Simplify attention VJP definition

PiperOrigin-RevId: 762181545

Author: rdyro

jax/experimental/pallas/ops/gpu/attention.py

@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ def body(start_k, carry):
       # Apply mask to qk.
       qk = jnp.where(mask, qk, DEFAULT_MASK_VALUE)
 
-    m_curr = qk.max(axis=-1)
+    m_curr = jnp.max(qk, axis=-1)
     m_next = jnp.maximum(m_prev, m_curr)
     correction = jnp.exp2(m_prev - m_next)
     l_prev_corr = correction * l_prev
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ def segment_mask(
 
 
 @functools.partial(
-    jax.custom_vjp, nondiff_argnums=[4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]
+    jax.custom_vjp, nondiff_argnums=[4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]
 )
 @functools.partial(
     jax.jit,
@@ -215,6 +215,7 @@ def segment_mask(
         "grid",
         "interpret",
         "debug",
+        "return_residuals",
     ],
 )
 def mha(
@@ -231,6 +232,7 @@ def mha(
     grid: tuple[int, ...] | None = None,
     interpret: bool = False,
     debug: bool = False,
+    return_residuals: bool = False,
 ):
   del backward_pass_impl
   batch_size, q_seq_len, num_heads, head_dim = q.shape
@@ -273,21 +275,27 @@ def mha(
       if segment_ids is None
       else pl.BlockSpec((None, kv_seq_len), lambda _, j, k: (j, 0))
   )
-  out_shape = jax.ShapeDtypeStruct(shape=q.shape, dtype=q.dtype)
-  return pl.pallas_call(
+  out_shape = [q]
+  out_specs = [pl.BlockSpec((None, block_q, None, head_dim_padded),
+                            lambda i, j, k: (j, i, k, 0))]
+  if return_residuals:
+    out_shape.append(jax.ShapeDtypeStruct(
+        shape=(batch_size, num_heads, q_seq_len), dtype=jnp.float32))  # lse
+    out_specs.append(
+        pl.BlockSpec((None, None, block_q), lambda i, j, k: (j, k, i)))  # lse
+  out = pl.pallas_call(
       kernel,
       grid=grid_,
       in_specs=in_specs,
-      out_specs=pl.BlockSpec(
-          (None, block_q, None, head_dim_padded), lambda i, j, k: (j, i, k, 0)
-      ),
+      out_specs=out_specs,
       compiler_params=plgpu.TritonCompilerParams(
           num_warps=num_warps_, num_stages=num_stages),
       out_shape=out_shape,
       debug=debug,
       interpret=interpret,
       name="mha_forward",
   )(q, k, v, segment_ids)
+  return out if return_residuals else out[0]
 
 
 def _mha_forward(
@@ -304,71 +312,17 @@ def _mha_forward(
     grid: Any,
     interpret: bool,
     debug: bool,
+    return_residuals: bool,
 ):
-  del backward_pass_impl
-  batch_size, q_seq_len, num_heads, head_dim = q.shape
-  kv_seq_len = k.shape[1]
-  block_q = min(block_sizes.block_q, q_seq_len)
-  block_k = min(block_sizes.block_k, kv_seq_len)
-  if (q.shape[-1] != k.shape[-1]) or (q.shape[-1] != v.shape[-1]):
-    raise ValueError(
-        f"This kernel expects q, k, and v to have the same head dimension, but"
-        f" found {q.shape=}, {k.shape=}, {v.shape=}."
-    )
-  if q_seq_len % block_q != 0:
-    raise ValueError(f"{q_seq_len=} must be a multiple of {block_q=}")
-  if kv_seq_len % block_k != 0:
-    raise ValueError(f"{kv_seq_len=} must be a multiple of {block_k=}")
-  head_dim_padded = pl.next_power_of_2(head_dim)
-
-  # Heuristics.
-  grid_ = grid
-  if grid_ is None:
-    grid_ = (pl.cdiv(q_seq_len, block_q), batch_size, num_heads)
-
-  num_warps_ = num_warps
-  if num_warps_ is None:
-    num_warps_ = 4 if head_dim <= 64 else 8
-  kernel = functools.partial(mha_forward_kernel, sm_scale=sm_scale,
-                             causal=causal, block_q=block_q, block_k=block_k,
-                             head_dim=head_dim)
-  out_shape = [
-      jax.ShapeDtypeStruct(shape=q.shape, dtype=q.dtype),  # out
-      jax.ShapeDtypeStruct(
-          shape=(batch_size, num_heads, q_seq_len), dtype=jnp.float32  # lse
-      ),
-  ]
-  in_specs = [
-      pl.BlockSpec((None, block_q, None, head_dim_padded),
-                   lambda i, j, k: (j, i, k, 0)),
-      pl.BlockSpec((None, kv_seq_len, None, head_dim_padded),
-                   lambda _, j, k: (j, 0, k, 0)),
-      pl.BlockSpec((None, kv_seq_len, None, head_dim_padded),
-                   lambda _, j, k: (j, 0, k, 0)),
-  ]
-  in_specs.append(
-      None  # type: ignore[arg-type]
-      if segment_ids is None
-      else pl.BlockSpec((None, kv_seq_len), lambda _, j, k: (j, 0))
-  )
-  out, lse = pl.pallas_call(
-      kernel,
-      grid=grid_,
-      in_specs=in_specs,
-      out_specs=[
-          pl.BlockSpec((None, block_q, None, head_dim_padded),
-                       lambda i, j, k: (j, i, k, 0)),
-          pl.BlockSpec((None, None, block_q), lambda i, j, k: (j, k, i)),
-      ],
-      compiler_params=plgpu.TritonCompilerParams(
-          num_warps=num_warps_, num_stages=num_stages
-      ),
-      out_shape=out_shape,
-      debug=debug,
-      interpret=interpret,
-      name="mha_forward",
-  )(q, k, v, segment_ids)
-  return out, (q, k, v, segment_ids, out, lse)
+  out, lse = mha(q, k, v, segment_ids=segment_ids, sm_scale=sm_scale,
+                 causal=causal, block_sizes=block_sizes,
+                 backward_pass_impl=backward_pass_impl,
+                 num_warps=num_warps, num_stages=num_stages,
+                 grid=grid, interpret=interpret, debug=debug,
+                 return_residuals=True)
+  residuals = (q, k, v, segment_ids, out, lse)
+  ret = (out, lse) if return_residuals else out
+  return ret, residuals
 
 
 def _preprocess_backward_kernel(out_ref, dout_ref, delta_ref, head_dim: int):
@@ -576,9 +530,12 @@ def inner_loop_dq(start_k, dq):
 def _mha_backward(sm_scale: float, causal: bool, block_sizes: BlockSizes,
                   backward_pass_impl: str, num_warps: int | None,
                   num_stages: int, grid: Any, interpret: bool,
-                  debug: bool, res, do):
-  del num_stages, grid
+                  debug: bool, return_residuals: bool, res, do):
+  if return_residuals:
+    raise ValueError(
+        "Kernel differentiation is not supported if return_residuals is True.")
   q, k, v, segment_ids, out, lse = res
+  del num_stages, grid, return_residuals
 
   if backward_pass_impl == "xla":
     return jax.vjp(

tests/pallas/gpu_ops_test.py

@@ -313,6 +313,30 @@ def f_ref(q, k, v):
     self.assertAllClose(dk, dk_ref, atol=5e-2)
     self.assertAllClose(dv, dv_ref, atol=5e-2)
 
+  def test_return_residuals_not_differentiable(self):
+    batch_size, seq_len, num_heads, head_dim = 2, 128, 2, 128
+    causal = False
+    k1, k2, k3 = random.split(random.key(0), 3)
+    q = random.normal(
+        k1, (batch_size, seq_len, num_heads, head_dim), dtype=jnp.float16
+    )
+    k = random.normal(
+        k2, (batch_size, seq_len, num_heads, head_dim), dtype=jnp.float16
+    )
+    v = random.normal(
+        k3, (batch_size, seq_len, num_heads, head_dim), dtype=jnp.float16
+    )
+    segment_ids = None
+
+    def f(q, k, v):
+      return attention.mha(q, k, v, causal=causal, segment_ids=segment_ids,
+                           interpret=self.INTERPRET,
+                           return_residuals=True)[0].sum()
+
+    with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "Kernel differentiation is not"
+                                " supported if return_residuals is True."):
+      _ = jax.grad(f, argnums=(0, 1, 2))(q, k, v)
+
 
 class FusedAttentionInterpretTest(FusedAttentionTest):
   INTERPRET = True