MinimumWindowSubstring

Change-Id: I8b29b804c6e2e57e9f767f31fe1c433604b609f5

Author: applewjg

MinimumWindowSubstring.java

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ Author:     King, [email protected]
+ Date:       Dec 25, 2014
+ Problem:    Minimum Window Substring
+ Difficulty: Medium
+ Source:     https://oj.leetcode.com/problems/minimum-window-substring/
+ Notes:
+ Given a string S and a string T, find the minimum window in S which will contain all the 
+ characters in T in complexity O(n).
+ For example,
+ S = "ADOBECODEBANC"
+ T = "ABC"
+ Minimum window is "BANC".
+ Note:
+ If there is no such window in S that covers all characters in T, return the empty string "".
+ If there are multiple such windows, you are guaranteed that there will always be only one unique 
+ minimum window in S.
+
+ Solution: 1. Use two pointers: start and end. 
+              First, move 'end'. After finding all the needed characters, move 'start'.
+           2. Use array as hashtable.
+ */
+
+public class Solution {
+    public String minWindow(String S, String T) {
+        int N = S.length(), M = T.length();
+        if (N < M) return new String("");
+        int[] need = new int[256];
+        int[] find = new int[256];
+        for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i)
+            need[T.charAt(i)]++;
+
+        int count = 0, resStart = -1, resEnd = N;
+        for (int start = 0, end = 0; end < N; ++end)
+        {
+            if (need[S.charAt(end)] == 0)
+                continue;
+            if (find[S.charAt(end)] < need[S.charAt(end)])
+                count++;
+            find[S.charAt(end)]++;
+            if (count != M) continue;
+            // move 'start'
+            for (; start < end; ++start) {
+                if (need[S.charAt(start)] == 0) continue;
+                if (find[S.charAt(start)] <= need[S.charAt(start)]) break;
+                find[S.charAt(start)]--;
+            }
+            // update result
+            if (end - start < resEnd - resStart) {
+                resStart = start;
+                resEnd = end;
+            }
+        }
+        return (resStart == -1) ? new String("") : S.substring(resStart, resEnd + 1); 
+    }
+}