:MM:SS\"格式（24时制）: %tT%n", date);
+        System.out.printf("\"HH:MM\"格式（24时制）: %tR%n", date);
+
+        // 用一个格式化字符串指出要被格式化的参数的索引, 索引必须紧跟在%后面，而且必须以$结束
+        System.out.printf("%1$s %2$tB %2$td, %2$tY%n", "Due date:", date);
+        // 使用 < 标志, 它表明先前被格式化的参数要被再次使用
+        System.out.printf("%s %tB %<te, %<tY%n", "Due date:", date);
+    }
+
+    public static void Date_stringFormat() {
+        Date date = new Date();
+        //b的使用，月份简称
+        String str = String.format(Locale.US, "英文月份简称b：%tb", date);
+        System.out.println(str);
+        System.out.printf("本地月份简称b：%tb%n", date);
+        //B的使用，月份全称
+        str = String.format(Locale.US, "英文月份全称B：%tB", date);
+        System.out.println(str);
+        System.out.printf("本地月份全称B：%tB%n", date);
+        //a的使用，星期简称
+        str = String.format(Locale.US, "英文星期的简称a：%ta", date);
+        System.out.println(str);
+        //A的使用，星期全称
+        System.out.printf("本地星期的全称A：%tA%n", date);
+        //C的使用，年前两位
+        System.out.printf("年的前两位数字（不足两位前面补0）C：%tC%n", date);
+        //y的使用，年后两位
+        System.out.printf("年的后两位数字（不足两位前面补0）y：%ty%n", date);
+        //j的使用，一年的天数
+        System.out.printf("一年中的天数（即年的第几天）j：%tj%n", date);
+        //m的使用，月份
+        System.out.printf("两位数字的月份（不足两位前面补0）m：%tm%n", date);
+        //d的使用，日（二位，不够补零）
+        System.out.printf("两位数字的日（不足两位前面补0）d：%td%n", date);
+        //e的使用，日（一位不补零）
+        System.out.printf("月份的日（前面不补0）e：%te%n", date);
+    }
+
+    public static void Thread_sleep() throws InterruptedException {
+        System.out.println("Current: " + new Date());
+        Thread.sleep(3000);
+        System.out.println("Thread.sleep(3000): " + new Date());
+
+    }
+
+    public static void System_currentTimeMillis() throws InterruptedException {
+        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        System.out.println(new Date());
+        Thread.sleep(3000);
+        System.out.println(new Date());
+        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        long duration = end - start;
+        System.out.println("Duration: " + duration);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException, InterruptedException {
+        Date_date();
+        Date_getTime();
+        Date_SimpleDateFormat();
+        Date_printf();
+        Date_stringFormat();
+        Thread_sleep();
+        System_currentTimeMillis();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Encapsulations.java b/src/tutorial/Encapsulations.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1141405
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Encapsulations.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 29/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Encapsulations {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Person person = new Person();
+        person.setAge(20);
+        person.setName("Alice");
+        System.out.printf("I am %s and %d years old.", person.getName(), person.getAge());
+    }
+}
+
+class Person {
+    /* 将 name 和 age 属性设置为私有的，只能本类才能访问，其他类都访问不了，如此就对信息进行了隐藏。
+     */
+    private String name;
+    private int age;
+
+    /* 公共方法访问，也就是创建一对赋取值方法，用于对私有属性的访问
+    public方法是外部类访问该类成员变量的入口
+     */
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    public void setName(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
+    public void setAge(int age) {
+        this.age = age;
+    }
+
+    public int getAge() {
+        return age;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Exceptions.java b/src/tutorial/Exceptions.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9fc25a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Exceptions.java
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+import java.io.*;
+import java.rmi.RemoteException;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 28/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Exceptions {
+    public static void Exception_Single_catch() {
+        int[] num = new int[2];
+        try {
+            System.out.println(num[5]);
+        } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            System.out.println(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void Exception_Multi_catch() {
+        String path = System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator + "failCount.properties";
+
+        try {
+            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(path);
+            InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(fis, "UTF-8");
+            int x = reader.read();
+            System.out.println(x);
+        } catch (FileNotFoundException f) {
+            f.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void Exception_throw() {
+        try {
+            throw new RemoteException();
+        } catch (RemoteException r) {
+            System.out.println("RemoteException happened: ");
+            r.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void Exception_finally() {
+        int[] nums = new int[2];
+        try {
+            System.out.println(nums[5]);
+        } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+            System.out.println("IndexOutOfBoundsException->> " + e);
+        } finally {
+            System.out.println("Finally block is executed.");
+        }
+    }
+
+    static double balance = 100;
+
+    public static void withdraw(double amount) throws InsufficientFundsException {
+        if (amount <= balance) {
+            balance -= amount;
+        } else {
+            double deficiency = amount - balance;
+            throw new InsufficientFundsException(deficiency);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void Exception_InsufficientFundsException() {
+        try {
+            withdraw(500);
+        } catch (InsufficientFundsException e) {
+            System.out.println("Sorry, but you are short $"
+                    + e.getDeficiency());
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Exception_Single_catch();
+        Exception_Multi_catch();
+        Exception_throw();
+        Exception_finally();
+        Exception_InsufficientFundsException();
+    }
+}
+
+class InsufficientFundsException extends Exception {
+    private double deficiency;
+
+    public InsufficientFundsException(double deficiency) {
+        this.deficiency = deficiency;
+    }
+
+    public double getDeficiency() {
+        return deficiency;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Extends.java b/src/tutorial/Extends.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b6519b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Extends.java
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 29/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Extends {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Penguin pen = new Penguin();
+        Penguin penguin = new Penguin("James", 7);
+        penguin.introduction();
+
+        SubClass subClass1 = new SubClass();
+        SubClass subClass2 = new SubClass(100);
+
+    }
+}
+
+
+class Animals {
+    private String name;
+    private int id;
+
+    Animals() {
+        System.out.println("Super constructor without args");
+    }
+
+    Animals(String myName, int myId) {
+        name = myName;
+        id = myId;
+    }
+
+    public void eat() {
+        System.out.println(name + "正在吃");
+    }
+
+    public void sleep() {
+        System.out.println(name + "正在睡");
+    }
+
+    public void introduction() {
+        System.out.println("大家好！我是" + id + "号" + name + ".");
+    }
+}
+
+
+class Penguin extends Animals {
+    // 如果父类有无参构造器，则在子类的构造器中用super调用父类构造器不是必须的，如果没有使用super关键字，系统会自动调用父类的无参构造器。
+    Penguin() {
+        // super();
+    }
+
+    // 父类的构造器带有参数的，则必须在子类的构造器中显式地通过super关键字调用父类的构造器并配以适当的参数列表
+    Penguin(String name, int id) {
+        super(name, id);
+    }
+
+    public void introduction() {
+        super.introduction();
+    }
+}
+
+class SuperClass {
+    int n = 1;
+
+    public SuperClass() {
+        System.out.println("SuperClass constructor without args");
+    }
+
+    public SuperClass(int n) {
+        System.out.println("SuperClass constructor with args: " + n);
+        this.n = n;
+    }
+}
+
+class SubClass extends SuperClass {
+    public SubClass() {
+        super(300);
+        System.out.println("SubClass constructor without args");
+    }
+
+    public SubClass(int n) {
+        // super();  // 如果父类有无参构造器，则在子类的构造器中用super调用父类构造器不是必须的，如果没有使用super关键字，系统会自动调用父类的无参构造器。
+        this();  // 调用当前类的构造方法
+        System.out.println("SubClass constructor with args: " + n);
+
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/tutorial/HelloWorld.java b/src/tutorial/HelloWorld.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4337809
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/HelloWorld.java
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 25/06/2017.
+ */
+public class HelloWorld {
+    /* 这是第一个Java程序
+      它将打印Hello World
+      这是一个多行注释的示例
+    */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        System.out.println("Hello World.");
+        FreshJuice juice = new FreshJuice("OrangeJuice");
+        juice.size = FreshJuice.FreshJuiceSize.MEDIUM;
+
+    }
+
+}
+
+class FreshJuice {
+    // 注意：枚举可以单独声明或者声明在类里面。方法、变量、构造函数也可以在枚举中定义
+    enum FreshJuiceSize {
+        SMALL, MEDIUM, LARGE
+    }
+
+    FreshJuiceSize size;
+
+    // 显式地为类定义构造方法
+    public FreshJuice(String name) {
+        System.out.println("The juice name is: " + name);
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/src/tutorial/IO.java b/src/tutorial/IO.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15da412
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/IO.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 28/06/2017.
+ */
+public class IO {
+    public static void IO_BufferedReader() throws IOException {
+        // 把 System.in 包装在一个 BufferedReader 对象中来创建一个字符流
+        char c;
+        String s;
+        // InputStreamReader：是字节流通往字符流的桥梁，使用指定的charset读取字节并解码成字符
+        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
+        System.out.println("Input character, 'q' to exit");
+        // 使用 BufferedReader 在控制台读取字符
+        do {
+            c = (char) reader.read();
+            System.out.println(c);
+        } while (c != 'q');
+
+        System.out.println("Enter lines of text.");
+        System.out.println("Enter 'end' to quit.");
+        do {
+            s = reader.readLine();
+            System.out.println(s);
+        } while (!s.equals("end"));
+    }
+
+    public static void IO_write() {
+        int b;
+        b = 'A';
+        // write() 方法不经常使用，因为 print() 和 println() 方法用起来更为方便
+        System.out.write(b);
+        System.out.write('\n');
+
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
+        IO_BufferedReader();
+        IO_write();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/IfElseSwitch.java b/src/tutorial/IfElseSwitch.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d07d2b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/IfElseSwitch.java
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 25/06/2017.
+ */
+public class IfElseSwitch {
+    public static void test_if_else() {
+        int x = 10;
+        if (x < 10) {
+            System.out.println("x is a low number");
+        } else if (x > 10 && x < 50) {
+            System.out.println("x is a medium number");
+        } else if (x > 50 && x < 100) {
+            System.out.println("x is a high number");
+        } else {
+            System.out.println("x is out of range");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void test_switch() {
+        String grade = "B";
+        switch (grade) {
+            case "A":
+                System.out.println("Excellent grade");
+                break;
+            case "B":
+                System.out.println("Good grade");
+                break;
+            case "C":
+                System.out.println("Mediocre grade");
+                break;
+            default:
+                System.out.println("It's not good");
+
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        test_if_else();
+        test_switch();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Interfaces.java b/src/tutorial/Interfaces.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4faa465
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Interfaces.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import animals.MammalInt;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 30/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Interfaces {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MammalInt m = new MammalInt();
+        m.eat();
+        m.travel();
+    }
+
+}
+
+interface AnimalInterface {
+    /*接口是隐式抽象的，当声明一个接口的时候，不必使用abstract关键字。
+    接口中每一个方法也是隐式抽象的，声明时同样不需要abstract关键子。
+    接口中的方法都是公有的。
+     */
+    void eat();
+
+    void travel();
+
+}
+
+interface Sports {
+    void setHomeTeam(String name);
+
+    void setVisitingTeam(String name);
+}
+
+/* 实现Football接口的类需要实现五个方法，其中两个来自于Sports接口 */
+interface Football extends Sports {
+    void homeTeamScored(int points);
+
+    void visitingTeamScored(int points);
+
+    void endOfQuarter(int quarter);
+}
+
+/* Hockey接口自己声明了四个方法，从Sports接口继承了两个方法，这样，实现Hockey接口的类需要实现六个方法 */
+interface Hockey extends Sports {
+    void homeGoalScored();
+
+    void visitingGoalScored();
+
+    void endOfPeriod(int period);
+
+    void overtimePeriod(int ot);
+}
+
+/* 标记接口主要用于以下两种目的：
+1. 建立一个公共的父接口：
+正如EventListener接口，这是由几十个其他接口扩展的Java API，你可以使用一个标记接口来建立一组接口的父接口。
+例如：当一个接口继承了EventListener接口，Java虚拟机(JVM)就知道该接口将要被用于一个事件的代理方案。
+2. 向一个类添加数据类型：
+这种情况是标记接口最初的目的，实现标记接口的类不需要定义任何接口方法(因为标记接口根本就没有方法)，但是该类通过多态性变成一个接口类型。*/
+interface FlagInterface {
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Loops.java b/src/tutorial/Loops.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33793d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Loops.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 25/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Loops {
+    public static void test_while() {
+        System.out.println("*****while*****");
+        int x = 1;
+        while (x < 10) {
+            System.out.println("x in while: " + x);
+            x++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void test_do_while() {
+        System.out.println("*****do while*****");
+        int x = 10;
+        do {
+            System.out.println("x in do while: " + x);
+            x++;
+        } while (x < 10);
+    }
+
+    public static void test_for() {
+        System.out.println("*****for*****");
+        for (int x = 10; x < 20; x++) {
+            System.out.println("x in for: " + x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void test_enhanced_for() {
+        System.out.println("*****enhanced for*****");
+        int[] numbers = {20, 21, 22, 23, 24};
+        for (int x : numbers) {
+            System.out.println("x in enhanced for: " + x);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void test_break() {
+        System.out.println("*****break*****");
+        int[] numbers = {25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30};
+        for (int x : numbers) {
+            if (x == 27) {
+                break;
+            }
+            System.out.println("x in break: " + x);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static void test_continue() {
+        System.out.println("*****continue*****");
+        int[] numbers = {31, 32, 33, 34, 35};
+        for (int x : numbers) {
+            if (x == 33) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            System.out.println("x in continue: " + x);
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void test_nested_for() {
+        System.out.println("*****nested for*****");
+        for (int x = 1; x <= 9; x++) {
+            for (int y = 1; y <= 9; y++) {
+                System.out.print(x + "x" + y + "=" + x * y + "\t");
+            }
+            System.out.println();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        test_while();
+        test_do_while();
+        test_for();
+        test_enhanced_for();
+        test_break();
+        test_continue();
+        test_nested_for();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Methods.java b/src/tutorial/Methods.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..559ec1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Methods.java
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 28/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Methods {
+    public static void swap(int i, int j) {
+        System.out.printf("Before swap: i=%d, j=%d%n", i, j);
+        int tmp = i;
+        i = j;
+        j = tmp;
+        System.out.printf("After swap: i=%d, j=%d%n", i, j);
+    }
+
+    public static float max(float i, float j) {
+        return Math.max(i, j);
+    }
+
+    public static void printMax(double... x) {
+        if (x.length == 0) {
+            System.out.println("No argument...");
+            return;
+        }
+        double result = x[0];
+        for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
+            if (x[i] > result) {
+                result = x[i];
+            }
+        }
+        System.out.printf("PrintMax: " + result);
+    }
+
+    public static void Method_swap() {
+        int x = 10;
+        int y = 20;
+        swap(x, y);
+        System.out.printf("x=%d, y=%d%n", x, y);  // 方法被调用后，实参的值并没有改变
+    }
+
+    public static void Method_max() {
+        float f = max(8.0f, 9.1f);
+        System.out.printf("Max float: %f%n", f);
+    }
+
+    public static void Method_printMax() {
+        printMax();
+        printMax(9.12, 10.34, 1.34, 3.13);
+    }
+
+    // finalize( )在对象被垃圾收集器析构(回收)之前调用，它用来清除回收对象
+    protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
+        super.finalize();
+        System.out.println("Everything is disposed.");
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Method_swap();
+        Method_max();
+        Method_printMax();
+
+        System.gc();  //调用Java垃圾收集器
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/ModifierTest.java b/src/tutorial/ModifierTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54359af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/ModifierTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 25/06/2017.
+ */
+public class ModifierTest {
+    /*
+    默认的，也称为 default，在同一包内可见，不使用任何修饰符。
+    私有的，以 private 修饰符指定，在同一类内可见。
+    共有的，以 public 修饰符指定，对所有类可见。
+    受保护的，以 protected 修饰符指定，对同一包内的类和所有子类可见。
+    */
+    private static int numInstance = 0;
+
+    protected static int getCount() {
+        return numInstance;
+    }
+
+    protected static void addInstance() {
+        numInstance++;
+    }
+
+    public ModifierTest() {
+        ModifierTest.addInstance();
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.out.println("Starting with: " + ModifierTest.getCount());
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
+            ModifierTest test = new ModifierTest();
+
+        }
+        System.out.println("Created: " + numInstance + " instances");
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Numbers.java b/src/tutorial/Numbers.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..907defe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Numbers.java
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+import java.util.Random;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 25/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Numbers {
+    public static void test_numbers() {
+        // 当 x 被赋为整型值时，由于x是一个对象，所以编译器要对x进行装箱。然后，为了使x能进行加运算，所以要对x进行拆箱
+        System.out.println("*****number*****");
+        Integer x = 5;
+        x++;
+        System.out.println(x);
+
+    }
+
+    public static void test_valueOf() {
+        // valueOf() 方法用于返回给定参数的原生 Number 对象值，参数可以是原生数据类型, String等
+        System.out.println("*****valueOf(装箱)*****");
+        Integer x = Integer.valueOf(9);
+        Double c = Double.valueOf(5);
+        Float f = Float.valueOf("80");
+        Integer b = Integer.valueOf("444", 16);   // 使用 16 进制
+        System.out.println(x);
+        System.out.println(c);
+        System.out.println(f);
+        System.out.println(b);
+    }
+
+    public static void test_xxxValue() {
+        // xxxValue() 方法用于将 Number 对象转换为 xxx 数据类型的值并返回
+        System.out.println("*****xxxValue(拆箱)*****");
+        Integer x = 5;
+        // 返回 byte 原生数据类型
+        System.out.println("byteValue: " + x.byteValue());
+
+        // 返回 double 原生数据类型
+        System.out.println("doubleValue: " + x.doubleValue());
+
+        // 返回 long 原生数据类型
+        System.out.println("longValue: " + x.longValue());
+    }
+
+    public static void test_compareTo() {
+        System.out.println("*****compareTo*****");
+        Integer x = 5;
+        System.out.println("5 compared to 3: " + x.compareTo(3));
+        System.out.println("5 compared to 8: " + x.compareTo(8));
+        System.out.println("5 compared to 5: " + x.compareTo(5));
+    }
+
+    public static void test_equals() {
+        /**
+         注意 == 与 equals的区别
+         == 它比较的是对象的地址
+         equals 比较的是对象的内容
+         */
+        System.out.println("*****equals*****");
+        Integer x = 5;
+        Integer y = 10;
+        Integer z = 5;
+        short s = 5;
+        System.out.println("Integer 5 equals Integer 10: " + x.equals(y));
+        System.out.println("Integer 5 equals Integer 5: " + x.equals(z));
+        System.out.println("Integer 5 equals short 5: " + x.equals(s));
+    }
+
+    public static void test_toString() {
+        System.out.println("*****toString*****");
+        Integer x = 5;
+        System.out.println("5 toString: " + x.toString());
+        System.out.println("Integer.toString(8): " + Integer.toString(8));
+
+    }
+
+    public static void test_parseInt() {
+        // parseInt() 方法用于将字符串参数作为有符号的十进制整数进行解析。
+        System.out.println("*****parseInt*****");
+        System.out.println("Integer.parseInt('19'): " + Integer.parseInt("19"));
+        System.out.println("Double.parseDouble('29'): " + Double.parseDouble("29"));
+        System.out.println("Integer.parseInt('444', 16): " + Integer.parseInt("444", 16));
+    }
+
+    public static void test_math() {
+        // Math 的方法都被定义为 static 形式，通过 Math 类可以在主函数中直接调用
+        System.out.println("*****math*****");
+        System.out.println("90 度的正弦值：" + Math.sin(Math.PI / 2));
+        System.out.println("0度的余弦值：" + Math.cos(0));
+        System.out.println("60度的正切值：" + Math.tan(Math.PI / 3));
+        System.out.println("1的反正切值： " + Math.atan(1));
+        System.out.println("π/2的角度值：" + Math.toDegrees(Math.PI / 2));
+        System.out.println(Math.PI);
+    }
+
+    public static void test_abs() {
+        System.out.println("*****abs*****");
+        Integer x = -4;
+        Float y = -1f;
+        Double z = -2d;
+        System.out.println("Math.abs(-4): " + Math.abs(x));
+        System.out.println("Math.abs(-1f): " + Math.abs(y));
+        System.out.println("Math.abs(-2d): " + Math.abs(z));
+    }
+
+    public static void test_ceil_floor_rint() {
+        System.out.println("*****ceil*****");
+        System.out.println("Math.ceil(100.675): " + Math.ceil(100.675));
+        System.out.println("Math.ceil(-90.1): " + Math.ceil(-90.1));
+        System.out.println("Math.floor(100.675)" + Math.floor(100.675));
+        System.out.println("Math.floor(-90.1)" + Math.floor(-90.1));
+        // 返回与参数最接近的整数。返回类型为double
+        System.out.println("Math.rint(100.675): " + Math.rint(100.675));
+        System.out.println("Math.rint(100.5): " + Math.rint(100.5));
+        System.out.println("Math.rint(100.200): " + Math.rint(100.200));
+        // 返回一个最接近的int、long型值
+        System.out.println("Math.round(100.675): " + Math.round(100.675));
+        System.out.println("Math.round(100.5): " + Math.round(100.5));
+        System.out.println("Math.round(100.200): " + Math.round(100.200));
+
+        System.out.println("Math.min(12.123, 12.456): " + Math.min(12.123, 12.456));
+        System.out.println("Math.min(11, 12): " + Math.min(11, 12));
+        System.out.println("Math.max(12.123, 12.456): " + Math.max(12.123, 12.456));
+        System.out.println("Math.max(11, 12): " + Math.max(11, 12));
+
+        double x = 11.635;
+        double y = 2.76;
+        System.out.printf("Math.E: %.4f%n", Math.E);
+        System.out.printf("Math.pow(%.3f, %.3f): %.3f%n", x, y, Math.pow(x, y));
+
+        System.out.printf("Math.random(): %.3f%n", Math.random());
+        Random random = new Random();
+        System.out.println("Random 0~99: " + random.nextInt(100));
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        test_numbers();
+        test_math();
+        test_xxxValue();
+        test_compareTo();
+        test_equals();
+        test_valueOf();
+        test_toString();
+        test_parseInt();
+        test_abs();
+        test_ceil_floor_rint();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Operators.java b/src/tutorial/Operators.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a87fc21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Operators.java
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 25/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Operators {
+
+    public static void test_math() {
+        int a = 10;
+        int b = 20;
+        int c = 25;
+        int d = 25;
+        System.out.println("*****算术运算*****");
+        System.out.println("10 + 20 = " + (a + b));
+        System.out.println("10 - 20 = " + (a - b));
+        System.out.println("10 * 20 = " + (a * b));
+        System.out.println("20 / 10 = " + (b / a));
+        System.out.println("20 % 10 = " + (b % a));
+        System.out.println("25 % 10 = " + (c % a));
+        System.out.println("10++   = " + (a++));
+        System.out.println("10--   = " + (a--));
+        // 查看  d++ 与 ++d 的不同
+        System.out.println("25++   = " + (d++));
+        System.out.println("++25   = " + (++d));
+    }
+
+    public static void test_relation() {
+        int a = 10;
+        int b = 20;
+        System.out.println("*****关系运算*****");
+        System.out.println("10 == 20 = " + (a == b));
+        System.out.println("10 != 20 = " + (a != b));
+        System.out.println("10 > 20 = " + (a > b));
+        System.out.println("10 < 20 = " + (a < b));
+        System.out.println("20 >= 10 = " + (b >= a));
+        System.out.println("20 <= 10 = " + (b <= a));
+    }
+
+    public static void test_bitwise() {
+        System.out.println("*****位运算*****");
+        int a = 60; /* 60 = 0011 1100 */
+        int b = 13; /* 13 = 0000 1101 */
+        int c;
+        c = a & b;       /* 12 = 0000 1100 */
+        System.out.println("60 & 13 = " + c);
+
+        c = a | b;       /* 61 = 0011 1101 */
+        System.out.println("60 | 13 = " + c);
+
+        c = a ^ b;       /* 49 = 0011 0001 */
+        System.out.println("60 ^ 13 = " + c);
+
+        c = ~a;          /*-61 = 1100 0011 */
+        System.out.println("~60 = " + c);
+
+        c = a << 2;     /* 240 = 1111 0000 */
+        System.out.println("a << 2 = " + c);
+
+        c = a >> 2;     /* 15 = 1111 */
+        System.out.println("a >> 2  = " + c);
+
+        c = a >>> 2;     /* 15 = 0000 1111 */
+        System.out.println("a >>> 2 = " + c);
+    }
+
+    public static void test_logic() {
+        System.out.println("*****逻辑运算*****");
+        boolean a = true;
+        boolean b = false;
+        System.out.println("true && false: " + (a && b));
+        System.out.println("true || false: " + (a || b));
+        System.out.println("!(true && false): " + !(a && b));
+    }
+
+    public static void test_assign() {
+        System.out.println("*****赋值运算*****");
+        int a = 10;
+        int b = 20;
+        int c = 0;
+        c = a + b;
+        System.out.println("c = a + b = " + c);
+        c += a;
+        System.out.println("c += a  = " + c);
+        c -= a;
+        System.out.println("c -= a = " + c);
+        c *= a;
+        System.out.println("c *= a = " + c);
+        a = 10;
+        c = 15;
+        c /= a;
+        System.out.println("c /= a = " + c);
+        a = 10;
+        c = 15;
+        c %= a;
+        System.out.println("c %= a  = " + c);
+        // 左移位赋值运算符, 相当与乘以2的2次方
+        c <<= 2;
+        System.out.println("c <<= 2 = " + c);
+        // 右移位赋值运算符, 相当与除以2的2次方
+        c >>= 2;
+        System.out.println("c >>= 2 = " + c);
+        c >>= 2;
+        System.out.println("c >>= a = " + c);
+        c &= a;
+        System.out.println("c &= 2  = " + c);
+        c ^= a;
+        System.out.println("c ^= a   = " + c);
+        c |= a;
+        System.out.println("c |= a   = " + c);
+    }
+
+    public static void test_condition() {
+        System.out.println("*****条件运算*****");
+        int a = 10;
+        int b = 0;
+        b = (a >= 10) ? 20 : 10;
+        System.out.println(b);
+    }
+
+    public static void test_instanceof() {
+    /* 该运算符用于操作对象实例，检查该对象是否是一个特定类型（类类型或接口类型）*/
+        System.out.println("*****instanceof运算*****");
+        String name = "James";
+        System.out.println(name instanceof String);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String args[]) {
+        test_math();
+        test_relation();
+        test_bitwise();
+        test_logic();
+        test_assign();
+        test_condition();
+        test_instanceof();
+    }
+}
+
+
diff --git a/src/tutorial/OverrideOverload.java b/src/tutorial/OverrideOverload.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee1301b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/OverrideOverload.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 29/06/2017.
+ */
+public class OverrideOverload {
+    /*
+    方法的重写(Overriding)和重载(Overloading)是java多态性的不同表现，
+    重写是父类与子类之间多态性的一种表现，重载可以理解成多态的具体表现形式。
+    */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Animal animal = new Animal();
+        Dog dog = new Dog();
+        animal.move();
+        dog.move();
+        dog.bark();
+        dog.bark("woof!");
+    }
+
+}
+
+class Animal {
+    /* 子类和父类在同一个包中，那么子类可以重写父类所有方法，除了声明为private和final的方法。
+       子类和父类不在同一个包中，那么子类只能够重写父类的声明为public和protected的非final方法。
+     */
+    public void move() {
+        System.out.println("Animal.move()");
+    }
+}
+
+class Dog extends Animal {
+    /* 重写(override)规则
+    参数列表必须完全与被重写方法的相同；
+    返回类型必须完全与被重写方法的返回类型相同；
+    访问权限不能比父类中被重写的方法的访问权限更低。例如：如果父类的一个方法被声明为public，那么在子类中重写该方法就不能声明为protected。
+    父类的成员方法只能被它的子类重写。
+    声明为final的方法不能被重写。
+    声明为static的方法不能被重写，但是能够被再次声明。
+    子类和父类在同一个包中，那么子类可以重写父类所有方法，除了声明为private和final的方法。
+    子类和父类不在同一个包中，那么子类只能够重写父类的声明为public和protected的非final方法。
+    重写的方法能够抛出任何非强制异常，无论被重写的方法是否抛出异常。但是，重写的方法不能抛出新的强制性异常，或者比被重写方法声明的更广泛的强制性异常，反之则可以。
+    构造方法不能被重写。
+    如果不能继承一个方法，则不能重写这个方法。
+    */
+    public void move() {
+        super.move();
+        System.out.println("Dog.move()");
+    }
+
+    public void bark() {
+        System.out.println("Dog.bark()");
+    }
+
+    /* 重载(overloading)规则
+    被重载的方法必须改变参数列表(参数个数或类型或顺序不一样)；
+    被重载的方法可以改变返回类型；
+    被重载的方法可以改变访问修饰符；
+    被重载的方法可以声明新的或更广的检查异常；
+    方法能够在同一个类中或者在一个子类中被重载。
+    无法以返回值类型作为重载函数的区分标准。
+    */
+    public void bark(String s) {
+        System.out.println(s);
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/tutorial/PrimitiveTypeTest.java b/src/tutorial/PrimitiveTypeTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3eb882
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/PrimitiveTypeTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 25/06/2017.
+ */
+public class PrimitiveTypeTest {
+    /*
+    数值类型的基本类型的取值范围, 都已经以常量的形式定义在对应的包装类中了
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // byte
+        System.out.println("基本类型：byte 二进制位数：" + Byte.SIZE);
+        System.out.println("包装类：java.lang.Byte");
+        System.out.println("最小值：Byte.MIN_VALUE=" + Byte.MIN_VALUE);
+        System.out.println("最大值：Byte.MAX_VALUE=" + Byte.MAX_VALUE);
+        System.out.println();
+
+        // short
+        System.out.println("基本类型：short 二进制位数：" + Short.SIZE);
+        System.out.println("包装类：java.lang.Short");
+        System.out.println("最小值：Short.MIN_VALUE=" + Short.MIN_VALUE);
+        System.out.println("最大值：Short.MAX_VALUE=" + Short.MAX_VALUE);
+        System.out.println();
+
+        // int
+        System.out.println("基本类型：int 二进制位数：" + Integer.SIZE);
+        System.out.println("包装类：java.lang.Integer");
+        System.out.println("最小值：Integer.MIN_VALUE=" + Integer.MIN_VALUE);
+        System.out.println("最大值：Integer.MAX_VALUE=" + Integer.MAX_VALUE);
+        System.out.println();
+
+        // long
+        System.out.println("基本类型：long 二进制位数：" + Long.SIZE);
+        System.out.println("包装类：java.lang.Long");
+        System.out.println("最小值：Long.MIN_VALUE=" + Long.MIN_VALUE);
+        System.out.println("最大值：Long.MAX_VALUE=" + Long.MAX_VALUE);
+        System.out.println();
+
+        // float
+        System.out.println("基本类型：float 二进制位数：" + Float.SIZE);
+        System.out.println("包装类：java.lang.Float");
+        System.out.println("最小值：Float.MIN_VALUE=" + Float.MIN_VALUE);
+        System.out.println("最大值：Float.MAX_VALUE=" + Float.MAX_VALUE);
+        System.out.println();
+
+        // double
+        System.out.println("基本类型：double 二进制位数：" + Double.SIZE);
+        System.out.println("包装类：java.lang.Double");
+        System.out.println("最小值：Double.MIN_VALUE=" + Double.MIN_VALUE);
+        System.out.println("最大值：Double.MAX_VALUE=" + Double.MAX_VALUE);
+        System.out.println();
+
+        // char
+        System.out.println("基本类型：char 二进制位数：" + Character.SIZE);
+        System.out.println("包装类：java.lang.Character");
+        // 以数值形式而不是字符形式将Character.MIN_VALUE输出到控制台
+        System.out.println("最小值：Character.MIN_VALUE="
+                + (int) Character.MIN_VALUE);
+        // 以数值形式而不是字符形式将Character.MAX_VALUE输出到控制台
+        System.out.println("最大值：Character.MAX_VALUE="
+                + (int) Character.MAX_VALUE);
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Puppy.java b/src/tutorial/Puppy.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1e2d69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Puppy.java
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 25/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Puppy {
+    int age;
+
+    public Puppy(String name) {
+        System.out.println("My name is " + name);
+    }
+
+    public int getAge() {
+        System.out.println("Puppy is " + age + " years old.");
+        return age;
+    }
+
+    public void setAge(int age) {
+        this.age = age;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String []args) {
+        Puppy puppy = new Puppy("Tommy");
+        puppy.setAge(5);
+        puppy.getAge();
+        puppy.age = 10;
+        System.out.println("Puppy is " + puppy.age + " years old.");
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Regexes.java b/src/tutorial/Regexes.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ce6d44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Regexes.java
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 28/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Regexes {
+    /* 正则表达式语法:
+        \  将下一字符标记为特殊字符、文本、反向引用或八进制转义符。例如，"n"匹配字符"n"。"\n"匹配换行符。序列"\\"匹配"\"，"\("匹配"("。
+        ^  匹配输入字符串开始的位置。如果设置了 RegExp 对象的 Multiline 属性，^ 还会与"\n"或"\r"之后的位置匹配。
+        $  匹配输入字符串结尾的位置。如果设置了 RegExp 对象的 Multiline 属性，$ 还会与"\n"或"\r"之前的位置匹配。
+        *  零次或多次匹配前面的字符或子表达式。例如，zo* 匹配"z"和"zoo"。* 等效于 {0,}。
+        +  一次或多次匹配前面的字符或子表达式。例如，"zo+"与"zo"和"zoo"匹配，但与"z"不匹配。+ 等效于 {1,}。
+        ?  零次或一次匹配前面的字符或子表达式。例如，"do(es)?"匹配"do"或"does"中的"do"。? 等效于 {0,1}。
+        {n}  n 是非负整数。正好匹配 n 次。例如，"o{2}"与"Bob"中的"o"不匹配，但与"food"中的两个"o"匹配。
+        {n,}  n 是非负整数。至少匹配 n 次。例如，"o{2,}"不匹配"Bob"中的"o"，而匹配"foooood"中的所有 o。"o{1,}"等效于"o+"。"o{0,}"等效于"o*"。
+        {n,m}  M 和 n 是非负整数，其中 n <= m。匹配至少 n 次，至多 m 次。例如，"o{1,3}"匹配"fooooood"中的头三个 o。'o{0,1}' 等效于 'o?'。注意：您不能将空格插入逗号和数字之间。
+        ?  当此字符紧随任何其他限定符（*、+、?、{n}、{n,}、{n,m}）之后时，匹配模式是"非贪心的"。"非贪心的"模式匹配搜索到的、尽可能短的字符串，而默认的"贪心的"模式匹配搜索到的、尽可能长的字符串。例如，在字符串"oooo"中，"o+?"只匹配单个"o"，而"o+"匹配所有"o"。
+        .  匹配除"\r\n"之外的任何单个字符。若要匹配包括"\r\n"在内的任意字符，请使用诸如"[\s\S]"之类的模式。
+        (pattern)  匹配 pattern 并捕获该匹配的子表达式。可以使用 $0…$9 属性从结果"匹配"集合中检索捕获的匹配。若要匹配括号字符 ( )，请使用"\("或者"\)"。
+        (?:pattern)  匹配 pattern 但不捕获该匹配的子表达式，即它是一个非捕获匹配，不存储供以后使用的匹配。这对于用"or"字符 (|) 组合模式部件的情况很有用。例如，'industr(?:y|ies) 是比 'industry|industries' 更经济的表达式。
+        (?=pattern)  执行正向预测先行搜索的子表达式，该表达式匹配处于匹配 pattern 的字符串的起始点的字符串。它是一个非捕获匹配，即不能捕获供以后使用的匹配。例如，'Windows (?=95|98|NT|2000)' 匹配"Windows 2000"中的"Windows"，但不匹配"Windows 3.1"中的"Windows"。预测先行不占用字符，即发生匹配后，下一匹配的搜索紧随上一匹配之后，而不是在组成预测先行的字符后。
+        (?!pattern)  执行反向预测先行搜索的子表达式，该表达式匹配不处于匹配 pattern 的字符串的起始点的搜索字符串。它是一个非捕获匹配，即不能捕获供以后使用的匹配。例如，'Windows (?!95|98|NT|2000)' 匹配"Windows 3.1"中的 "Windows"，但不匹配"Windows 2000"中的"Windows"。预测先行不占用字符，即发生匹配后，下一匹配的搜索紧随上一匹配之后，而不是在组成预测先行的字符后。
+        x|y  匹配 x 或 y。例如，'z|food' 匹配"z"或"food"。'(z|f)ood' 匹配"zood"或"food"。
+        [xyz]  字符集。匹配包含的任一字符。例如，"[abc]"匹配"plain"中的"a"。
+        [^xyz]  反向字符集。匹配未包含的任何字符。例如，"[^abc]"匹配"plain"中"p"，"l"，"i"，"n"。
+        [a-z]  字符范围。匹配指定范围内的任何字符。例如，"[a-z]"匹配"a"到"z"范围内的任何小写字母。
+        [^a-z]  反向范围字符。匹配不在指定的范围内的任何字符。例如，"[^a-z]"匹配任何不在"a"到"z"范围内的任何字符。
+        \b  匹配一个字边界，即字与空格间的位置。例如，"er\b"匹配"never"中的"er"，但不匹配"verb"中的"er"。
+        \B  非字边界匹配。"er\B"匹配"verb"中的"er"，但不匹配"never"中的"er"。
+        \cx  匹配 x 指示的控制字符。例如，\cM 匹配 Control-M 或回车符。x 的值必须在 A-Z 或 a-z 之间。如果不是这样，则假定 c 就是"c"字符本身。
+        \d  数字字符匹配。等效于 [0-9]。
+        \D  非数字字符匹配。等效于 [^0-9]。
+        \f  换页符匹配。等效于 \x0c 和 \cL。
+        \n  换行符匹配。等效于 \x0a 和 \cJ。
+        \r  匹配一个回车符。等效于 \x0d 和 \cM。
+        \s  匹配任何空白字符，包括空格、制表符、换页符等。与 [ \f\n\r\t\v] 等效。
+        \S  匹配任何非空白字符。与 [^ \f\n\r\t\v] 等效。
+        \t  制表符匹配。与 \x09 和 \cI 等效。
+        \v  垂直制表符匹配。与 \x0b 和 \cK 等效。
+        \w  匹配任何字类字符，包括下划线。与"[A-Za-z0-9_]"等效。
+        \W  与任何非单词字符匹配。与"[^A-Za-z0-9_]"等效。
+        \xn  匹配 n，此处的 n 是一个十六进制转义码。十六进制转义码必须正好是两位数长。例如，"\x41"匹配"A"。"\x041"与"\x04"&"1"等效。允许在正则表达式中使用 ASCII 代码。
+        \num  匹配 num，此处的 num 是一个正整数。到捕获匹配的反向引用。例如，"(.)\1"匹配两个连续的相同字符。
+        \n  标识一个八进制转义码或反向引用。如果 \n 前面至少有 n 个捕获子表达式，那么 n 是反向引用。否则，如果 n 是八进制数 (0-7)，那么 n 是八进制转义码。
+        \nm  标识一个八进制转义码或反向引用。如果 \nm 前面至少有 nm 个捕获子表达式，那么 nm 是反向引用。如果 \nm 前面至少有 n 个捕获，则 n 是反向引用，后面跟有字符 m。如果两种前面的情况都不存在，则 \nm 匹配八进制值 nm，其中 n 和 m 是八进制数字 (0-7)。
+        \nml  当 n 是八进制数 (0-3)，m 和 l 是八进制数 (0-7) 时，匹配八进制转义码 nml
+    */
+
+    public static void Regex_Pattern_matches() {
+        String content = "www.google.com";
+        String pattern = "^w.*google.*";
+        boolean isMatch = Pattern.matches(pattern, content);
+        System.out.printf("'www.google.com' matches '^w.*google.*': %b%n", isMatch);
+    }
+
+    public static void Regex_Matcher_group() {
+        String line = "This order was placed for QT3000! OK?";
+        Pattern p = Pattern.compile("(\\D+)(\\d+)(.*)");  // 使用两个反斜线，表示正则表达式受到保护，不被 Java 字节码编译器解释
+        Matcher m = p.matcher(line);
+        if (m.find()) {
+            System.out.println("Matcher.group(0): " + m.group(0));
+            System.out.println("Matcher.group(1): " + m.group(1));
+            System.out.println("Matcher.group(2): " + m.group(2));
+            System.out.println("Matcher.group(3): " + m.group(3));
+            System.out.println("Matcher.groupCount(): " + m.groupCount());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void Regex_Matcher_start_end() {
+        String content = "Java PythonJava Java1 Java";
+        Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\\bJava\\b");
+        Matcher m = p.matcher(content);
+        int count = 0;
+        while (m.find()) {
+            count++;
+            System.out.println("Count: " + count);
+            System.out.println("start: " + m.start());
+            System.out.println("end: " + m.end());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void Regex_Matcher_lookingAt() {
+        String content1 = "Java PythonJava";
+        String content2 = "Python PythonJava";
+
+        Pattern p = Pattern.compile("Java");
+        Matcher m1 = p.matcher(content1);
+        Matcher m2 = p.matcher(content2);
+        // lookingAt 方法虽然不需要整句都匹配，但是需要从第一个字符开始匹配。
+        System.out.println("Matcher.lookingAt: " + m1.lookingAt());
+        System.out.println("Matcher.lookingAt: " + m2.lookingAt());
+        // matches 要求整个序列都匹配
+        System.out.println("Matcher.matches: " + m1.matches());
+    }
+
+    public static void Regex_Matcher_replaceFirst_replaceAll() {
+        String content = "Java PythonJava";
+        Pattern p = Pattern.compile("Java");
+        Matcher m = p.matcher(content);
+        String replaceFirst = m.replaceFirst("Ruby");
+        String replaceAll = m.replaceAll("Ruby");
+        System.out.println("Matcher.replaceFirst: " + replaceFirst);
+        System.out.println("Matcher.replaceAll: " + replaceAll);
+    }
+
+    public static void Regex_Matcher_appendReplacement_appendTail() {
+        String content = "Java, Python, Go";
+        Pattern p = Pattern.compile(",");
+        Matcher m = p.matcher(content);
+        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+        while (m.find()) {
+            m.appendReplacement(sb, ":");
+        }
+        m.appendTail(sb);
+        System.out.println(sb.toString());
+    }
+
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Regex_Pattern_matches();
+        Regex_Matcher_group();
+        Regex_Matcher_start_end();
+        Regex_Matcher_lookingAt();
+        Regex_Matcher_replaceFirst_replaceAll();
+        Regex_Matcher_appendReplacement_appendTail();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Scanners.java b/src/tutorial/Scanners.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e47db68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Scanners.java
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+import java.util.Scanner;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 28/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Scanners {
+    /*
+        next():
+        1、一定要读取到有效字符后才可以结束输入。
+        2、对输入有效字符之前遇到的空白，next() 方法会自动将其去掉。
+        3、只有输入有效字符后才将其后面输入的空白作为分隔符或者结束符。
+        next() 不能得到带有空格的字符串。
+     */
+    public static void Scanner_next() {
+        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
+        System.out.println("Scanner.next方式接收数据: ");
+        do {
+            String next = scanner.next();
+            if (next.equals("q")) {
+                return;
+            }
+            System.out.println("Scanner.next(): " + next);
+        } while (scanner.hasNext());
+    }
+
+    /*
+        1、以Enter为结束符,也就是说 nextLine()方法返回的是输入回车之前的所有字符。
+        2、可以获得空白。
+     */
+    public static void Scanner_nextLine() {
+        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
+        System.out.println("Scanner.nextLine方式接收数据: ");
+        do {
+            String line = scanner.nextLine();
+            System.out.println("Scanner.nextLine(): " + line);
+            if (line.equals("q")) {
+                return;
+            }
+        } while (scanner.hasNextLine());
+    }
+
+    public static void sum() {
+        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
+        int sum = 0;
+        System.out.println("Input int number for sum: ");
+        do {
+            String s = scanner.next();
+            if (s.equals("q")) {
+                return;
+            } else {
+                int input = Integer.parseInt(s);
+                sum += input;
+                System.out.println("Input: " + input);
+                System.out.println("Now the sum is: " + sum);
+            }
+
+        } while (scanner.hasNext());
+    }
+
+    public static void average() {
+        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
+        double sum = 0d;
+        double average;
+        int count = 0;
+        System.out.println("Input double number for average: ");
+        do {
+            String s = scanner.next();
+            if (s.equals("q")) {
+                return;
+            } else {
+                count++;
+                double input = Double.parseDouble(s);
+                sum += input;
+                average = sum / count;
+                System.out.println("Sum: " + sum);
+                System.out.println("Average: " + average);
+            }
+        } while (scanner.hasNext());
+    }
+
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Scanner_next();
+        Scanner_nextLine();
+        sum();
+        average();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/StaticTest.java b/src/tutorial/StaticTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef9eab8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/StaticTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 25/06/2017.
+ */
+public class StaticTest {
+    // 类变量赋值: 无final修饰，声明时赋值，构造器中赋值，静态语句块或静态方法赋值
+    private static int staticInt = 2;
+    private int random = 2;
+
+    public StaticTest() {
+        staticInt++;
+        random++;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.out.println("类变量与对象变量的值变化");
+        StaticTest test = new StaticTest();
+        System.out.println("  实例1：staticInt:" + test.staticInt + "----random:" + test.random);
+        StaticTest test2 = new StaticTest();
+        System.out.println("  实例2：staticInt:" + test2.staticInt + "----random:" + test.random);
+
+        System.out.println("静态变量赋值");
+        System.out.println("  静态语句块起作用:" + A.staticA);
+        A a = new A();
+        System.out.println("  构造器起作用:" + a.staticA);
+        a.toChange();
+        System.out.println("  静态方法1起作用:" + A.staticA);
+        a.toChange2();
+        System.out.println("  静态方法2起作用:" + A.staticA);
+
+        System.out.println("常量赋值");
+        System.out.println("  静态语句赋值:" + B.staticB);
+    }
+}
+
+class A {
+    public static String staticA = "A";
+
+    //静态语句块修改值
+    static {
+        staticA = "A1";
+    }
+
+    //构造器修改值
+    public A() {
+        staticA = "A2";
+    }
+    //静态方法起作用
+
+    public static void toChange() {
+        staticA = "A3";
+    }
+
+    public static void toChange2() {
+        staticA = "A4";
+    }
+}
+
+class B {
+    public static final String staticB;  // 声明与赋值分离
+
+    static {
+        staticB = "B";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/StringBuffers.java b/src/tutorial/StringBuffers.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab9bee1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/StringBuffers.java
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 26/06/2017.
+ */
+public class StringBuffers {
+    public static void StringBuffer_append() {
+        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer("Google");
+        buffer.append(".com");
+        System.out.println("StringBuffer 'Google' append '.com': " + buffer);
+    }
+
+    public static void StringBuffer_reverse() {
+        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer("apple");
+        System.out.println("StringBuffer 'apple' reverse: " + buffer.reverse());
+    }
+
+    public static void StringBuffer_delete() {
+        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer("apple");
+        System.out.println("StringBuffer 'apple' delete(2, 4): " + buffer.delete(2, 4));
+    }
+
+    public static void StringBuffer_insert() {
+        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer("apple");
+        System.out.println("StringBuffer 'apple' insert(3, '-'): " + buffer.insert(3, '-'));
+    }
+
+    public static void StringBuffer_replace() {
+        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer("google");
+        System.out.println("StringBuffer 'google' replace(1, 3, 'OO'): " + buffer.replace(1, 3, "OO"));
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        StringBuffer_append();
+        StringBuffer_reverse();
+        StringBuffer_delete();
+        StringBuffer_insert();
+        StringBuffer_replace();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/Strings.java b/src/tutorial/Strings.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..097c1de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/Strings.java
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 26/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Strings {
+    public static void String_length() {
+        String site = "www.google.com";
+        System.out.printf("Length of site is %d%n", site.length());
+    }
+
+    public static void String_concat() {
+        String a = "Hello, ";
+        System.out.println(a.concat("Java"));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_format() {
+        String s = String.format("浮点型变量的的值为 " +
+                "%f, 整型变量的值为 " +
+                "%d, 字符串变量的值为 " +
+                "%s", 1.23, 2, "Java");
+        System.out.println(s);
+    }
+
+    public static void String_charAt() {
+        System.out.println("'ABC'.charAt(1): " + "ABC".charAt(1));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_compareTo() {
+        System.out.println("ABC compareTo ABC: " + "ABC".compareTo("ABC"));
+        System.out.println("ABC compareTo ABC123: " + "ABC".compareTo("ABC123"));
+        System.out.println("ABC123 compareTo ABC: " + "ABC123".compareTo("ABC"));
+        System.out.println("ABC compareToIgnoreCase abc: " + "ABC".compareToIgnoreCase("abc"));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_contentEquals() {
+        // 用于将将此字符串与指定的 StringBuffer 比较
+        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer("abc");
+        System.out.println("ABC contentEquals StringBuffer(\"abc\"): " + "ABC".contentEquals(buffer));
+        System.out.println("abc contentEquals StringBuffer(\"abc\"): " + "abc".contentEquals(buffer));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_copyValueOf() {
+        char[] c = {'G', 'o', 'o', 'g', 'l', 'e'};
+        String s = "";
+        System.out.println("copyValueOf({'G', 'o', 'o', 'g', 'l', 'e'}): " + s.copyValueOf(c));
+        System.out.println("copyValueOf({'G', 'o', 'o', 'g', 'l', 'e'}, 1, 3): " + s.copyValueOf(c, 1, 3));
+        System.out.println("valueOf({'G', 'o', 'o', 'g', 'l', 'e'}): " + s.valueOf(c));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_endsWith() {
+        System.out.println("Google endsWith e: " + "Google".endsWith("e"));
+        System.out.println("Google endsWith G: " + "Google".endsWith("G"));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_equals() {
+        System.out.println("Google equals Google: " + "Google".equals("Google"));
+        System.out.println("Google equals google: " + "Google".equals("google"));
+        System.out.println("Google equalsIgnoreCase google: " + "Google".equalsIgnoreCase("google"));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_getChars() {
+        // 将字符从此字符串复制到目标字符数组
+        String s = new String("Google");
+        char[] c = new char[10];
+        s.getChars(1, 4, c, 0);
+        System.out.println(c);
+    }
+
+    public static void String_hashCode() {
+        /*
+        字符串对象的哈希码根据以下公式计算：
+        s[0]*31^(n-1) + s[1]*31^(n-2) + ... + s[n-1]
+        使用 int 算法，这里 s[i] 是字符串的第 i 个字符，n 是字符串的长度，^ 表示求幂。空字符串的哈希值为 0
+         */
+        System.out.println("www.runoob.com hashCode: " + "www.runoob.com".hashCode());
+    }
+
+    public static void String_indexOf() {
+        System.out.println("Google indexOf('o'): " + "Google".indexOf('o'));
+        System.out.println("Google indexOf('g') fromIndex 2: " + "Google".indexOf('g', 2));
+        System.out.println("Google indexOf('gle'): " + "Google".indexOf("gle"));
+        System.out.println("Google indexOf('gle' fromIndex 2): " + "Google".indexOf("gle", 2));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_lastIndexOf() {
+        System.out.println("Google lastIndexIf('o'): " + "Google".lastIndexOf('o'));
+        System.out.println("Google lastIndexIf('oog'): " + "Google".lastIndexOf("oog"));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_matches() {
+        System.out.println("Google matches('(.*)oog(.*)'): " + "Google".matches("(.*)oog(.*)"));
+        /* 检测两个字符串在一个区域内是否相等
+        ignoreCase -- 如果为 true，则比较字符时忽略大小写。
+        toffset -- 此字符串中子区域的起始偏移量。
+        other -- 字符串参数。
+        ooffset -- 字符串参数中子区域的起始偏移量。
+        len -- 要比较的字符数。
+         */
+        System.out.println("Google regionMatches(1, 'oog', 0, 3): " + "Google".regionMatches(1, "oog", 0, 3));
+        System.out.println("Google regionMatches(ignoreCase, 1, 'oog', 0, 3): " + "Google".regionMatches(true, 1, "OOG", 0, 3));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_replace() {
+        System.out.println("Google replace o to O: " + "Google".replace('o', 'O'));
+        System.out.println("Google replaceAll to Apple: " + "Google".replaceAll("(.*)oog(.*)", "Apple"));
+        System.out.println("Google failed to replaceAll to Apple: " + "Google".replaceAll("(,*)OOG(.*)", "Apple"));
+        System.out.println("Google replaceFirst o to O: " + "Google".replaceFirst("o", "O"));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_split() {
+        System.out.println("- 分隔符返回值 :");
+        for (String name : "www-google-com".split("-")) {
+            System.out.println(name);
+        }
+        System.out.println("- 分隔符设置分割份数返回值 :");
+        for (String name : "www-google-com".split("-", 2)) {
+            System.out.println(name);
+        }
+        System.out.println("转义字符返回值 :");
+        for (String name : "www.google.com".split("\\.")) {
+            System.out.println(name);
+        }
+        System.out.println("多个分隔符返回值 :");
+        for (String name : "www.google-com".split("\\.|-")) {
+            System.out.println(name);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void String_startsWith() {
+        System.out.println("www.google.com startsWith www: " + "www.google.com".startsWith("www"));
+        System.out.println("www.google.com startsWith com: " + "www.google.com".startsWith("com"));
+        System.out.println("www.google.com startsWith com offset 11: " + "www.google.com".startsWith("com", 11));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_subSequence() {
+        System.out.println("www.google.com subSequence(4, 10): " + "www.google.com".subSequence(4, 10));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_subString() {
+        System.out.println("www.google.com subString(4): " + "www.google.com".substring(4));
+        System.out.println("www.google.com subString(4, 10): " + "www.google.com".substring(4, 10));
+    }
+
+    public static void String_toCharArray() {
+        System.out.println("将此字符串转换为一个新的字符数组 :");
+        String s = new String("google");
+        for (char c : s.toCharArray()) {
+            System.out.print(c);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void String_toLowerCase() {
+        System.out.println("AMD toLowerCase: " + "AMD".toLowerCase());
+    }
+
+    public static void String_toString() {
+        System.out.println("hao123 toString: " + "hao123".toString());
+    }
+
+    public static void String_toUpperCase() {
+        System.out.println("apple toUpperCase: " + "apple".toUpperCase());
+    }
+
+    public static void String_trim() {
+        System.out.println("' google  ' trim: " + " google  ".trim());
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        String_length();
+        String_concat();
+        String_format();
+        String_charAt();
+        String_compareTo();
+        String_contentEquals();
+        String_copyValueOf();
+        String_endsWith();
+        String_equals();
+        String_getChars();
+        String_hashCode();
+        String_indexOf();
+        String_lastIndexOf();
+        String_matches();
+        String_replace();
+        String_split();
+        String_startsWith();
+        String_subSequence();
+        String_subString();
+        String_toCharArray();
+        String_toLowerCase();
+        String_toString();
+        String_toUpperCase();
+        String_trim();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/animals/Animal.java b/src/tutorial/animals/Animal.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e820d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/animals/Animal.java
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package animals;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 30/06/2017.
+ */
+public interface Animal {
+    /*接口是隐式抽象的，当声明一个接口的时候，不必使用abstract关键字。
+    接口中每一个方法也是隐式抽象的，声明时同样不需要abstract关键子。
+    接口中的方法都是公有的。
+     */
+
+    void eat();
+
+    void travel();
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/animals/MammalInt.java b/src/tutorial/animals/MammalInt.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02e953b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/animals/MammalInt.java
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package animals;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 30/06/2017.
+ */
+public class MammalInt implements Animal {
+    public void eat() {
+        System.out.println("animals.Mammal eats");
+
+    }
+
+    public void travel() {
+        System.out.println("animals.Mammal travels");
+
+    }
+
+    public int noOfLegs() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MammalInt mammalInt = new MammalInt();
+        mammalInt.eat();
+        mammalInt.travel();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/data/BitSets.java b/src/tutorial/data/BitSets.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d916dcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/data/BitSets.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package data;
+
+import java.util.BitSet;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 30/06/2017.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * 一个BitSet类创建一种特殊类型的数组来保存位值。BitSet中数组大小会随需要增加。这和位向量（vector of bits）比较类似。
+ */
+public class BitSets {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        BitSet bs1 = new java.util.BitSet(16);
+        BitSet bs2 = new java.util.BitSet(16);
+
+        for (int i = 1; i <= 16; i++) {
+            if (i % 2 == 0) {
+                bs1.set(i);
+            } else if (i % 3 == 0) {
+                bs2.set(i);
+            }
+        }
+        System.out.println("BitSet1: " + bs1.toString());
+        System.out.println("BitSet2: " + bs2.toString());
+
+        bs2.and(bs1);
+        System.out.println("BitSet2.and(BitSet1): " + bs2.toString());
+
+        bs2.or(bs1);
+        System.out.println("BitSet2.or(BitSet1): " + bs2.toString());
+
+        bs2.xor(bs1);
+        System.out.println("BitSet2.xor(BitSet1): " + bs2.toString());
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/data/Collection.java b/src/tutorial/data/Collection.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a85a185
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/data/Collection.java
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+package data;
+
+import java.util.*;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 01/07/2017.
+ */
+public class Collection {
+    /**
+     * 集合接口
+     *1	Collection 是最基本的集合接口，一个 Collection 代表一组 Object，Java不提供直接继承自Collection的类，只提供继承于的子接口(如List和set)。
+     *2 List接口是一个有序的Collection，使用此接口能够精确的控制每个元素插入的位置，能够通过索引(元素在List中位置，类似于数组的小标)来访问List中的元素，而且允许有相同的元素。
+     *3 Set 具有与 Collection 完全一样的接口，只是行为上不同，Set 不保存重复的元素。
+     *4 SortedSet继承于Set保存有序的集合。
+     *5	Map将唯一的键映射到值。
+     *6	Map.Entry描述在一个Map中的一个元素（键/值对）。是一个Map的内部类。
+     *7	SortedMap继承于Map，使Key保持在升序排列。
+     *8	Enumeration这是一个传统的接口和定义的方法，通过它可以枚举（一次获得一个）对象集合中的元素。这个传统接口已被迭代器取代。
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * 集合实现类
+     * 1	AbstractCollection 实现了大部分的集合接口。
+     * 2	AbstractList 继承于AbstractCollection 并且实现了大部分List接口。
+     * 3	AbstractSequentialList 继承于 AbstractList ，提供了对数据元素的链式访问而不是随机访问。
+     * 4	LinkedList该类实现了List接口，允许有null（空）元素。主要用于创建链表数据结构，该类没有同步方法，如果多个线程同时访问一个List，则必须自己实现访问同步，解决方法就是在创建List时候构造一个同步的List。
+     * 例如：Listlist=Collections.synchronizedList(newLinkedList(...));LinkedList 查找效率低。
+     * 5	ArrayList该类也是实现了List的接口，实现了可变大小的数组，随机访问和遍历元素时，提供更好的性能。该类也是非同步的,在多线程的情况下不要使用。ArrayList 增长当前长度的50%，插入删除效率低。
+     * 6	AbstractSet 继承于AbstractCollection 并且实现了大部分Set接口。
+     * 7	HashSet该类实现了Set接口，不允许出现重复元素，不保证集合中元素的顺序，允许包含值为null的元素，但最多只能一个。
+     * 8	LinkedHashSet具有可预知迭代顺序的 Set 接口的哈希表和链接列表实现。
+     * 9	TreeSet该类实现了Set接口，可以实现排序等功能。
+     * 10 AbstractMap 实现了大部分的Map接口。
+     * 11 HashMap 是一个散列表，它存储的内容是键值对(key-value)映射。
+     * 该类实现了Map接口，根据键的HashCode值存储数据，具有很快的访问速度，最多允许一条记录的键为null，不支持线程同步。
+     * 12 TreeMap 继承了AbstractMap，并且使用一颗树。
+     * 13 WeakHashMap 继承AbstractMap类，使用弱密钥的哈希表。
+     * 14 LinkedHashMap 继承于HashMap，使用元素的自然顺序对元素进行排序.
+     * 15 IdentityHashMap 继承AbstractMap类，比较文档时使用引用相等。
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * 通过java.util包中定义的类
+     * 1	Vector 该类和ArrayList非常相似，但是该类是同步的，可以用在多线程的情况，该类允许设置默认的增长长度，默认扩容方式为原来的2倍。
+     * 2	Stack 栈是Vector的一个子类，它实现了一个标准的后进先出的栈。
+     * 3	Dictionary 类是一个抽象类，用来存储键/值对，作用和Map类相似。
+     * 4	Hashtable 是 Dictionary(字典) 类的子类，位于 java.util 包中。
+     * 5	Properties 继承于 Hashtable，表示一个持久的属性集，属性列表中每个键及其对应值都是一个字符串。
+     * 6	BitSet类创建一种特殊类型的数组来保存位值。BitSet中数组大小会随需要增加。
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        traverse_ArrayList();
+        traverse_map();
+    }
+
+    public static void traverse_ArrayList() {
+        System.out.println("\n*****遍历 ArrayList*****:");
+        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
+        list.add("Java");
+        list.add("Python");
+        list.add("Go");
+
+        //第一种遍历方法使用foreach遍历List
+        System.out.println("第一种遍历, 使用foreach遍历List:");
+        for (String language : list) {
+            System.out.println(language);
+        }
+
+        //第二种遍历，把链表变为数组相关的内容进行遍历
+        System.out.println("第二种遍历，把链表变为数组相关的内容进行遍历:");
+        String[] strArray = new String[list.size()];
+        list.toArray(strArray);
+        for (String language : strArray) {
+            System.out.println(language);
+        }
+
+        //第三种遍历 使用迭代器进行相关遍历
+        System.out.println("第三种遍历, 使用迭代器进行相关遍历:");
+        Iterator<String> iterator = list.iterator();
+        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+            System.out.println(iterator.next());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void traverse_map() {
+        System.out.println("\n*****遍历 Map*****:");
+        Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
+        map.put("Java", "JAVA");
+        map.put("Python", "PYTHON");
+        map.put("Go", "GO");
+
+        //第一种：普遍使用，二次取值
+        System.out.println("第一种：普遍使用，二次取值:");
+        for (String key : map.keySet()) {
+            System.out.printf("%s: %s%n", key, map.get(key));  //通过Map.keySet遍历key和value
+        }
+
+        System.out.println("第二种：通过Map.entrySet使用iterator遍历key和value：");
+        Iterator iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();
+        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+            Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) iterator.next();
+            System.out.printf("%s: %s%n", entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
+        }
+
+        System.out.println("第三种：通过Map.entrySet遍历key和value：");
+        for (Map.Entry entry : map.entrySet()) {
+            System.out.printf("%s: %s%n", entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
+        }
+
+        System.out.println("第四种: 通过Map.values()遍历所有的value，但不能遍历key：");
+        for (String value : map.values()) {
+            System.out.printf("%s%n", value);
+        }
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/data/Enumerations.java b/src/tutorial/data/Enumerations.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa67d35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/data/Enumerations.java
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package data;
+
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import java.util.Vector;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 30/06/2017.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * 枚举（Enumeration）接口虽然它本身不属于数据结构,但它在其他数据结构的范畴里应用很广。 枚举（The Enumeration）接口定义了一种从数据结构中取回连续元素的方式。
+ * 例如，枚举定义了一个叫nextElement 的方法，该方法用来得到一个包含多元素的数据结构的下一个元素。
+ *
+ * boolean hasMoreElements( )  测试此枚举是否包含更多的元素。
+ * Object nextElement( )  如果此枚举对象至少还有一个可提供的元素，则返回此枚举的下一个元素。
+ */
+public class Enumerations {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Enumeration days;
+        Vector dayNames = new Vector();
+        dayNames.add("Sunday");
+        dayNames.add("Monday");
+        dayNames.add("Tuesday");
+        dayNames.add("Wednesday");
+        dayNames.add("Thursday");
+        dayNames.add("Friday");
+        dayNames.add("Saturday");
+        days = dayNames.elements();
+        while (days.hasMoreElements()) {
+            System.out.println(days.nextElement());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/data/Generics.java b/src/tutorial/data/Generics.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f278aab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/data/Generics.java
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+package data;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 01/07/2017.
+ */
+public class Generics {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Integer[] intArray = {2, 4, 6};
+        String[] strArray = {"Python", "Java", "Go"};
+        Character[] charArray = {'a', 'b', 'c'};
+        System.out.println("整型数组元素为:");
+        printArray(intArray);
+        System.out.println("\n双精度型数组元素为:");
+        printArray(strArray);
+        System.out.println("\n字符型数组元素为:");
+        printArray(charArray);
+
+        System.out.printf("Max int: %d%n", maximum(1, 2, 3));
+        System.out.printf("Max str: %s%n", maximum("apple", "banana", "pineapple"));
+        System.out.printf("Max double: %f%n", maximum(0.12, 2.12, 10.3));
+
+        Box<Integer> integerBox = new Box<Integer>();
+        Box<String> stringBox = new Box<String>();
+        Box<Double> doulbeBox = new Box<Double>();
+        integerBox.setT(10);
+        stringBox.setT("Python");
+        doulbeBox.setT(10.10);
+
+        System.out.printf("Box<Integer>: %d%n", integerBox.getT());
+        System.out.printf("Box<String>: %s%n", stringBox.getT());
+        System.out.printf("Box<Double>: %f%n", doulbeBox.getT());
+
+        List<Integer> integerArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<String> stringArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
+        List<Double> doubleArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
+        integerArrayList.add(7);
+        stringArrayList.add("Python");
+        doubleArrayList.add(7.7);
+        getData(integerArrayList);  //类型通配符List<?>，在逻辑上是List<String>,List<Integer> 等所有List<具体类型实参>的父类
+        getData(stringArrayList);
+        getData(doubleArrayList);
+
+        getNumber(integerArrayList);
+        // getNumber(stringArrayList); // 参数泛型上限为Number，所以泛型为String是不在这个范围之内，所以会报错
+        getNumber(doubleArrayList);
+
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 泛型方法 printArray
+     */
+    public static <E> void printArray(E[] inputArray) {
+        for (E element : inputArray) {
+            System.out.println(element);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 有界的类型参数
+     * 可能有时候，你会想限制那些被允许传递到一个类型参数的类型种类范围。
+     * 例如，一个操作数字的方法可能只希望接受Number或者Number子类的实例。这就是有界类型参数的目的。
+     * 要声明一个有界的类型参数，首先列出类型参数的名称，后跟extends关键字，最后紧跟它的上界
+     * 该例子中的泛型方法返回三个可比较对象的最大值
+     */
+    public static <T extends Comparable<T>> T maximum(T a, T b, T c) {
+        T max = a;
+        if (b.compareTo(max) > 0) {
+            max = b;
+        }
+        if (c.compareTo(max) > 0) {
+            max = c;
+        }
+        return max;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 类型通配符
+     * 因为getDate()方法的参数是List类型的，所以integerArrayList，stringArrayList，doubleArrayList都可以作为这个方法的实参，这就是通配符的作用
+     */
+    public static void getData(List<?> data) {
+        System.out.printf("Data Class: %s, Data Value: %s%n", data.get(0).getClass(), data.get(0));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 类型通配符上限通过形如List来定义，如此定义就是通配符泛型值接受Number及其下层子类类型
+     * <? extends T>表示该通配符所代表的类型是T类型的子类。
+     * <? super T>表示该通配符所代表的类型是T类型的父类。
+     */
+    public static void getNumber(List<? extends Number> number) {
+        System.out.printf("Number Class: %s, Number Value: %s%n", number.get(0).getClass(), number.get(0));
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 定义一个泛型类
+ * 泛型类的声明和非泛型类的声明类似，除了在类名后面添加了类型参数声明部分。
+ * 和泛型方法一样，泛型类的类型参数声明部分也包含一个或多个类型参数，参数间用逗号隔开。
+ * 一个泛型参数，也被称为一个类型变量，是用于指定一个泛型类型名称的标识符。
+ * 因为他们接受一个或多个参数，这些类被称为参数化的类或参数化的类型。
+ */
+class Box<T> {
+    private T t;
+
+    public void setT(T t) {
+        this.t = t;
+    }
+
+    public T getT() {
+        return t;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/src/tutorial/data/Hashtables.java b/src/tutorial/data/Hashtables.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b65b7b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/data/Hashtables.java
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package data;
+
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 30/06/2017.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Hashtable是原始的java.util的一部分， 是一个Dictionary具体的实现 。
+ * 然而，Java 2 重构的Hashtable实现了Map接口，因此，Hashtable现在集成到了集合框架中。它和HashMap类很相似，但是它支持同步。
+ * 像HashMap一样，Hashtable在哈希表中存储键/值对。当使用一个哈希表，要指定用作键的对象，以及要链接到该键的值。
+ * 然后，该键经过哈希处理，所得到的散列码被用作存储在该表中值的索引。
+ */
+public class Hashtables {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Hashtable hashtable = new Hashtable();
+        hashtable.put("Java", new Double(1.11));
+        hashtable.put("Python", new Double(2.22));
+        hashtable.put("Go", new Double(3.33));
+
+        Enumeration languages = hashtable.keys();  // 返回此哈希表中的键的枚举
+        while (languages.hasMoreElements()) {
+            String language = (String) languages.nextElement();
+            System.out.println(language + ": " + hashtable.get(language));
+        }
+
+        Double d = (Double) hashtable.get("Python") + 7.77;
+        hashtable.put("Python", d);
+        System.out.println("Python's new value: " + hashtable.get("Python"));
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/data/Maps.java b/src/tutorial/data/Maps.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da76277
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/data/Maps.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package data;
+
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 30/06/2017.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Map接口中键和值一一映射. 可以通过键来获取值。
+ * 给定一个键和一个值，你可以将该值存储在一个Map对象. 之后，你可以通过键来访问对应的值。
+ * 当访问的值不存在的时候，方法就会抛出一个NoSuchElementException异常.
+ * 当对象的类型和Map里元素类型不兼容的时候，就会抛出一个 ClassCastException异常。
+ * 当在不允许使用Null对象的Map中使用Null对象，会抛出一个NullPointerException 异常。
+ * 当尝试修改一个只读的Map时，会抛出一个UnsupportedOperationException异常。
+ */
+public class Maps {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Map map = new HashMap();
+        map.put("Python", 1);
+        map.put("Java", 2);
+        map.put("Go", 3);
+        System.out.println("map elements: " + map);
+        System.out.println("map.size(): " + map.size());
+        System.out.println("map.containsKey('Python'): " + map.containsKey("Python"));
+        System.out.println("map.containsValue(3): " + map.containsValue(3));
+
+        Set s = map.entrySet();
+        System.out.println("映射中包含的映射关系的 Set 视图: " + s);
+
+        Collection c = map.values();
+        System.out.println("映射中包含的值的 Collection 视图: " + c);
+
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/data/Propertys.java b/src/tutorial/data/Propertys.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af3abc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/data/Propertys.java
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+package data;
+
+import java.util.Iterator;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 30/06/2017.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Properties 继承于 Hashtable. Properties 类表示了一个持久的属性集.属性列表中每个键及其对应值都是一个字符串。
+ * Properties 类被许多Java类使用。例如，在获取环境变量时它就作为System.getProperties()方法的返回值。
+ */
+public class Propertys {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.out.println(System.getProperties());
+
+        Properties properties = new Properties();
+        properties.put("JAVA", "java");
+        properties.put("PYTHON", "python");
+        properties.put("GO", "go");
+
+        Set languages = properties.keySet();
+        Iterator iterator = languages.iterator();
+        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+            String language = (String) iterator.next();
+            System.out.printf("%s turned to lowercase: %s%n", language, properties.getProperty(language, "C++"));
+        }
+
+        // 用指定的键在属性列表中搜索属性, 不存在就返回默认值
+        System.out.printf("%s turned to lowercase: %s%n", "RUBY", properties.getProperty("RUBY", "c++"));
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/data/Stacks.java b/src/tutorial/data/Stacks.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8dd2b33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/data/Stacks.java
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package data;
+
+import java.util.EmptyStackException;
+import java.util.Stack;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 30/06/2017.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * 栈是Vector的一个子类，它实现了一个标准的后进先出的栈。
+ * 堆栈只定义了默认构造函数，用来创建一个空栈。 堆栈除了包括由Vector定义的所有方法，也定义了自己的一些方法。
+ */
+public class Stacks {
+    static void tryPush(Stack stack, int i) {
+        stack.push(i);
+        System.out.printf("Push %d to stack %s%n", i, stack);
+    }
+
+    static void tryPop(Stack stack) {
+        Integer popped = (Integer) stack.pop();
+        System.out.printf("Pop %d off stack %s%n", popped, stack);
+    }
+
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Stack stack = new Stack();
+        tryPush(stack, 10);
+        tryPush(stack, 20);
+        tryPush(stack, 30);
+        tryPush(stack, 40);
+        tryPush(stack, 50);
+        tryPop(stack);
+        tryPop(stack);
+        tryPop(stack);
+        tryPop(stack);
+        tryPop(stack);
+
+        try {
+            tryPop(stack);
+        } catch (EmptyStackException e) {
+            System.out.println("empty stack");
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/data/Vectors.java b/src/tutorial/data/Vectors.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a5923e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/data/Vectors.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package data;
+
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import java.util.Vector;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 30/06/2017.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Vector类实现了一个动态数组。和ArrayList和相似，但是两者是不同的：
+ * Vector是同步访问的。
+ * Vector包含了许多传统的方法，这些方法不属于集合框架。
+ * Vector主要用在事先不知道数组的大小，或者只是需要一个可以改变大小的数组的情况。
+ */
+public class Vectors {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Vector v = new Vector(3, 2);
+        System.out.printf("Initial size: %d%n", v.size());
+        System.out.printf("Initial capacity: %d%n", v.capacity());
+
+        v.addElement(new Integer(1));
+        v.addElement(new Integer(2));
+        v.addElement(new Integer(3));
+        v.addElement(new Integer(4));
+        System.out.printf("Capacity after 4 additions: %d%n", v.capacity());
+
+        v.addElement(new Double(3.14));
+        System.out.printf("Capacity after 5 additions: %d%n", v.capacity());
+
+        v.addElement(new Double(6.08));
+        v.addElement(new Integer(7));
+        System.out.printf("Capacity after 7 additions: %d%n", v.capacity());
+
+        v.addElement(new Float(9.4));
+        v.addElement(new Integer(10));
+        System.out.printf("Capacity after 9 additions: %d%n", v.capacity());
+
+        v.addElement(new Integer(11));
+        v.addElement(new Integer(12));
+        System.out.printf("Capacity after 11 additions: %d%n", v.capacity());
+
+        System.out.println("1st element: " + v.firstElement());
+        System.out.println("last element: " + v.lastElement());
+
+        if (v.contains(3)) {
+            System.out.println("Vector contains 3");
+        }
+
+        Enumeration enumeration = v.elements();
+        while (enumeration.hasMoreElements()) {
+            System.out.println(enumeration.nextElement());
+        }
+
+        System.out.printf("Size in the end: %d%n", v.size());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/db/MySQL.java b/src/tutorial/db/MySQL.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86733ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/db/MySQL.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package db;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.sql.*;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Properties;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 14/07/2017.
+ */
+public class MySQL {
+    /**
+     * 使用 JDBC 连接 MySQL 数据库。
+     * Java 连接 MySQL 需要驱动包，最新版下载地址为：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/，解压后得到jar库文件，然后在对应的项目中导入该库文件。
+     */
+    private Properties properties = System.getProperties();
+    private Connection connection;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        MySQL mySQL = new MySQL();
+        System.out.println("SQL return: " + mySQL.query("SELECT * FROM products_jd ORDER BY ID DESC LIMIT 5"));
+    }
+
+    public void getConnect() {
+        try {
+            InputStream inputStream = MySQL.class.getResourceAsStream("mysql.properties");
+            properties.load(inputStream);
+
+            String driver = properties.getProperty("mysql.driver");
+            String url = properties.getProperty("mysql.url");
+            String user = properties.getProperty("mysql.user");
+            String password = properties.getProperty("mysql.password");
+
+            // 注册 JDBC 驱动
+            Class.forName(driver);
+
+            // 打开链接
+            System.out.println("连接数据库...");
+            connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (ClassNotFoundException c) {
+            c.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (SQLException s) {
+            s.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public List<HashMap<String, String>> query(String s) {
+        getConnect();
+        HashMap<String, String> result = new HashMap<>();
+        List<HashMap<String, String>> results = new ArrayList<>();
+        try {
+            // 执行查询
+            System.out.println(" 实例化Statement对...");
+            Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
+            ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery(s);
+
+            // 分析返回结果
+            ResultSetMetaData resultSetMetaData = resultSet.getMetaData();
+            int columnCount = resultSetMetaData.getColumnCount();
+            while (resultSet.next()) {
+                for (int i = 1; i <= columnCount; i++) {
+                    System.out.print(resultSetMetaData.getColumnLabel(i) + ":" + resultSet.getString(i) + ", ");
+                    result.put(resultSetMetaData.getColumnLabel(i), resultSet.getString(i));
+                }
+                System.out.println();
+                results.add(result);
+            }
+            resultSet.close();
+            statement.close();
+            connection.close();
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+        return results;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/db/mysql.properties b/src/tutorial/db/mysql.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..93e11ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/db/mysql.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+mysql.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
+mysql.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spider
+mysql.user=root
+mysql.password=password
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/tutorial/employee/Employee.java b/src/tutorial/employee/Employee.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ccf0d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/employee/Employee.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package employee;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 25/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Employee implements Serializable {
+    int age;
+    double salary;
+    String name;
+    String designation;
+
+    public Employee(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
+    public void setAge(int age) {
+        this.age = age;
+    }
+
+    public void setSalary(double salary) {
+        this.salary = salary;
+    }
+
+    public void setDesignation(String designation) {
+        this.designation = designation;
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    public int getAge() {
+        return age;
+    }
+
+    public double getSalary() {
+        return salary;
+    }
+
+    public String getDesignation() {
+        return designation;
+    }
+
+    public void printEmployee() {
+        System.out.println("employee.Employee name: " + this.name);
+        System.out.println("employee.Employee age: " + this.age);
+        System.out.println("employee.Employee designation: " + this.designation);
+        System.out.println("employee.Employee salary: " + this.salary);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/employee/EmployeeTest.java b/src/tutorial/employee/EmployeeTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e0037c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/employee/EmployeeTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package employee;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 25/06/2017.
+ */
+public class EmployeeTest {
+    public static void main(String []args) {
+        // java因强制要求类名（唯一的public类）和文件名统一，因此在引用其它类时无需显式声明。在编译时，编译器会根据类名去寻找同名文件。
+        Employee A = new Employee("Thomas");
+        Employee B = new Employee("Jane");
+
+        A.age = 30;
+        A.designation = "Programmer";
+        A.salary = 30000;
+        A.printEmployee();
+
+        B.age = 28;
+        B.designation = "HR";
+        B.salary = 20000;
+        B.printEmployee();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/ArraysExample.java b/src/tutorial/examples/ArraysExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..151115c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/ArraysExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+package examples;
+
+import java.util.*;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 05/07/2017.
+ */
+public class ArraysExample {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        /* 数组排序及元素查找 */
+        sort_search();
+
+        /* 数组添加元素 */
+        int[] array = {1, 2, 4};
+        insertElement(array, 3, 2);
+
+        /**数组反转
+         * asList方法返回一个受指定数组支持的固定大小的列表，
+         * 此方法同 Collection.toArray 一起，充当了基于数组的 API 与基于 collection 的 API 之间的桥梁
+         */
+        List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 3, 2);
+        reverse(new ArrayList(list));
+
+        /* 数组获取最大和最小值 */
+        max_min();
+
+        /* 数组合并 */
+        String[] strings1 = {"a", "b"};
+        String[] strings2 = {"c", "d"};
+        concatenate(strings1, strings2);
+
+        /* 数组填充 */
+        fill();
+
+        /* 数组扩容 */
+        extend(strings1, strings2);
+
+        /* 删除数组元素 */
+        String[] strings3 = {"a", "b", "c"};
+        remove(strings3, "b");
+
+        /* 数组差集 */
+        String[] strings4 = {"a", "b", "c"};
+        String[] strings5 = {"a", "d", "e"};
+        uncommon(strings4, strings5);
+
+        /* 数组交集 */
+        common(strings4, strings5);
+
+        /* 在数组中查找指定元素 */
+        contain(strings4, "c");
+        contain(strings4, strings5);
+        contain(strings4, strings1);
+
+        /* 判断数组是否相等 */
+        String[] strings6 = {"a", "b", "c"};
+        String[] strings7 = {"a", "c", "b"};
+        equal(strings4, strings6);
+        equal(strings7, strings6);
+
+        /* 数组并集 */
+        union(strings4, strings5);
+
+    }
+
+    public static void printArray(String message, int[] array) {
+        System.out.println(message + "length: " + array.length);
+        for (int i : array) {
+            System.out.print(i);
+            System.out.print(", ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+    }
+
+    public static void printArray(String message, String[] array) {
+        System.out.println(message + "length: " + array.length);
+        for (String i : array) {
+            System.out.print(i);
+            System.out.print(", ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+    }
+
+    public static void sort_search() {
+        int[] array = {-1, 0, -2, 7, 10, 9};
+        Arrays.sort(array);
+        printArray("sort_search ", array);
+        int index = Arrays.binarySearch(array, 7);
+        System.out.println("元素7的索引值（负数为不存在）: " + index);
+    }
+
+    public static void insertElement(int[] origin, int element, int index) {
+        int length = origin.length;
+        int[] destination = new int[length + 1];
+        System.arraycopy(origin, 0, destination, 0, index);
+        destination[index] = element;
+        System.arraycopy(origin, index, destination, index + 1, length - index);
+        printArray("insertElement", destination);
+    }
+
+    public static void reverse(ArrayList arrayList) {
+        System.out.println("\n反转前排序: " + arrayList.toString());
+        Collections.reverse(arrayList);
+        System.out.println("\n反转后排序: " + arrayList.toString());
+    }
+
+    public static void max_min() {
+        Integer[] numbers = {1, 5, 7, 10};
+        System.out.println("Max: " + Collections.max(Arrays.asList(numbers)));
+        System.out.println("Min: " + Collections.min(Arrays.asList(numbers)));
+    }
+
+    public static void concatenate(String[] s1, String[] s2) {
+        List<String> list1 = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(s1));
+        List<String> list2 = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(s2));
+        list1.addAll(list2);
+        System.out.println("Concatenated: " + list1);
+    }
+
+    public static void fill() {
+        int[] array = new int[6];
+        Arrays.fill(array, 100);
+        printArray("fill 100 ", array);
+
+        Arrays.fill(array, 3, 6, 50);
+        printArray("fill 100 50 ", array);
+    }
+
+    public static void extend(String[] origin, String[] extend) {
+        String[] destination = new String[origin.length + extend.length];
+        System.arraycopy(origin, 0, destination, 0, origin.length);
+        System.arraycopy(extend, 0, destination, origin.length, extend.length);
+        printArray("extend ", destination);
+    }
+
+    public static void remove(String[] origin, String element) {
+        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(origin));
+        list.remove(element);
+        System.out.printf("remove %s from %s: %s%n", element, origin, list);
+    }
+
+    public static void uncommon(String[] strings1, String[] strings2) {
+        ArrayList arrayList1 = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(strings1));
+        ArrayList arrayList2 = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(strings2));
+        arrayList1.removeAll(arrayList2);
+        System.out.println("uncommon: " + arrayList1);
+    }
+
+    public static void common(String[] strings1, String[] strings2) {
+        ArrayList arrayList1 = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(strings1));
+        ArrayList arrayList2 = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(strings2));
+        arrayList1.retainAll(arrayList2);
+        System.out.println("common: " + arrayList1);
+    }
+
+    public static void contain(String[] strings1, String element) {
+        ArrayList arrayList1 = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(strings1));
+        System.out.printf("%s contains %s: %s%n", arrayList1, element, arrayList1.contains(element));
+    }
+
+    public static void contain(String[] strings1, String[] strings2) {
+        ArrayList arrayList1 = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(strings1));
+        ArrayList arrayList2 = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(strings2));
+        System.out.printf("%s contains %s: %s%n", arrayList1, arrayList2, arrayList1.contains(arrayList2));
+    }
+
+    public static void equal(String[] strings1, String[] strings2) {
+        System.out.printf("%s equals %s: %s%n", strings1, strings2, Arrays.equals(strings1, strings2));
+    }
+
+    public static void union(String[] strings1, String[] strings2) {
+        /*
+          求两个字符串数组的并集，利用set的元素唯一性
+         */
+        Set<String> stringSet = new HashSet<>();
+        for (String s : strings1) {
+            stringSet.add(s);
+        }
+        for (String s : strings2) {
+            stringSet.add(s);
+        }
+        System.out.println("union: " + stringSet);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/Client.java b/src/tutorial/examples/Client.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4b7060
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/Client.java
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package examples;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.net.Socket;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 11/07/2017.
+ */
+public class Client {
+    /**
+     * 建立客户端
+     * 创建Socket通信，设置通信服务器的IP和Port
+     * 建立IO输出流向服务器发送数据消息
+     * 建立IO输入流读取服务器发送来的数据消息
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        try {
+            Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 8888);
+
+            //构建IO
+            InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
+            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
+
+            //向服务器端发送一条消息
+            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
+            bufferedWriter.write("测试客户端和服务器通信，服务器接收到消息返回到客户端\n");
+            bufferedWriter.flush();
+
+            //读取服务器返回的消息
+            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
+            String msg = bufferedReader.readLine();
+            System.out.println("服务器: " + msg);
+
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/CollectionsExample.java b/src/tutorial/examples/CollectionsExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe50a03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/CollectionsExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+package examples;
+
+import java.util.*;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 08/07/2017.
+ */
+public class CollectionsExample {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        /* 数组转集合 */
+        asList();
+
+        /* 集合比较 */
+        max_min();
+
+        /* 使用 Collection 类的 iterator() 方法来遍历集合 */
+        iterator();
+
+        /* 集合长度 */
+        size();
+
+        /* 集合打乱顺序 */
+        shuffle();
+
+        /* 使用普通for，增强型的 for ，iterator 等方式来遍历list */
+        traverse_list();
+
+        /* 使用增强型的 for ，iterator 等方式来遍历set */
+        traverse_set();
+
+        /* Map类型集合的遍历 */
+        traverse_map();
+
+        /* 集合反转 */
+        reverse();
+
+        /* 删除集合中指定元素 */
+        remove();
+
+        /* 只读集合 */
+        unmodifiableList();
+
+        /* 集合输出 */
+        mapOutput();
+
+        /* list.add() 和 list.toArray() 方法将集合转为数组 */
+        collectionsToArrays();
+
+        /* List 循环移动元素 */
+        rotate();
+
+        /* 遍历 HashTable 的键值 */
+        hashtableKeys();
+
+        /* List 元素替换 */
+        replace();
+
+        /* List 截取 */
+        indexOfSubList();
+    }
+
+    public static void asList() {
+        String[] s = new String[5];
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            s[i] = String.valueOf(i);
+            System.out.print(s[i] + ", ");
+        }
+        List list = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(s));
+        System.out.println("\nArrays.toList: " + list);
+    }
+
+    public static void max_min() {
+        String[] coins = {"Penny", "nickel", "dime", "Quarter", "dollar"};
+        TreeSet set = new TreeSet();
+        for (String coin : coins) {
+            set.add(coin);
+        }
+        System.out.println("TreeSet: " + set);
+        System.out.println("Max: " + Collections.max(set));
+        System.out.println("Min: " + Collections.min(set, String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER));
+    }
+
+    public static void iterator() {
+        HashMap hashMap = new HashMap();
+        hashMap.put("1", "1st");
+        hashMap.put("2", "2nd");
+        hashMap.put("3", "3rd");
+        Collection c = hashMap.values();
+        Iterator it = c.iterator();
+        while (it.hasNext()) {
+            System.out.println(it.next());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void size() {
+        HashSet hashSet = new HashSet();
+        if (hashSet.isEmpty()) {
+            System.out.println("HashSet是空的");
+        }
+        hashSet.add("a");
+        hashSet.add("b");
+        hashSet.add("c");
+        System.out.println("HashSet size: " + hashSet.size());
+    }
+
+    public static void shuffle() {
+        List list = new ArrayList();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            list.add(i);
+        }
+        System.out.println("Before shuffle: " + list);
+        Collections.shuffle(list);
+        System.out.println("After shuffle: " + list);
+    }
+
+    public static void traverse_list() {
+        List<String> list = new ArrayList();
+        list.add("a");
+        list.add("b");
+        list.add("c");
+        // 使用传统for循环进行遍历
+        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
+            System.out.print(list.get(i) + ", ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+
+        // 使用增强for循环进行遍历
+        for (String s : list) {
+            System.out.print(String.valueOf(s) + ", ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+
+        // 使用iterator遍历
+        Iterator iterator = list.iterator();
+        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+            System.out.print(iterator.next() + ", ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+    }
+
+    public static void traverse_set() {
+        HashSet<String> hashSet = new HashSet();
+        hashSet.add("A");
+        hashSet.add("B");
+        hashSet.add("C");
+        hashSet.add("A");
+
+        // 使用增强for循环进行遍历
+        for (String s : hashSet) {
+            System.out.print(s + ", ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+
+        // 使用iterator遍历
+        Iterator iterator = hashSet.iterator();
+        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+            System.out.print(iterator.next() + ", ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+    }
+
+    public static void traverse_map() {
+        HashMap<String, String> hashMap = new HashMap();
+        hashMap.put("1", "1st");
+        hashMap.put("2", "2nd");
+        hashMap.put("3", "3rd");
+
+        // 使用entrySet()方法，获取maps集合中的每一个键值对，
+        for (Map.Entry s : hashMap.entrySet()) {
+            System.out.println(s.getKey() + ":" + s.getValue());
+        }
+
+        for (String s : hashMap.values()) {
+            System.out.print(s + ", ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+
+        // 使用keySet()方法，获取maps集合中的所有键，遍历键取得所对应的值。
+        for (String s : hashMap.keySet()) {
+            System.out.print(s + ":" + hashMap.get(s) + ", ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+
+        // 取得迭代器遍历出对应的值。
+        Iterator iterator = hashMap.entrySet().iterator();
+        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+            System.out.println(iterator.next());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void reverse() {
+        String[] coins = {"A", "B", "C", "D", "E"};
+        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(coins));
+        System.out.println("list before reverse: " + list);
+        Collections.reverse(list);
+        ListIterator iterator = list.listIterator();
+        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+            System.out.println(iterator.next());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void remove() {
+        HashSet hashSet = new HashSet();
+        hashSet.add("a");
+        hashSet.add("1");
+        hashSet.add("b");
+        System.out.println("HashSet before removal:" + hashSet);
+
+        hashSet.remove("1");
+        Iterator iterator = hashSet.iterator();
+        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
+            System.out.print(iterator.next() + ", ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+    }
+
+    public static void unmodifiableList() {
+        List stuff = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(new String[]{"a", "b"}));
+        System.out.println("Original list: " + stuff);
+        stuff.add("c");
+        System.out.println("Add c to list: " + stuff);
+
+        // 使用 Collection 类的 Collections.unmodifiableList() 方法来设置集合为只读
+        stuff = Collections.unmodifiableList(stuff);
+        try {
+            stuff.add("d");
+        } catch (UnsupportedOperationException u) {
+            System.out.println("List is set to unmodifiableList");
+        }
+        System.out.println("Add d to list: " + stuff);
+    }
+
+    public static void mapOutput() {
+        // 使用 Java Util 类的 tMap.keySet(),tMap.values() 和 tMap.firstKey() 方法将集合元素输出
+        TreeMap tMap = new TreeMap();
+        tMap.put(0, "Sunday");
+        tMap.put(1, "Monday");
+        tMap.put(2, "Tuesday");
+        tMap.put(3, "Wednesday");
+        tMap.put(4, "Thursday");
+        tMap.put(5, "Friday");
+        tMap.put(6, "Saturday");
+        System.out.println("TreeMap keySet: " + tMap.keySet());
+        System.out.println("TreeMap values: " + tMap.values());
+        System.out.println("TreeMap firstEntry: " + tMap.firstEntry());
+        System.out.println("TreeMap firstKey: " + tMap.firstKey());
+        System.out.println("TreeMap lastKey: " + tMap.lastKey());
+        tMap.remove(tMap.firstKey());
+        tMap.remove(tMap.lastKey());
+        System.out.println("TreeMap firstEntry: " + tMap.firstEntry());
+        System.out.println("TreeMap lastEntry: " + tMap.lastEntry());
+    }
+
+    public static void collectionsToArrays() {
+        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
+        list.add("J");
+        list.add("a");
+        list.add("v");
+        list.add("a");
+        System.out.println("List: " + list);
+        String[] array = list.toArray(new String[0]);
+        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
+            System.out.print(array[i] + ", ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+    }
+
+    public static void rotate() {
+        String[] arr = "I do love java".split(" ");
+        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(arr));
+        System.out.println("Before rotate: " + list);
+        Collections.rotate(list, 2);
+        System.out.println("After rotate: " + list);
+    }
+
+    public static void hashtableKeys() {
+        Hashtable<Integer, String> hashtable = new Hashtable<>();
+        hashtable.put(1, "first");
+        hashtable.put(2, "second");
+        hashtable.put(3, "third");
+        Enumeration keys = hashtable.keys();
+        while (keys.hasMoreElements()) {
+            Object key = keys.nextElement();
+            System.out.println(String.valueOf(key) + ":" + hashtable.get(key));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void replace() {
+        String[] strings = "Python,Java,Ruby,Go,Java,Python".split(",");
+        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(strings));
+        System.out.println("Before replace: " + list);
+        Collections.replaceAll(list, "Python", "Py");
+        System.out.println("After replace: " + list);
+    }
+
+    public static void indexOfSubList() {
+        // 使用 Collections 类的 indexOfSubList() 和 lastIndexOfSubList() 方法来查看子列表是否在列表中，并查看子列表在列表中所在的位置
+        List<String> list = Arrays.asList("Python,Java,Ruby,Go,Java,Ruby,Python".split(","));
+        System.out.println(list);
+        List<String> subList = Arrays.asList("Java Ruby".split(" "));
+        System.out.println(subList);
+        System.out.println("IndexOfSubList: " + Collections.indexOfSubList(list, subList));
+        System.out.println("LastIndexOfSubList: " + Collections.lastIndexOfSubList(list, subList));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/DataExample.java b/src/tutorial/examples/DataExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2868aa2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/DataExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+package examples;
+
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.Queue;
+import java.util.Vector;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 06/07/2017.
+ */
+public class DataExample {
+    private static int index = 0;
+    private static long[] longArray = new long[10];
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        /* 数字求和运算 */
+        System.out.println(sum(100));
+
+        /* 在链表（LinkedList）的开头和结尾添加元素 */
+        /* 获取链表（LinkedList）的第一个和最后一个元素 */
+        first_last();
+
+        /* 删除链表中的元素 */
+        remove();
+
+        /* 获取向量元素的索引值 */
+        sort();
+
+        /* 栈的实现 */
+        push(100);
+        push(200);
+        push(300);
+        push(400);
+        push(500);
+        pop();
+        pop();
+        pop();
+        pop();
+        pop();
+
+        /* 链表元素查找 */
+        indexOf();
+
+        /* 队列（Queue）用法 */
+        queue();
+
+        /* 获取向量的最大元素 */
+        max();
+
+        /* 链表修改 */
+        set();
+
+        /* 交换向量 */
+        swap();
+
+    }
+
+    public static int sum(int count) {
+        int current = 0;
+        int sum = 0;
+        do {
+            sum = current + sum;
+            current++;
+        } while (current <= count);
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    public static void first_last() {
+        LinkedList linkedList = new LinkedList();
+        linkedList.add("1");
+        linkedList.add("2");
+        linkedList.addFirst("0");
+        linkedList.addLast("3");
+        System.out.println("LinkedList: " + linkedList);
+        System.out.println("LinkedList getFirst: " + linkedList.getFirst());
+        System.out.println("LinkedList getLast: " + linkedList.getLast());
+    }
+
+    public static void remove() {
+        LinkedList linkedList = new LinkedList();
+        linkedList.add("1");
+        linkedList.add("2");
+        linkedList.add("3");
+        linkedList.add("4");
+        System.out.println("LinkedList: " + linkedList);
+        linkedList.subList(1, 3).clear();
+        System.out.println("LinkedList after removal: " + linkedList);
+
+    }
+
+    public static void sort() {
+        Vector vector = new Vector();
+        vector.add("4");
+        vector.add("2");
+        vector.add("1");
+        vector.add("3");
+        System.out.println("Vector: " + vector);
+        int index1 = Collections.binarySearch(vector, "3");
+        System.out.println("Index of 3: " + index1);
+
+        Collections.sort(vector);
+        System.out.println("Vector sort: " + vector);
+
+        int index2 = Collections.binarySearch(vector, "3");
+        System.out.println("Index of 3: " + index2);
+    }
+
+    public static void printArray(long[] longs) {
+        for (long l : longs) {
+            System.out.print(l);
+            System.out.print(", ");
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+    }
+
+    public static void push(long l) {
+        longArray[index++] = l;
+        printArray(longArray);
+    }
+
+    public static void pop() {
+        long top = longArray[--index];
+        System.out.printf("%d is popped%n", top);
+    }
+
+    public static void indexOf() {
+        LinkedList linkedList = new LinkedList();
+        linkedList.add("A");
+        linkedList.add("B");
+        linkedList.add("C");
+        linkedList.add("D");
+        System.out.println("LinkedList: " + linkedList);
+        System.out.println("LinkedList index of C: " + linkedList.indexOf("C"));
+        System.out.println("LinkedList index of B: " + Collections.binarySearch(linkedList, "B"));
+    }
+
+    public static void queue() {
+        //add()和remove()方法在失败的时候会抛出异常(不推荐)
+        Queue queue = new LinkedList();
+        queue.offer("a");
+        queue.offer("b");
+        queue.offer("c");
+        System.out.println("queue: " + queue);
+        System.out.println("queue.poll返回第一个元素，并在队列中删除: " + queue.poll());
+        System.out.println("queue: " + queue);
+        System.out.println("queue.element返回第一个元素: " + queue.element());
+        System.out.println("queue: " + queue);
+        System.out.println("queue.peek返回第一个元素: " + queue.peek());
+        System.out.println("queue: " + queue);
+    }
+
+    public static void max() {
+        Vector v = new Vector();
+        v.add(new Double("3.14"));
+        v.add(new Double("3.141"));
+        v.add(new Double("3.1"));
+        System.out.println("Vector.max: " + Collections.max(v));
+    }
+
+    public static void set() {
+        LinkedList linkedList = new LinkedList();
+        linkedList.add("a");
+        linkedList.add("x");
+        linkedList.add("c");
+        System.out.println("LinkedList: " + linkedList);
+        linkedList.set(1, "b");
+        System.out.println("LinkedList: " + linkedList);
+    }
+
+    public static void swap() {
+        Vector v = new Vector();
+        v.add("1");
+        v.add("4");
+        v.add("3");
+        v.add("2");
+        v.add("5");
+        System.out.println("Vector before swap: " + v);
+        Collections.swap(v, 1, 3);
+        System.out.println("Vector after swap: " + v);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/DateExample.java b/src/tutorial/examples/DateExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c86f10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/DateExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package examples;
+
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Date;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 06/07/2017.
+ */
+public class DateExample {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        /* 格式化时间 */
+        /* 时间戳转换成时间 */
+        SimpleDateFormat();
+
+        /* 获取年份、月份等 */
+        Calendar();
+    }
+
+    public static void SimpleDateFormat() {
+        Date date = new Date();
+        Long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();  //获取当前时间戳
+        SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss a zzz");
+        System.out.println(simpleDateFormat.format(date));
+
+        // 时间戳转换成时间
+        String sd = simpleDateFormat.format(new Date(Long.parseLong(String.valueOf(timestamp))));
+        System.out.println(sd);
+    }
+
+    public static void Calendar() {
+        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
+        System.out.println("calendar.YEAR: " + calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR));
+        System.out.println("calendar.MONTH: " + calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH));
+        System.out.println("calendar.WEEK_OF_YEAR: " + calendar.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_YEAR));
+        System.out.println("calendar.WEEK_OF_MONTH: " + calendar.get(Calendar.WEEK_OF_MONTH));
+        System.out.println("calendar.DATE: " + calendar.get(Calendar.DATE));
+        System.out.println("calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR: " + calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_YEAR));
+        System.out.println("calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK: " + calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK));
+        System.out.println("calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH: " + calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH));
+        System.out.println("calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH: " + calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/FileExample.java b/src/tutorial/examples/FileExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e27c09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/FileExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+package examples;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.util.Date;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 09/07/2017.
+ */
+public class FileExample {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        File dir = new File("src/tutorial/examples");
+        File file = new File(dir.getPath() + File.separator + "file.txt");
+        File copy = new File(dir.getPath() + File.separator + "copy.txt");
+        File rename = new File(dir.getPath() + File.separator + "rename.txt");
+        File newFile = new File(dir.getPath() + File.separator + "new.txt");
+
+        /* 使用 write() 方法向文件写入内容 */
+        bufferedWriter();
+
+        /* 使用 readLine() 方法来读取文件内容 */
+        bufferedReader();
+
+        /* 使用 BufferedWriter 类的 read 和 write 方法将文件内容复制到另一个文件 */
+
+        copy(file, copy);
+
+        /* 使用 FileWriter 方法向文件中追加数据 */
+        append();
+
+        /* 使用 File 类的 createTempFile() 方法来创建临时文件 */
+        tmpFile(dir);
+
+        /* 使用 File 类的 fileToChange.lastModified() 和 fileToChange setLastModified() 方法来修改文件最后的修改日期 */
+        fileToChange(copy);
+
+        /* 使用 File 类的 file.exists() 和 file.length() 方法来获取文件大小，以字节计算（1KB=1024字节 ） */
+        length(file);
+        length(copy);
+
+        /* 使用 File 类的 oldName.renameTo(newName) 方法来重命名文件 */
+        rename(copy, rename);
+
+        /* 使用 File 类的 file.setReadOnly() 和 file.canWrite() 方法来设置文件只读 */
+        readOnly(rename);
+
+        /* 使用 File 类的 File() 构造函数和 file.createNewFile() 方法来创建一个新的文件 */
+        newFile(newFile);
+        newFile(rename);
+
+        /* 使用 File 类的 filename.compareTo (another filename) 方法来比较两个文件路径是否在同一个目录下 */
+        compareTo(newFile, rename);
+        compareTo(newFile, newFile);
+
+        /* 删除文件 */
+        delete(file);
+
+
+    }
+
+    public static void bufferedWriter() {
+        try {
+            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("src/tutorial/examples/file.txt"));
+            bufferedWriter.write("1. Java File Examples\n");
+            bufferedWriter.close();
+            System.out.println("文件创建成功！");
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void bufferedReader() {
+        try {
+            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("src/tutorial/examples/file.txt"));
+            String line;
+            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
+                System.out.println(line);
+            }
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void delete(File file) {
+        try {
+            if (file.delete()) {
+                System.out.println(file.getName() + " 文件已被删除！");
+            } else {
+                System.out.println("文件删除失败！");
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void copy(File from, File to) {
+        try {
+            InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(from);
+            OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(to);
+
+            byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
+            int len;
+            while ((len = inputStream.read(bytes)) > 0) {
+                outputStream.write(bytes, 0, len);
+            }
+            inputStream.close();
+            outputStream.close();
+
+            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("src/tutorial/examples/copy.txt"));
+            String line;
+            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
+                System.out.println("BufferedReader readLine: " + line);
+            }
+            bufferedReader.close();
+        } catch (FileNotFoundException f) {
+            f.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void append() {
+        try {
+            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("src/tutorial/examples/file.txt", true));
+            bufferedWriter.write("2. Append content to file");
+            bufferedWriter.close();
+
+            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("src/tutorial/examples/file.txt"));
+            String line;
+            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
+                System.out.println(line);
+            }
+            bufferedReader.close();
+        } catch (FileNotFoundException f) {
+            f.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void tmpFile(File dir) {
+        try {
+            File tmpFile = File.createTempFile("pattern", ".suffix", dir);
+            tmpFile.deleteOnExit();
+            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(tmpFile));
+            bufferedWriter.write("temp string");
+            System.out.println("临时文件已创建: " + tmpFile.getName());
+            bufferedWriter.close();
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void fileToChange(File file) {
+        Date time1 = new Date(file.lastModified());
+        System.out.println("lastModified1: " + time1);
+        try {
+            Thread.sleep(3000);
+        } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+        file.setLastModified(new Date().getTime());
+        Date time2 = new Date(file.lastModified());
+        System.out.println("lastModified2: " + time2);
+    }
+
+    public static void length(File file) {
+        if (file.exists()) {
+            System.out.println("file.length: " + file.length());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void rename(File file, File rename) {
+        try {
+            file.renameTo(rename);
+            System.out.printf("%s已重命名: %s%n", file.getName(), rename.getName());
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void readOnly(File file) {
+        System.out.printf("%s can be written: %s%n", file.getName(), file.canWrite());
+        file.setReadOnly();
+        System.out.printf("%s can be written: %s%n", file.getName(), file.canWrite());
+    }
+
+    public static void newFile(File file) {
+        try {
+            if (file.createNewFile()) {
+                System.out.println("New file created: " + file.getName());
+            } else {
+                System.out.printf("File %s already existed!%n", file.getName());
+            }
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void compareTo(File f1, File f2) {
+        int i = f1.compareTo(f2);
+        if (i == 0) {
+            System.out.printf("%s and %s share the file path%n", f1, f2);
+        } else {
+            System.out.printf("%s and %s have different file path%n", f1, f2);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/MethodExample.java b/src/tutorial/examples/MethodExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..151b983
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/MethodExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+package examples;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 08/07/2017.
+ */
+public class MethodExample {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        /* 斐波那契数列 */
+        System.out.println("fibonacci: " + fibonacci(2));
+
+        /* 阶乘 */
+        System.out.println("factorial: " + factorial(5));
+
+        /* instanceOf 关键字用法 */
+        instanceOf(3.14f);
+        instanceOf("String");
+
+        /* continue 关键字用法 */
+        continues();
+
+        /* enum 和 switch 语句使用 */
+        Language language = Language.Java;
+        enum_switch(language);
+
+        /* Enum（枚举）构造函数及方法的使用 */
+        try_enum();
+
+        /* Varargs 可变参数使用 */
+        int[] intArrays = {1, 3, 5};
+        System.out.println("Sum of variable args: " + varargs(intArrays));
+
+        /* 重载(overloading)方法中使用 Varargs */
+        double[] doubleArrays = {1.1, 2.2, 3.3};
+        System.out.println("Sum of variable args: " + varargs(doubleArrays));
+    }
+
+    public static List<Long> fibonacci(long count) {
+        List<Long> list = new ArrayList<>();
+        if (count <= 1) {
+            list.add(0l);
+            return list;
+        } else {
+            list.add(0l);
+            list.add(1l);
+            long next;
+            for (int i = 2; i < count; i++) {
+                next = list.get(i - 2) + list.get(i - 1);
+                list.add(next);
+            }
+        }
+        return list;
+    }
+
+    public static long factorial(long num) {
+        long result = 1;
+        if (num > 1) {
+            for (int i = 1; i <= num; i++) {
+                result = result * i;
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public static void instanceOf(Object o) {
+        if (o instanceof Integer) {
+            System.out.println("Object is instanceOf Integer");
+        } else if (o instanceof Float) {
+            System.out.println("Object is instanceOf Float");
+        } else if (o instanceof String) {
+            System.out.println("Object is instanceOf String");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void continues() {
+        StringBuffer searchstr = new StringBuffer("hello how are you. ");
+        int found = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < searchstr.length(); i++) {
+            if (searchstr.charAt(i) == 'h') {
+                found++;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        System.out.printf("%d 'h' found in 'hello how are you. '%n", found);
+    }
+
+    enum Language {
+        Java(1), Python(2), Go(3), Javascript(4);
+        private int id;
+
+        Language(int id) {
+            this.id = id;
+        }
+
+        public int getId() {
+            return this.id;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void enum_switch(Language language) {
+        switch (language) {
+            case Java:
+                System.out.println("Language: Java");
+                break;
+            case Python:
+                System.out.println("Language: Python");
+                break;
+            case Go:
+                System.out.println("Language: Go");
+                break;
+            case Javascript:
+                System.out.println("Language: Javascript");
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void try_enum() {
+        for (Language l : Language.values()) {
+            System.out.printf("%s: %d", l, l.getId());
+            System.out.println();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static int varargs(int... varargs) {
+        int sum = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < varargs.length; i++) {
+            sum += varargs[i];
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+
+    public static double varargs(double... varargs) {
+        double sum = 0;
+        for (double d : varargs) {
+            sum += d;
+        }
+        return sum;
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/NetworkExample.java b/src/tutorial/examples/NetworkExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b935dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/NetworkExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+package examples;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.net.*;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 10/07/2017.
+ */
+public class NetworkExample {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        File output = new File("src/tutorial/examples/output.html");
+
+        /* 获取指定主机的IP地址 */
+        InetAddress("www.jd.com");
+
+        /* 查看端口是否已使用 */
+        socketPort("127.0.0.1");
+
+        /* 获取本机ip地址及主机名 */
+        InetAddress_localhost();
+
+        /* 获取远程文件大小 */
+        getContentLength("http://www.runoob.com/wp-content/themes/runoob/assets/img/newlogo.png");
+
+        /* 使用 net.Socket 类的 getInetAddress() 方法来连接到指定主机 */
+        getInetAddress("www.jd.com");
+
+        /* 使用 net.URL 类的 URL() 构造函数来抓取网页 */
+        url_openStream("http://www.baidu.com", output);
+
+        /* 获取 URL 响应头信息 */
+        URLConnection_getDate("http://www.jd.com");
+
+        /* 获取 URL 响应头信息 */
+        URLConnection_getHeaderFields("http://www.jd.com");
+
+        /* 解析 URL */
+        url_info("http://www.runoob.com/html/html-tutorial.html");
+
+    }
+
+    public static void InetAddress(String hostName) {
+        InetAddress inetAddress = null;
+        try {
+            inetAddress = InetAddress.getByName(hostName);
+
+        } catch (UnknownHostException u) {
+            System.exit(2);
+        }
+        System.out.println(inetAddress.getHostName() + ": " + inetAddress.getHostAddress());
+    }
+
+    public static void socketPort(String host) {
+        Socket Skt;
+        for (int i = 8000; i < 8100; i++) {
+            try {
+                System.out.println("查看 " + i);
+                Skt = new Socket(host, i);
+                System.out.println("端口 " + i + " 已被使用");
+            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+                System.out.println("Exception occured" + e);
+                break;
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void InetAddress_localhost() {
+        InetAddress inetAddress = null;
+        try {
+            // 使用 InetAddress 类的 getLocalAddress() 方法获取本机ip地址及主机名
+            inetAddress = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
+        } catch (UnknownHostException u) {
+            u.printStackTrace();
+        }
+        System.out.println("LocalHost Name: " + inetAddress.getHostName());
+        System.out.println("LocalHost Address: " + inetAddress.getHostAddress());
+    }
+
+    public static void getContentLength(String URL) {
+        try {
+            URL url = new URL(URL);
+            URLConnection urlConnection = url.openConnection();
+            System.out.println("Content Length: " + urlConnection.getContentLength() + " Bytes");
+        } catch (MalformedURLException m) {
+            m.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void getInetAddress(String url) {
+        try {
+            Socket socket = new Socket(url, 80);
+            InetAddress inetAddress = socket.getInetAddress();
+            System.out.println("连接到: " + inetAddress);
+            socket.close();
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            System.out.println("无法连接到: " + url);
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void url_openStream(String URL, File output) {
+        try {
+            URL url = new URL(URL);
+            // InputStreamReader：是字节流通往字符流的桥梁，使用指定的charset读取字节并解码成字符
+            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(url.openStream()));
+            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(output));
+            String line;
+            while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
+                System.out.println(line);
+                bufferedWriter.write(line);
+                bufferedWriter.newLine();
+            }
+            bufferedWriter.close();
+            bufferedReader.close();
+        } catch (MalformedURLException m) {
+            m.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void URLConnection_getDate(String URL) {
+        try {
+            URL url = new URL(URL);
+            URLConnection urlConnection = url.openConnection();
+            long time = urlConnection.getDate();
+            if (time == 0) {
+                System.out.println("无法获取信息");
+            } else {
+                System.out.println("URLConnection.getDate: " + new Date(time));
+            }
+        } catch (MalformedURLException m) {
+            m.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void URLConnection_getHeaderFields(String URL) {
+        try {
+            URL url = new URL(URL);
+            URLConnection urlConnection = url.openConnection();
+            Map<String, List<String>> fields = urlConnection.getHeaderFields();
+            for (String key : fields.keySet()) {
+                System.out.printf("%s: %s%n", key, fields.get(key));
+            }
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void url_info(String URL) {
+        try {
+            URL url = new URL(URL);
+            System.out.println("URL: " + url.toString());
+            System.out.println("Protocol: " + url.getProtocol());
+            System.out.println("File: " + url.getFile());
+            System.out.println("Host: " + url.getHost());
+            System.out.println("Path: " + url.getPath());
+            System.out.println("Port: " + url.getPort());
+            System.out.println("Default port: " + url.getDefaultPort());
+        } catch (MalformedURLException m) {
+            m.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/Server.java b/src/tutorial/examples/Server.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb09ddd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/Server.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package examples;
+
+import java.io.*;
+import java.net.ServerSocket;
+import java.net.Socket;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 11/07/2017.
+ */
+public class Server {
+    /**
+     * 建立服务器端
+     * 服务器建立通信ServerSocket
+     * 服务器建立Socket接收客户端连接
+     * 建立IO输入流读取客户端发送的数据
+     * 建立IO输出流向客户端发送数据消息
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        try {
+            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
+            System.out.println("启动服务器...");
+            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
+            System.out.printf("客户端: %s 连接到服务器%n", socket.getInetAddress());
+
+            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
+            String msg = bufferedReader.readLine();
+            System.out.println("客户端: " + msg);
+
+            BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
+            bufferedWriter.write(msg + "\n");
+            bufferedWriter.flush();
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/StringExample.java b/src/tutorial/examples/StringExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..648a8cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/StringExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+package examples;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 05/07/2017.
+ */
+public class StringExample {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        /* 删除字符串中的一个字符 */
+        System.out.println(removeCharAt("Google", 2));
+
+        /* 字符串替换 */
+        replace();
+
+        /* 字符串反转 */
+        System.out.println(reverse("Java"));
+
+        /* 字符串搜索 */
+        System.out.println(search("Java", "v"));
+
+        /* 字符串分割 */
+        split("1,2,3", ",");
+
+        /* 字符串大小写转换 */
+        upper_lower("Java", 1);
+        upper_lower("Java", 2);
+
+        /* 测试两个字符串区域是否相等 */
+        regionMatches();
+
+        /* 字符串性能比较测试 */
+        comparePerformance();
+
+        /* 字符串格式化 */
+        format();
+
+    }
+
+
+    public static String removeCharAt(String s, Integer index) {
+        return s.substring(0, index) + s.substring(index + 1);
+    }
+
+    public static void replace() {
+        String str = "Hello World";
+        System.out.println(str.replace('H', 'W'));
+        System.out.println(str.replaceFirst("He", "Wa"));
+        System.out.println(str.replaceAll("He", "Ha"));
+    }
+
+    public static String reverse(String s) {
+        StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer(s);
+        String reversed = stringBuffer.reverse().toString();
+        return reversed;
+    }
+
+    public static Integer search(String s, String match) {
+        return s.indexOf(match);
+    }
+
+    public static void split(String s, String delimiter, Integer... limit) {
+        for (String string : s.split(delimiter, limit[0])) {
+            System.out.println(string);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void split(String s, String delimiter) {
+        split(s, delimiter, 0);
+    }
+
+    public static void upper_lower(String s, int uplow) {
+        String changed = "";
+        switch (uplow) {
+            case 1:
+                changed = s.toUpperCase();
+                break;
+            case 2:
+                changed = s.toLowerCase();
+                break;
+        }
+        System.out.println(changed);
+    }
+
+    public static void regionMatches() {
+        String s1 = "Java is best";
+        String s2 = "Best is java";
+        boolean matches1 = s1.regionMatches(0, "Java", 0, 4);
+        boolean matches2 = s2.regionMatches(true, 8, "Java", 0, 4);
+        System.out.println(matches1);
+        System.out.println(matches2);
+    }
+
+    public static void comparePerformance() {
+        long st1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50000; i++) {
+            String s1 = "java";
+        }
+        long et1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        System.out.println("Duration1: " + (et1 - st1));
+
+        long st2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        for (int i = 0; i < 50000; i++) {
+            String s2 = new String("java");
+        }
+        long et2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        System.out.println("Duration2: " + (et2 - st2));
+    }
+
+    public static void format() {
+        System.out.format("Math.E: %f%n", Math.E);
+        System.out.format(Locale.CHINA, "Math.E: %.4f%n", Math.E);  //指定本地为中国（CHINA）
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/ThreadExample.java b/src/tutorial/examples/ThreadExample.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..919a97a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/ThreadExample.java
@@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
+package examples;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 11/07/2017.
+ */
+public class ThreadExample extends Thread {
+    public static String obj1 = "obj1";
+    public static String obj2 = "obj2";
+    private String threadName;
+
+
+    public static final Semaphore s1 = new Semaphore(1);
+    public static final Semaphore s2 = new Semaphore(1);
+
+    public ThreadExample() {
+
+    }
+
+    public ThreadExample(String name) {
+        this.setName(name);
+    }
+
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        /* 通过继承 Thread 类并使用 isAlive() 方法来检测一个线程是否存活 */
+        is_Alive();
+        System.out.println();
+
+        /* 使用 currentThread.getState() 方法来监测线程的状态 */
+        get_State();
+        System.out.println();
+
+        /* 通过setPriority() 方法来设置线程的优先级 */
+        set_Priority();
+        System.out.println();
+
+        /* 线程挂起 */
+        thread_join();
+
+        /* 终止线程 */
+        thread_interrupt();
+
+        /* 通过线程解决生产者/消费者问题 */
+        consumer_producer();
+
+        /* 死锁及解决方法 */
+        lock_run();
+        System.out.println();
+    }
+
+    public void run() {
+        try {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                printMsg();
+            }
+            Thread.sleep(3000);  //使用interrupt方法，sleep方法将抛出一个InterruptedException例外
+        } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+            System.out.println(i.getMessage());
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    public static void printMsg() {
+        Thread thread = Thread.currentThread();
+        String name = thread.getName();  //使用 getName() 方法来获取当前线程名称
+        System.out.println("Thread: " + name + ", ID: " + thread.getId());
+    }
+
+    public static void showThreadStatus(Thread thread) {
+        System.out.printf("Thread %s status: %s%n", thread.getName(), thread.getState());
+    }
+
+    public static void is_Alive() {
+        ThreadExample threadExample = new ThreadExample("Thread-isAlive");
+        System.out.println(threadExample.getName() + " before start: " + threadExample.isAlive());
+        threadExample.start();
+        System.out.println(threadExample.getName() + " after start: " + threadExample.isAlive());
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            printMsg();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void get_State() {
+        try {
+            ThreadExample threadExample = new ThreadExample("Thread-getState");
+            showThreadStatus(threadExample);
+
+            threadExample.start();
+            Thread.sleep(1000);
+            showThreadStatus(threadExample);
+        } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void set_Priority() {
+        try {
+            ThreadExample threadExampleMax = new ThreadExample();
+            ThreadExample threadExampleMin = new ThreadExample();
+            threadExampleMax.setName("Thread-setPriority-max");
+            threadExampleMin.setName("Thread-setPriority-min");
+            threadExampleMax.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);
+            threadExampleMin.setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY);
+            threadExampleMax.start();
+            threadExampleMin.start();
+            showThreadStatus(threadExampleMax);
+            showThreadStatus(threadExampleMin);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void lock_run() {
+        LockA lockA = new LockA();
+        new Thread(lockA).start();
+        LockB lockB = new LockB();
+        new Thread(lockB).start();
+    }
+
+    public static void thread_join() {
+        try {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+                ThreadExample threadExample = new ThreadExample();
+                threadExample.setName("Thread-join");
+                threadExample.start();
+                threadExample.join();
+            }
+            System.out.println("线程已被挂起");
+        } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void thread_interrupt() {
+        try {
+            ThreadExample threadExample = new ThreadExample("Thread-interrupt");
+            threadExample.start();
+            System.out.println("在5秒之内按任意键中断线程!");
+            System.in.read();
+            threadExample.interrupt();
+            threadExample.join();
+            System.out.println("线程已经退出!");
+        } catch (IOException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void consumer_producer() {
+        CubbyHole cubbyHole = new CubbyHole();
+        Producer producer = new Producer(cubbyHole, 1);
+        Consumer consumer = new Consumer(cubbyHole, 1);
+        producer.start();
+        consumer.start();
+    }
+}
+
+class LockA implements Runnable {
+    public void run() {
+        try {
+            System.out.println(new Date().toString() + " LockA 开始执行");
+            while (true) {
+                if (ThreadExample.s1.tryAcquire(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
+                    System.out.println(new Date().toString() + " LockA 锁住obj1");
+                    Thread.sleep(3000);  // 此处等待是给B能锁住机会
+                    if (ThreadExample.s2.tryAcquire(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
+                        System.out.println(new Date().toString() + " LockA 锁住obj2");
+                        Thread.sleep(60 * 1000);  // 为测试，占用了就不放
+                    } else {
+                        System.out.println(new Date().toString() + " LockA 锁住obj2失败");
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    System.out.println(new Date().toString() + " LockA 锁住obj1失败");
+                }
+                ThreadExample.s1.release();  //释放
+                ThreadExample.s2.release();
+                Thread.sleep(1000);  //马上进行尝试，现实情况下do something是不确定的
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class LockB implements Runnable {
+    public void run() {
+        try {
+            System.out.println(new Date().toString() + " LockB 开始执行");
+            while (true) {
+                if (ThreadExample.s2.tryAcquire(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
+                    System.out.println(new Date().toString() + " LockB 锁住obj2");
+                    Thread.sleep(3000);  // 此处等待是给A能锁住机会
+                    if (ThreadExample.s1.tryAcquire(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
+                        System.out.println(new Date().toString() + " LockB 锁住obj1");
+                        Thread.sleep(60 * 1000);  // 为测试，占用了就不放
+                    } else {
+                        System.out.println(new Date().toString() + " LockB 锁住obj1失败");
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    System.out.println(new Date().toString() + " LockB 锁住obj2失败");
+                }
+                ThreadExample.s1.release();
+                ThreadExample.s2.release();
+                Thread.sleep(1000);  //这里只是为了演示，所以tryAcquire只用1秒，而且B要给A让出能执行的时间，否则两个永远是死锁
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class CubbyHole {
+    private int contents;
+    private boolean available = false;
+
+    public synchronized int get() {
+        while (available == false) {
+            try {
+                wait();
+            } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+                i.printStackTrace();
+            }
+        }
+        available = false;
+        notifyAll();
+        return contents;
+    }
+
+    public synchronized void put(int value) {
+        while (available == true) {
+            try {
+                wait();
+            } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+                i.printStackTrace();
+            }
+        }
+        contents = value;
+        available = true;
+        notifyAll();
+    }
+
+}
+
+class Consumer extends Thread {
+    private CubbyHole cubbyHole;
+    private int number;
+
+    Consumer(CubbyHole cubbyHole, int number) {
+        this.cubbyHole = cubbyHole;
+        this.number = number;
+    }
+
+    public void run() {
+        int value;
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            value = cubbyHole.get();
+            System.out.println("消费者 #" + this.number + " got: " + value);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+class Producer extends Thread {
+    private CubbyHole cubbyHole;
+    private int number;
+
+    Producer(CubbyHole cubbyHole, int number) {
+        this.cubbyHole = cubbyHole;
+        this.number = number;
+    }
+
+    public void run() {
+        try {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+                cubbyHole.put(i);
+                System.out.println("生产者 #" + this.number + " put: " + i);
+                Thread.sleep(1000);
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        }
+
+    }
+}
+
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/new.txt b/src/tutorial/examples/new.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/output.html b/src/tutorial/examples/output.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66abd93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/output.html
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<!--STATUS OK--><html> <head><meta http-equiv=content-type content=text/html;charset=utf-8><meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content=IE=Edge><meta content=always name=referrer><link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=http://s1.bdstatic.com/r/www/cache/bdorz/baidu.min.css><title>百度一下，你就知道</title></head> <body link=#0000cc> <div id=wrapper> <div id=head> <div class=head_wrapper> <div class=s_form> <div class=s_form_wrapper> <div id=lg> <img hidefocus=true src=//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png width=270 height=129> </div> <form id=form name=f action=//www.baidu.com/s class=fm> <input type=hidden name=bdorz_come value=1> <input type=hidden name=ie value=utf-8> <input type=hidden name=f value=8> <input type=hidden name=rsv_bp value=1> <input type=hidden name=rsv_idx value=1> <input type=hidden name=tn value=baidu><span class="bg s_ipt_wr"><input id=kw name=wd class=s_ipt value maxlength=255 autocomplete=off autofocus></span><span class="bg s_btn_wr"><input type=submit id=su value=百度一下 class="bg s_btn"></span> </form> </div> </div> <div id=u1> <a href=http://news.baidu.com name=tj_trnews class=mnav>新闻</a> <a href=http://www.hao123.com name=tj_trhao123 class=mnav>hao123</a> <a href=http://map.baidu.com name=tj_trmap class=mnav>地图</a> <a href=http://v.baidu.com name=tj_trvideo class=mnav>视频</a> <a href=http://tieba.baidu.com name=tj_trtieba class=mnav>贴吧</a> <noscript> <a href=http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&amp;tpl=mn&amp;u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2f%3fbdorz_come%3d1 name=tj_login class=lb>登录</a> </noscript> <script>document.write('<a href="http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&tpl=mn&u='+ encodeURIComponent(window.location.href+ (window.location.search === "" ? "?" : "&")+ "bdorz_come=1")+ '" name="tj_login" class="lb">登录</a>');</script> <a href=//www.baidu.com/more/ name=tj_briicon class=bri style="display: block;">更多产品</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id=ftCon> <div id=ftConw> <p id=lh> <a href=http://home.baidu.com>关于百度</a> <a href=http://ir.baidu.com>About Baidu</a> </p> <p id=cp>&copy;2017&nbsp;Baidu&nbsp;<a href=http://www.baidu.com/duty/>使用百度前必读</a>&nbsp; <a href=http://jianyi.baidu.com/ class=cp-feedback>意见反馈</a>&nbsp;京ICP证030173号&nbsp; <img src=//www.baidu.com/img/gs.gif> </p> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
diff --git a/src/tutorial/examples/rename.txt b/src/tutorial/examples/rename.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51eec85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/examples/rename.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+1. Java File Examples
diff --git a/src/tutorial/file/Files.java b/src/tutorial/file/Files.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..368d5b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/file/Files.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package file;
+
+import java.io.*;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 28/06/2017.
+ */
+public class Files {
+    public static void Files_FileOutputStream() throws IOException {
+        String filePath = System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator + "failCount.properties";
+
+        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(filePath);  // 构建FileOutputStream对象,文件不存在会自动新建
+        // 构建OutputStreamWriter对象,参数可以指定编码,默认为操作系统默认编码,windows上是gbk
+        OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(fos, "UTF-8");
+
+        char[] content = {'中', '文', '输', '入'};
+        for (int i = 0; i < content.length; i++) {
+            writer.append(content[i]);  // writes the bytes
+        }
+        writer.close();  //关闭写入流,同时会把缓冲区内容写入文件,所以上面的注释掉
+        fos.close();  // 关闭输出流,释放系统资源
+    }
+
+    public static void Files_FileInputStream() throws IOException {
+        String filePath = System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator + "failCount.properties";
+
+        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(filePath);  // 构建FileInputStream对象
+        // 构建InputStreamReader对象,编码与写入相同
+        // InputStreamReader：是字节流通往字符流的桥梁，使用指定的charset读取字节并解码成字符
+        InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(fis, "UTF-8");
+
+        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
+        while (reader.ready()) {
+            buffer.append((char) reader.read());  // 转成char加到StringBuffer对象中
+        }
+        System.out.printf("FileInputStream.read(): %d%n", fis.read());
+        System.out.println("StringBuffer append char from InputStreamReader: " + buffer.toString());
+        reader.close();  // 关闭读取流
+        fis.close();  // 关闭输入流,释放系统资源
+    }
+
+    public static void Files_mkdirs() {
+        String filePath = System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator + "/tmp/tmp";
+        File f = new File(filePath);
+        System.out.println("mkdir: " + f.mkdir());
+        System.out.println("mkdirs: " + f.mkdirs());  // mkdirs()方法创建一个文件夹和它的所有父文件夹
+    }
+
+    public static void Files_list() {
+        String filePath = System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator + "src/tutorial";
+        File f = new File(filePath);
+        if (f.isDirectory()) {
+            System.out.println("目录: " + f.getName());
+            for (String fileName : f.list()) {
+                File file = new File(filePath + "/" + fileName);
+                if (!file.isDirectory()) {
+                    System.out.println("文件: " + file.getName());
+                } else {
+                    System.out.println("目录: " + file.getName());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void Files_delete() {
+        String filePath = System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator + "/tmp/tmp";
+        File file = new File(filePath);
+        System.out.println("File.delete(): " + file.delete());
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
+        System.out.println(System.getProperties());
+        Files_FileOutputStream();
+        Files_FileInputStream();
+        Files_mkdirs();
+        Files_list();
+        Files_delete();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/file/Serializables.java b/src/tutorial/file/Serializables.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5686a62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/file/Serializables.java
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+package file;
+
+import employee.Employee;
+
+import java.io.*;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 02/07/2017.
+ */
+public class Serializables {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        serialize();
+        deserialize();
+    }
+
+    public static void serialize() {
+        /**
+         * ObjectOutputStream 类用来序列化一个对象
+         * 如下例子实例化了一个 Employee 对象，并将该对象序列化到一个文件中。
+         */
+        Employee employee = new Employee("Austin");
+        employee.setAge(30);
+        employee.setDesignation("Engineer");
+        employee.setSalary(30000);
+
+        try {
+            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("src/tutorial/file/employee.ser");
+            ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(fileOutputStream);
+            objectOutputStream.writeObject(employee);
+            objectOutputStream.close();
+            fileOutputStream.close();
+            System.out.println("Serialized data is saved as: src/tutorial/file/employee.ser");
+
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static void deserialize() {
+        /**
+         * 下面的 DeserializeDemo 程序实例了反序列化，employee.ser 存储了 Employee 对象。
+         */
+        Employee employee;
+        try {
+            FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("src/tutorial/file/employee.ser");
+            ObjectInputStream objectInputStream = new ObjectInputStream(fileInputStream);
+            employee = (Employee) objectInputStream.readObject();  //readObject() 方法的返回值被转化成 Employee 引用
+            objectInputStream.close();
+            fileInputStream.close();
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            return;
+        } catch (ClassNotFoundException c) {
+            /**
+             对于 JVM 可以反序列化对象，它必须是能够找到字节码的类。
+             如果JVM在反序列化对象的过程中找不到该类，则抛出一个 ClassNotFoundException 异常
+             */
+            c.printStackTrace();
+            return;
+        }
+        System.out.println("Deserialize Employee...");
+        System.out.println("Employee name: " + employee.getName());
+        System.out.println("Employee age: " + employee.getAge());
+        System.out.println("Employee designation: " + employee.getDesignation());
+        System.out.println("Employee salary: " + employee.getSalary());
+
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/file/employee.ser b/src/tutorial/file/employee.ser
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..59881c7
Binary files /dev/null and b/src/tutorial/file/employee.ser differ
diff --git a/src/tutorial/java8/BASE64.java b/src/tutorial/java8/BASE64.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67b3787
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/java8/BASE64.java
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package java8;
+
+import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
+import java.util.Base64;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 14/07/2017.
+ */
+public class BASE64 {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        try {
+            /**使用基本编码
+             * 基本：输出被映射到一组字符A-Za-z0-9+/，编码不添加任何行标，输出的解码仅支持A-Za-z0-9+/。
+             */
+            String base64encodedString = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString("oracle?java8".getBytes("UTF-8"));
+            System.out.println("Base64编码字符串（基本）: " + base64encodedString);
+
+            // 解码
+            byte[] base64decodedBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64encodedString);
+            System.out.println("Base64解码: " + new String(base64decodedBytes, "UTF-8"));
+
+            /**使用URL编码
+             * URL：输出映射到一组字符A-Za-z0-9+_，输出是URL和文件。
+             */
+            base64encodedString = Base64.getUrlEncoder().encodeToString("TutorialsPoint?java8".getBytes("UTF-8"));
+            System.out.println("Base64编码字符串（url）: " + base64encodedString);
+
+
+            StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
+            String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
+            System.out.println("Random uuid: " + uuid);
+            stringBuilder.append(uuid);
+
+            /**使用MIME编码
+             * MIME：输出隐射到MIME友好格式。输出每行不超过76字符，并且使用'\r'并跟随'\n'作为分割。编码输出最后没有行分割。
+             */
+            byte[] mimeBytes = stringBuilder.toString().getBytes("UTF-8");
+            base64encodedString = Base64.getMimeEncoder().encodeToString(mimeBytes);
+            System.out.println("Base64编码字符串（MIME）: " + base64encodedString);
+        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException u) {
+            u.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/java8/DefaultMethod.java b/src/tutorial/java8/DefaultMethod.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9993f99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/java8/DefaultMethod.java
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package java8;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 13/07/2017.
+ */
+public class DefaultMethod implements Bus, Jet {
+    /**
+     * 默认方法就是接口可以有实现方法，而且不需要实现类去实现其方法。
+     * 我们只需在方法名前面加个default关键字即可实现默认方法
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        DefaultMethod defaultMethod = new DefaultMethod();
+        defaultMethod.printSelf();
+        Bus.blowHorn();
+    }
+
+    //使用 super 来调用指定接口的默认方法：
+    public void printSelf() {
+        Bus.super.printSelf();
+    }
+}
+
+interface Bus {
+    default void printSelf() {
+        System.out.println("I'm bus");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Java 8 的另一个特性是接口可以声明（并且可以提供实现）静态方法
+     */
+    static void blowHorn() {
+        System.out.println("按喇叭!!!");
+    }
+}
+
+interface Jet {
+    default void printSelf() {
+        System.out.println("I'm jet");
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/tutorial/java8/FunctionalInterface.java b/src/tutorial/java8/FunctionalInterface.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a9bb8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/java8/FunctionalInterface.java
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package java8;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 13/07/2017.
+ */
+public class FunctionalInterface {
+    /**
+     * 函数式接口(Functional Interface)就是一个具有一个方法的普通接口。
+     * 函数式接口可以被隐式转换为lambda表达式。
+     * 函数式接口可以现有的函数友好地支持 lambda。
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        List<Integer> integerList = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9);
+        integerList.forEach(System.out::println);
+
+        System.out.println("输出所有数据:");
+        /**
+         * Predicate<Integer> predicate = n -> true
+         * n 是一个参数传递到 Predicate 接口的 test 方法
+         * n 如果存在则 test 方法返回 true
+         */
+        eval(integerList, n -> true);
+
+        System.out.println("输出所有偶数:");
+        /**
+         * Predicate<Integer> predicate1 = n -> n%2 == 0
+         * n 是一个参数传递到 Predicate 接口的 test 方法
+         * 如果 n%2 为 0 test 方法返回 true
+         */
+        eval(integerList, n -> n % 2 == 0);
+
+        System.out.println("输出大于3的数字:");
+        /**
+         * Predicate<Integer> predicate1 = n -> n%2 == 0
+         * n 是一个参数传递到 Predicate 接口的 test 方法
+         * 如果 n大于3 test 方法返回 true
+         */
+        eval(integerList, n -> n > 3);
+
+    }
+
+    public static void eval(List<Integer> list, Predicate<Integer> predicate) {
+        /**
+         * Predicate <T> 接口是一个函数式接口，它接受一个输入参数 T，返回一个布尔值结果。
+         * 该接口包含多种默认方法来将Predicate组合成其他复杂的逻辑（比如：与，或，非）。
+         * 该接口用于测试对象是 true 或 false。
+         */
+        for (Integer i : list) {
+            if (predicate.test(i)) {
+                System.out.print(i + " ");
+            }
+        }
+        System.out.println();
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/java8/Lambda.java b/src/tutorial/java8/Lambda.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7dc3938
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/java8/Lambda.java
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package java8;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 12/07/2017.
+ */
+public class Lambda {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        List<String> names = new ArrayList<>();
+        names.add("Google");
+        names.add("Bing");
+        names.add("JD");
+
+        sort_java7(names);
+        sort_java8(names);
+
+        tryLambda();
+    }
+
+    public static void sort_java7(List<String> list) {
+        Collections.sort(list, new Comparator<String>() {
+            @Override
+            public int compare(String o1, String o2) {
+                return o1.compareTo(o2);
+            }
+        });
+        System.out.println(list);
+    }
+
+    // Lambda允许把函数作为一个方法的参数
+    public static void sort_java8(List<String> list) {
+        Collections.sort(list, (s1, s2) -> s1.compareTo(s2));
+//        Collections.sort(list, String::compareTo);
+        System.out.println(list);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Lambda 表达式主要用来定义行内执行的方法类型接口. 例如，一个简单方法接口。
+     * 在下面例子中，我们使用各种类型的Lambda表达式来定义MathOperation接口的方法。
+     * 然后我们定义了sayMessage的执行。
+     */
+    public static void tryLambda() {
+        // 类型声明
+        MathOperation addition = (int a, int b) -> a + b;
+        // 不用类型声明
+        MathOperation subtract = (a, b) -> a - b;
+        // 大括号中的返回语句
+        MathOperation multiply = (a, b) -> {
+            return a * b;
+        };
+        // 没有大括号及返回语句
+        MathOperation divide = (a, b) -> a / b;
+
+        System.out.println("10 + 20 = " + operate(10, 20, addition));
+        System.out.println("20 - 10 = " + operate(20, 10, subtract));
+        System.out.println("10 * 20 = " + operate(10, 20, multiply));
+        System.out.println("20 / 10 = " + operate(20, 10, divide));
+
+        GreetingService greetingService1 = message -> System.out.println("Hi, " + message);  // 不用括号
+        GreetingService greetingService2 = (message) -> System.out.println("Greetings, " + message);  // 用括号
+        greetingService1.sayMessage("Google");
+        greetingService2.sayMessage("Apple");
+    }
+
+    private static int operate(int a, int b, MathOperation mathOperation) {
+        return mathOperation.operation(a, b);
+    }
+
+    interface MathOperation {
+        int operation(int a, int b);
+    }
+
+    interface GreetingService {
+        void sayMessage(String message);
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/java8/MethodReference.java b/src/tutorial/java8/MethodReference.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71f44b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/java8/MethodReference.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package java8;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.Supplier;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 13/07/2017.
+ */
+public class MethodReference {
+    /**
+     * 方法引用通过方法的名字来指向一个方法。
+     * 方法引用可以使语言的构造更紧凑简洁，减少冗余代码。
+     * 方法引用使用一对冒号(::)。
+     * 下面，我们以定义了4个方法的Car这个类作为例子，区分Java中支持的4种不同的方法引用
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // 构造器引用：它的语法是Class::new，或者更一般的Class< T >::new实例如下：
+        Car car = Car.create(Car::new);
+        List<Car> cars = Arrays.asList(car);
+
+        // 静态方法引用：它的语法是Class::static_method，实例如下：
+        cars.forEach(Car::collide);
+
+        // 特定类的任意对象的方法引用：它的语法是Class::method实例如下：
+        cars.forEach(Car::repair);
+
+        // 特定对象的方法引用：它的语法是instance::method实例如下
+        Car police = Car.create(Car::new);
+        cars.forEach(police::follow);
+
+        // 将 System.out::println 方法作为静态方法来引用。
+        cars.forEach(System.out::println);
+    }
+}
+
+class Car {
+    static Car create(Supplier<Car> supplier) {
+        return supplier.get();
+    }
+
+    static void collide(Car car) {
+        System.out.println("Collided: " + car.toString());
+    }
+
+    void follow(Car another) {
+        System.out.println(this + " following: " + another.toString());
+    }
+
+    void repair() {
+        System.out.println("Repairing: " + this.toString());
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/tutorial/java8/Optionals.java b/src/tutorial/java8/Optionals.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..189f064
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/java8/Optionals.java
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package java8;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 13/07/2017.
+ */
+public class Optionals {
+    /**
+     * Optional 类是一个可以为null的容器对象。如果值存在则isPresent()方法会返回true，调用get()方法会返回该对象。
+     * Optional 是个容器：它可以保存类型T的值，或者仅仅保存null。Optional提供很多有用的方法，这样我们就不用显式进行空值检测。
+     * Optional 类的引入很好的解决空指针异常。
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        Integer value1 = null;
+        Integer value2 = new Integer(10);
+
+        // Optional.ofNullable - 允许传递为 null 参数
+        Optional<Integer> a = Optional.ofNullable(value1);
+        Optional<Integer> b = Optional.of(value2);
+
+        System.out.println("a + b = " + sum(a, b));
+
+    }
+
+    public static Integer sum(Optional<Integer> a, Optional<Integer> b) {
+        // Optional.isPresent - 判断值是否存在
+        System.out.println("第一个参数值存在: " + a.isPresent());
+        System.out.println("第二个参数值存在: " + b.isPresent());
+
+        // Optional.orElse - 如果值存在，返回它，否则返回默认值
+        Integer value1 = a.orElse(new Integer(1));
+        Integer value2 = b.get();
+
+        return value1 + value2;
+    }
+
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/java8/Stream.java b/src/tutorial/java8/Stream.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c45eee5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/java8/Stream.java
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+package java8;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.IntSummaryStatistics;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 13/07/2017.
+ */
+public class Stream {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        /**
+         * Java 8 API添加了一个新的抽象称为流Stream，可以让你以一种声明的方式处理数据。
+         * Stream 使用一种类似用 SQL 语句从数据库查询数据的直观方式来提供一种对 Java 集合运算和表达的高阶抽象。
+         * Stream API可以极大提供Java程序员的生产力，让程序员写出高效率、干净、简洁的代码。
+         * 这种风格将要处理的元素集合看作一种流， 流在管道中传输， 并且可以在管道的节点上进行处理， 比如筛选， 排序，聚合等
+         * 元素流在管道中经过中间操作（intermediate operation）的处理，最后由最终操作(terminal operation)得到前面处理的结果。
+         *
+         * | stream of elements +-----> |filter+-> |sorted+-> |map+-> |collect|
+         */
+
+
+        // stream() − 为集合创建串行流。
+        stream();
+
+        /* Stream 提供了新的方法 'forEach' 来迭代流中的每个数据。以下代码片段使用 forEach 输出了10个随机数 */
+        /* limit 方法用于获取指定数量的流。 以下代码片段使用 limit 方法打印出 5 条数据 */
+        foreach_limit(5);
+
+        /* map 方法用于映射每个元素到对应的结果，以下代码片段使用 map 输出了元素对应的平方数 */
+        map();
+
+        /*filter 方法用于通过设置的条件过滤出元素。以下代码片段使用 filter 方法过滤出空字符串 */
+        filter();
+
+        /* sorted 方法用于对流进行排序。以下代码片段使用 sorted 方法对输出的 5 个随机数进行排序 */
+        sort(5);
+
+        /* parallelStream 是流并行处理程序的代替方法。以下实例我们使用 parallelStream 来输出空字符串的数量 */
+        parallelStream();
+
+        /* Collectors 类实现了很多归约操作，例如将流转换成集合和聚合元素。Collectors 可用于返回列表或字符串 */
+        collectors();
+
+        /* 另外，一些产生统计结果的收集器也非常有用。它们主要用于int、double、long等基本类型上，它们可以用来产生类似如下的统计结果 */
+        summaryStatistics();
+    }
+
+    public static void stream() {
+        List<String> list = Arrays.asList("abc", "", "bc", "efg", "abd", "", "jkl");
+        List<String> filtered = list.stream().filter(string -> !list.isEmpty()).collect(Collectors.toList());
+        filtered.forEach(System.out::println);
+    }
+
+    public static void foreach_limit(int limit) {
+        Random random = new Random();
+        random.ints().limit(limit).forEach(System.out::println);
+    }
+
+    public static void map() {
+        List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(3, 2, 2, 3, 7, 3, 5);
+        List<Integer> squares = list.stream().map(x -> x * x).distinct().collect(Collectors.toList());
+        squares.forEach(System.out::println);
+    }
+
+    public static void filter() {
+        List<Integer> list = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7);
+        List<Integer> filtered = list.stream().filter(i -> i == 7).collect(Collectors.toList());
+        filtered.forEach(System.out::println);
+    }
+
+    public static void sort(int limit) {
+        Random random = new Random();
+        random.ints().limit(limit).sorted().forEach(System.out::println);
+
+        List<String> list = Arrays.asList("abc", "", "bc", "efg", "abd", "", "jkl");
+        List<String> sorted = list.stream().sorted(String::compareTo).collect(Collectors.toList());
+        System.out.println("sorted string list: " + sorted);
+    }
+
+    public static void parallelStream() {
+        List<String> list = Arrays.asList("abc", "", "bc", "efg", "abcd", "", "jkl");
+        long count = list.parallelStream().filter(string -> string.isEmpty()).count();
+        System.out.println("Empty string: " + count);
+    }
+
+    public static void collectors() {
+        List<String> list = Arrays.asList("abc", "", "bc", "efg", "abcd", "", "jkl");
+        List filtered = list.stream().filter(string -> !string.isEmpty()).collect(Collectors.toList());
+        System.out.println("Collectors返回列表: " + filtered);
+
+        String merged = list.stream().filter(string -> !string.isEmpty()).collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
+        System.out.println("Collectors返回字符串: " + merged);
+    }
+
+    public static void summaryStatistics() {
+        List<Integer> numbers = Arrays.asList(3, 2, 2, 3, 7, 3, 5);
+        IntSummaryStatistics intSummaryStatistics = numbers.stream().mapToInt(x -> x).summaryStatistics();
+        System.out.println("列表中最大的数: " + intSummaryStatistics.getMax());
+        System.out.println("列表中最小的数: " + intSummaryStatistics.getMin());
+        System.out.println("所有数之和: " + intSummaryStatistics.getSum());
+        System.out.println("平均数: " + intSummaryStatistics.getAverage());
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/java8/Time.java b/src/tutorial/java8/Time.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..10f9392
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/java8/Time.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package java8;
+
+import java.time.*;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 14/07/2017.
+ */
+public class Time {
+    /**
+     * Java 8 在 java.time 包下提供了很多新的 API。以下为两个比较重要的 API：
+     * Local(本地) − 简化了日期时间的处理，没有时区的问题。
+     * Zoned(时区) − 通过制定的时区处理日期时间。
+     * <p>
+     * 新的java.time包涵盖了所有处理日期，时间，日期/时间，时区，时刻（instants），过程（during）与时钟（clock）的操作。
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+
+        /* 本地化日期时间 API */
+        localDateTime();
+
+        /* 使用时区的日期时间API */
+        zonedDateTime();
+    }
+
+    public static void localDateTime() {
+        // LocalDateTime
+        LocalDateTime localDateTime = LocalDateTime.now();
+        System.out.println("LocalDataTime.now: " + localDateTime);
+        System.out.println("Month: " + localDateTime.getMonth());
+        System.out.println("Day: " + localDateTime.getDayOfMonth());
+        System.out.println("Minute: " + localDateTime.getMinute());
+        System.out.println("Seconds: " + localDateTime.getSecond());
+        LocalDateTime localDateTime1 = localDateTime.withDayOfMonth(15).withYear(2018);
+        System.out.println("LocalDateTime1: " + localDateTime1);
+
+        // LocalDate
+        LocalDate localDate = localDateTime.toLocalDate();
+        System.out.println("LocalDate: " + localDate);
+        LocalDate localDate1 = LocalDate.of(2019, 8, 15);
+        System.out.println("LocalDate1: " + localDate1);
+
+        // LocalTime
+        LocalTime localTime = LocalTime.now();
+        System.out.println("LocalTime.now: " + localTime);
+        LocalTime localTime1 = LocalTime.of(12, 15);
+        System.out.println("LocalTime1: " + localTime1);
+        LocalTime localTime2 = LocalTime.parse("13:15:30");
+        System.out.println("Parse local time hour: " + localTime2.getHour());
+    }
+
+    public static void zonedDateTime() {
+        ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.now();
+        System.out.println("ZonedDateTime: " + zonedDateTime);
+
+        ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime1 = ZonedDateTime.parse("2018-08-15T13:24:46.506+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]");
+        System.out.println("Parse zoned dat time zone: " + zonedDateTime1.getZone());
+
+        ZoneId zoneId = ZoneId.of("Europe/Paris");
+        System.out.println("ZonedId: " + zoneId);
+
+        ZoneId currentZone = ZoneId.systemDefault();
+        System.out.println("ZonedId.systemDefault: " + currentZone);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/mails/JavaMail.java b/src/tutorial/mails/JavaMail.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d10dd5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/mails/JavaMail.java
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+package mails;
+
+import javax.activation.DataHandler;
+import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
+import javax.mail.*;
+import javax.mail.internet.*;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.security.Security;
+import java.util.Properties;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 03/07/2017.
+ */
+public class JavaMail {
+    private String to = "";
+    private String from = "";
+    private String password = "";
+    private String host = "";
+    private Properties properties = System.getProperties();
+    private boolean debug = false;
+
+    public JavaMail(boolean debug) {
+        InputStream in = JavaMail.class.getResourceAsStream("smtp.properties");
+        try {
+            properties.load(in);
+            to = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.send.to");
+            from = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.username");
+            password = properties.getProperty("mail.sender.password");
+            host = properties.getProperty("mail.smtp.host");
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+        this.debug = debug;
+    }
+
+
+    public void init() {
+        //设置SSL连接、邮件环境
+        Security.addProvider(new com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Provider());
+        final String SSL_FACTORY = "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory";
+        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);  // 设置邮件服务器
+        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
+        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", SSL_FACTORY);
+        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback", "false");
+        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.port", "465");
+        properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465");
+    }
+
+    public void plain_mail(String subject, String text) {
+        init();
+        // 获取默认session对象
+        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
+            @Override
+            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
+                return new PasswordAuthentication(from, password);
+            }
+        });
+
+        session.setDebug(debug);
+
+        try {
+            MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);
+            mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
+            mimeMessage.addRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
+
+            mimeMessage.setSubject(subject);
+            mimeMessage.setText(text);  // 设置消息体
+            Transport.send(mimeMessage);
+            System.out.println("Sent plain message successfully....");
+        } catch (AddressException a) {
+            a.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (MessagingException m) {
+            m.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void html_mail(String subject, String content) {
+        init();
+        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
+            @Override
+            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
+                return new PasswordAuthentication(from, password);
+            }
+        });
+
+        session.setDebug(debug);
+
+        try {
+            MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);
+            mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
+            mimeMessage.addRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
+            mimeMessage.setSubject(subject);
+            mimeMessage.setContent(content, "text/html");  // 发送 HTML 消息, 可以插入html标签
+            Transport.send(mimeMessage);
+            System.out.println("Sent html message successfully....");
+        } catch (AddressException a) {
+            a.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (MessagingException m) {
+            m.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void attachment_mail(String subject, String text, String filePath) {
+        init();
+        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {
+            @Override
+            protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
+                return new PasswordAuthentication(from, password);
+            }
+        });
+
+        session.setDebug(debug);
+
+        try {
+            // 创建默认的 MimeMessage 对象
+            MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);
+            mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
+            mimeMessage.addRecipient(MimeMessage.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));
+            mimeMessage.setSubject(subject);
+
+            // 创建消息部分
+            BodyPart bodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
+            bodyPart.setText(text);
+
+            // 设置文本消息部分
+            FileDataSource fileDataSource = new FileDataSource(filePath);
+            bodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fileDataSource));
+            bodyPart.setFileName(filePath);
+
+            // 创建多重消息
+            Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
+            multipart.addBodyPart(bodyPart);
+
+            // 发送完整消息
+            mimeMessage.setContent(multipart);
+
+            // 发送消息
+            Transport.send(mimeMessage);
+            System.out.println("Sent attachment message successfully....");
+
+        } catch (MessagingException m) {
+            m.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/mails/TestMail.java b/src/tutorial/mails/TestMail.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e058be4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/mails/TestMail.java
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package mails;
+
+import java.io.File;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 04/07/2017.
+ */
+public class TestMail {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        JavaMail javaMail = new JavaMail(true);
+        javaMail.plain_mail("Java smtp testing with plain content", "Plain Message using JavaMail");
+        javaMail.html_mail("Java smtp testing with html content", "<h1>HTML Message using JavaMail</h1>");
+
+        String filePath = System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator + "pom.xml";
+        javaMail.attachment_mail("Java smtp testing with attachment content", "Plain text with attachment", filePath);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/mails/smtp.properties b/src/tutorial/mails/smtp.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca102a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/mails/smtp.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+mail.smtp.host=smtp.qq.com
+mail.sender.username=82740301@qq.com
+mail.sender.password=xpagwzokxmdzbjcb
+mail.sender.send.to=oliver19830714@gmail.com
diff --git a/src/tutorial/threading/CallableDemo.java b/src/tutorial/threading/CallableDemo.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61a16e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/threading/CallableDemo.java
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package threading;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 05/07/2017.
+ */
+public class CallableDemo implements Callable {
+    /**
+     * 创建 Callable 实现类的实例，使用 FutureTask 类来包装 Callable 对象，
+     * 该 FutureTask 对象封装了该 Callable 对象的 call() 方法的返回值。
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        CallableDemo callableDemo = new CallableDemo();
+        FutureTask<Integer> futureTask = new FutureTask<Integer>(callableDemo);
+        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "线程的循环变量i: " + i);
+            if (i == 5) {
+                // 使用 FutureTask 对象作为 Thread 对象的 target 创建并启动新线程
+                new Thread(futureTask, "有返回值的线程").start();
+            }
+        }
+        try {
+            //  调用 FutureTask 对象的 get() 方法来获得子线程执行结束后的返回值
+            System.out.println("子线程的返回值：" + futureTask.get());
+        } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+            i.printStackTrace();
+        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 该 call() 方法将作为线程执行体，并且有返回值
+     */
+    @Override
+    public Integer call() throws Exception {
+        int i = 0;
+        for (; i < 10; i++) {
+            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + i);
+        }
+        return i;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/threading/RunnableDemo.java b/src/tutorial/threading/RunnableDemo.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66f66de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/threading/RunnableDemo.java
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package threading;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 05/07/2017.
+ */
+public class RunnableDemo implements Runnable {
+    private Thread t;
+    private String threadName;
+
+    public RunnableDemo(String threadName) {
+        this.threadName = threadName;
+        System.out.println("Creating thread: " + threadName);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        RunnableDemo threadDemo1 = new RunnableDemo("Thread-1");
+        RunnableDemo threadDemo2 = new RunnableDemo("Thread-2");
+
+        threadDemo1.start();
+        threadDemo2.start();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 为了实现 Runnable，一个类只需要执行一个方法调用 run()
+     * run() 可以调用其他方法，使用其他类，并声明变量，就像主线程一样
+     */
+    public void run() {
+        System.out.println("Running thread: " + threadName);
+        try {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+                System.out.println("Thread: " + threadName + ": " + i);
+                Thread.sleep(50);
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+            System.out.println("Thread " + threadName + "interrupted");
+        }
+        System.out.println("Exit thread: " + threadName);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Thread(Runnable threadOb,String threadName)
+     * threadOb 是一个实现 Runnable 接口的类的实例，并且 threadName 指定新线程的名字
+     */
+    public void start() {
+        System.out.println("***Starting thread " + threadName);
+        if (t == null) {
+            t = new Thread(this, threadName);
+            t.start();  // 新线程创建之后，你调用它的 start() 方法它才会运行
+
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/tutorial/threading/ThreadDemo.java b/src/tutorial/threading/ThreadDemo.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6cb0ba7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tutorial/threading/ThreadDemo.java
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+package threading;
+
+/**
+ * Created by Oliver on 05/07/2017.
+ */
+public class ThreadDemo extends Thread {
+    /**
+     * 创建一个线程的第二种方法是创建一个新的类，该类继承 Thread 类，然后创建一个该类的实例。
+     * 该方法尽管被列为一种多线程实现方式，但是本质上也是实现了 Runnable 接口的一个实例。
+     */
+    private Thread t;
+    private String threadName;
+
+    public ThreadDemo(String threadName) {
+        this.threadName = threadName;
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        ThreadDemo threadDemo1 = new ThreadDemo("Thread-1");
+        ThreadDemo threadDemo2 = new ThreadDemo("Thread=2");
+
+        threadDemo1.start();
+        threadDemo2.start();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 继承类必须重写 run() 方法，该方法是新线程的入口点。它也必须调用 start() 方法才能执行。
+     */
+    public void run() {
+        System.out.println("Running thread: " + threadName);
+        try {
+            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+                System.out.println("Thread: " + threadName + ": " + i);
+                Thread.sleep(50);
+            }
+        } catch (InterruptedException i) {
+            System.out.println("Thread " + threadName + " interrupted.");
+        }
+        System.out.println("Exit thread: " + threadName);
+
+    }
+
+    public void start() {
+        System.out.println("Start thread " + threadName);
+        if (t == null) {
+            t = new Thread(this, threadName);
+            t.start();
+        }
+    }
+}