Make longjmp over managed frames work

The new exception handling has broken hosting Lua on Windows when
a Lua code throws an exception that ends up crossing managed frames.
Lua uses longjmp for its exception handling mechanism and the new
exception handling reported the longjmp as an unhandled `SEHException`.

This change makes the new EH ignore the `STATUS_LONGJUMP` exception
when it passes through managed frames, so it can reach the target
location. It is a best effort fix though, as finallys in the skipped
frames won't be called.

Close dotnet#111242

Author: janvorli

src/coreclr/vm/exceptionhandling.cpp

@@ -932,6 +932,13 @@ ProcessCLRExceptionNew(IN     PEXCEPTION_RECORD   pExceptionRecord,
 
     Thread* pThread         = GetThread();
 
+    if (pExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode == STATUS_LONGJUMP)
+    {
+        // This is an exception used to unwind during longjmp function. We just let it pass through managed
+        // frames without any interaction.
+        return ExceptionContinueSearch;
+    }
+
     if (pThread->HasThreadStateNC(Thread::TSNC_ProcessedUnhandledException))
     {
         if ((pExceptionRecord->ExceptionFlags & EXCEPTION_UNWINDING))