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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN" data-theme="light"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"><title>Spring Bean 的作用范围及生命周期 | 实现一个小目标</title><meta name="keywords" content="Java,Spring"><meta name="author" content="我想打游戏,[email protected]"><meta name="copyright" content="我想打游戏"><meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"><meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"><meta name="description" content="scope 定义 Bean 的作用范围 singleton（默认值）：单例模式的 bean 对象生命周期与容器相同对象出生：当创建容器时，对象就被创建了对象活着：只要容器在，对象一直活着对象死亡：当销毁容器时，对象就被销毁了 prototype：多例模式的 bean 对象，spring 框架只负责创建，不负责销毁对象出生：当使用对象时，创建新的对象实例对象活着：只要对象在使用中，就一直活着对象死亡">
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url('https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/46d42e4c19b2427da2b3e31453263650.png')"><nav id="nav"><span id="blog_name"><a id="site-name" href="/">实现一个小目标</a></span><div id="menus"><div class="menus_items"><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-home"></i><span> 主页</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/archives/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-archive"></i><span> 时间轴</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/tags/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-tags"></i><span> 标签</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/categories/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-folder-open"></i><span> 分类</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page group" href="javascript:void(0);"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-list"></i><span> 清单</span><i class="fas fa-chevron-down"></i></a><ul class="menus_item_child"><li><a class="site-page child" href="/music/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-music"></i><span> 音乐</span></a></li><li><a class="site-page child" href="/movies/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-video"></i><span> 电影</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/link/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-link"></i><span> 友情链接</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/about/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-heart"></i><span> 关于</span></a></div></div><div id="toggle-menu"><a class="site-page"><i class="fas fa-bars fa-fw"></i></a></div></div></nav><div id="post-info"><h1 class="post-title">Spring Bean 的作用范围及生命周期</h1><div id="post-meta"><div class="meta-firstline"><span class="post-meta-date"><i class="far fa-calendar-alt fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">发表于</span><time class="post-meta-date-created" datetime="2022-05-19T06:58:11.000Z" title="发表于 2022-05-19 14:58:11">2022-05-19</time><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-history fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">更新于</span><time class="post-meta-date-updated" 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class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-pv-cv" id="" data-flag-title="Spring Bean 的作用范围及生命周期"><i class="far fa-eye fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">阅读量:</span><span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa-solid fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span></span></div></div></div></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><h1 id="scope-定义-Bean-的作用范围"><a href="#scope-定义-Bean-的作用范围" class="headerlink" title="scope 定义 Bean 的作用范围"></a>scope 定义 Bean 的作用范围</h1><ul>
<li>singleton（默认值）：单例模式的 bean 对象生命周期与容器相同<br>对象出生：当创建容器时，对象就被创建了<br>对象活着：只要容器在，对象一直活着<br>对象死亡：当销毁容器时，对象就被销毁了</li>
<li>prototype：多例模式的 bean 对象，spring 框架只负责创建，不负责销毁<br>对象出生：当使用对象时，创建新的对象实例<br>对象活着：只要对象在使用中，就一直活着<br>对象死亡：当对象⻓时间不用时，被 Java 的垃圾回收器回收了</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="Spring-Bean-的生命周期"><a href="#Spring-Bean-的生命周期" class="headerlink" title="Spring Bean 的生命周期"></a>Spring Bean 的生命周期</h1><p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/46d42e4c19b2427da2b3e31453263650.png"></p>
<h1 id="测试一下效果"><a href="#测试一下效果" class="headerlink" title="测试一下效果"></a>测试一下效果</h1><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Component</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">MyBeanPostProcessor</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title class_">BeanPostProcessor</span> {</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> Object <span class="title function_">postProcessBeforeInitialization</span><span class="params">(Object bean, String beanName)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> BeansException {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="string">"lazyResult"</span>.equalsIgnoreCase(beanName)) {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"MyBeanPostProcessor before 方法拦截处理lazyResult"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> bean;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> Object <span class="title function_">postProcessAfterInitialization</span><span class="params">(Object bean, String beanName)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> BeansException {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (<span class="string">"lazyResult"</span>.equalsIgnoreCase(beanName)) {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"MyBeanPostProcessor after 方法拦截处理lazyResult"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> bean;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">Result</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title class_">BeanNameAware</span>, BeanFactoryAware, ApplicationContextAware, InitializingBean, DisposableBean {</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> String status;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> String message;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title function_">getStatus</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> status;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">setStatus</span><span class="params">(String status)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.status = status;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title function_">getMessage</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> message;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">setMessage</span><span class="params">(String message)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.message = message;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title function_">toString</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">"Result{"</span> +</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"status='"</span> + status + <span class="string">'\''</span> +</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">", message='"</span> + message + <span class="string">'\''</span> +</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'}'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">initMethod</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"initMethod........"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@PostConstruct</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">postConstruct</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"postConstruct........"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">setBeanName</span><span class="params">(String name)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"注册我成为bean时定义的id："</span> + name);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">setBeanFactory</span><span class="params">(BeanFactory beanFactory)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> BeansException {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"管理我的beanFactory为"</span> + beanFactory);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">setApplicationContext</span><span class="params">(ApplicationContext applicationContext)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> BeansException {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"高级容器接口ApplicationContext："</span> + applicationContext);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">afterPropertiesSet</span><span class="params">()</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> Exception {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"afterPropertiesSet........"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@PreDestroy</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">PreDestroy</span><span class="params">()</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"PreDestroy......"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">destroy</span><span class="params">()</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> Exception {</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(<span class="string">"destroy......"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Test</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">test</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">ClassPathXmlApplicationContext</span> <span class="variable">applicationContext</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">ClassPathXmlApplicationContext</span>(<span class="string">"application-context.xml"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">Result</span> <span class="variable">result</span> <span class="operator">=</span> (Result) applicationContext.getBean(<span class="string">"lazyResult"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> System.out.println(result);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> applicationContext.close();</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>输出：</p>
<blockquote>
<ul>
<li>注册我成为bean时定义的id：lazyResult</li>
<li>管理我的beanFactory为org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@1d9b7cce: defining beans [jdbcAccountDaoImpl,transactionProxyFactory,myBeanPostProcessor,transferServiceImpl,connectionUtils,transactionManager,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor,org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory,org.springframework.context.support.PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer#0,dataSource,lazyResult]; root of factory hierarchy</li>
<li>高级容器接口ApplicationContext：org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@5b464ce8, started on Mon May 30 11:26:32 CST 2022</li>
<li>MyBeanPostProcessor before 方法拦截处理lazyResult</li>
<li>postConstruct……..</li>
<li>afterPropertiesSet……..</li>
<li>initMethod……..</li>
<li>MyBeanPostProcessor after 方法拦截处理lazyResult</li>
<li>Result{status=’s’, message=’123’}</li>
<li>PreDestroy……</li>
<li>destroy……</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
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