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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: change-credits/cc-minting.md
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Good Generator
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: A Good Generator is the implementing organization responsible for seeing the planned impact results achieved. It is through the actions of this entity, often an NGO or social enterprise, that positive externalities are produced. Because contributions and funds can be seamlessly fractionalized and divided, a Good Generator can also be a collection of multiple contributors working collaboratively.
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Change Code
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: Change Code acts to provide all necessary infrastructure for the creation and management of Change Credits through its *Changescape*. While Change Code is not involved in the measurement or verification of any results produced, it is responsible for assessing the legitimacy and compliance of any organizations seeking to mint Change Credits.
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Changescape
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: Change Code acts to provide all necessary infrastructure for the creation and management of Change Credits through its *Changescape*. While the Changescape does not itself measure or verify of any results produced, Change Code as the administrator of the Changescape is responsible for assessing the legitimacy and compliance of any organizations seeking to mint Change Credits.
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Partner
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: Partners financially contribute to the positive externalities embodied in Change Credits. They fund the delivery of impact by pre-purchasing Change Credits in advance.
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sequenceDiagram
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actor Verifier
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actor Good Generator
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actor Change Code
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Good Generator-->Change Code: propose impact goal for review
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participant Changescape
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Good Generator-->Changescape: propose impact goal for review
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participant EAS
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create participant hypercert (ERC1155)
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Good Generator->>hypercert (ERC1155): mint impact goal
Change Code->>Treasury Account (ERC6551): mint Change Credits (ERC721)
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Changescape->>Treasury Account (ERC6551): mint Change Credits (ERC721)
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end
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Loop
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Partner->>Treasury Account (ERC6551): return IOUs
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The above sequence diagram overviews how Change Credits are created. While the system supports alternative flows to facilitate various forms of financing, we can consider this base form to have x steps.
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1. The Good Generator submits an impact goal and plan for review by Change Code, as part of their onboarding process. Once approved to mint via the Changescape, the Good Generator mints their hypercert, signaling the beginning for their project.
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1. The Good Generator submits an impact goal and plan for review, as part of their onboarding process. Once approved to mint via the Changescape, the Good Generator mints their hypercert, signaling the beginning for their project.
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2. After the projects' hypercert has been deployed, Change Code deploys an associated Token Bound Account (ERC6511) to act as a treasury for the project to receive funds into and mint tokens from.
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3. Partners begin contributing funds into the project's TBA in exchange for IOUs redeemable for Change Credits once the latter begin to be minted. These funds are then remitted to an account from which the Good Generator can spend to cover the costs of their work. This process can be done in an open-ended asynchronous manner, with funds being contributed to the project through the project's lifespan.
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4. As the Good Generator carries out their work to produce impact, they periodically submit evidence for review. This evidence is published via the Ethereum Attestation Service (EAS). These claims are then reviewed and approved or rejected by Verifiers.
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5. Once evidence is confirmed by Verifiers, Change Code intakes the data provided to assign a quantity of Change Credits to be created and mints them via the project's TBA.
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5. Once evidence is confirmed by Verifiers, the Changescape intakes the data provided to assign a quantity of Change Credits to be created and mints them via the project's TBA.
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6. With Change Credits minted and available via the TBA, the project's Partners can redeem their IOUs and receive their proportional share of Change Credits.
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: change-credits/verification.md
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sequenceDiagram
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actor Verifier
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actor Good Generator
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actor Change Code
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participant Changescape
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participant EAS
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participant Treasury Account
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Good Generator-->Good Generator: implement project
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loop
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Good Generator->>EAS: publish claim attestation
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Verifier--xEAS: review evidence
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Verifier->>EAS: publish verification attestation
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Change Code->>Treasury Account: mint Change Credits (ERC721)
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Changescape->>Treasury Account: mint Change Credits (ERC721)
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end
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```
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As shown in the above sequence diagram, the process of verification can (and often will) be carried out as a loop. As a project is implemented over a period of weeks, months, or even years, the Good Generator may periodically submit claim attestations on recent accomplishments and evidence. As soon as these claims are available (or at some pre-arranged cadence), Verifiers may review this data and submit their own attestations. Finally, with these review attestations published, Change Code programmatically mints Change Credits in accordance with the impact quantity specified by the Verifiers.
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As shown in the above sequence diagram, the process of verification can (and often will) be carried out as a loop. As a project is implemented over a period of weeks, months, or even years, the Good Generator may periodically submit claim attestations on recent accomplishments and evidence. As soon as these claims are available (or at some pre-arranged cadence), Verifiers may review this data and submit their own attestations. Finally, with these review attestations published, the Changescape programmatically mints Change Credits in accordance with the impact quantity specified by the Verifiers.
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By allowing for interim data reporting, the protocol enables Verifiers to have access to data in a more timely manner, which in practice enables more robust dispute or follow up. Additionally, with this setup, Change Credits are available to Partners sooner than if all reporting were unnecessarily forced to only occur at the end of a project's timeline.
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: mutual-money/currency-minting.md
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order: -2
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---
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*in progress*
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The lifecycle of a Change Credit can *end* in 3 different ways. First, a holder could continue to hold (or circulate) the token in perpetuity, allowing each holder to exercise whatever [rights](../change-credits/cc-minting/#change-credit-ownership) may be imprinted in the token by the Good Generator who created it. Second, the Change Credit may be [purchased and retired](../change-credits/cc-retirement.md), either completely or partially, by the issuing Good Generator. Finally, the Change Credit can be monetized.
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While the process of retirement enables Good Generators to buy up and retire (burn) the credits they've issued, the process of monetization encompasses the entire Changescape. When monetized, Change Credits become the basis for a unique value-aligned currency, __Mutual Money__.
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## Monetization
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Fiat money is created through a process known as [debt monetization](https://www.stlouisfed.org/on-the-economy/2018/april/debt-monetization-then-now), through which a central bank purchases state debt and then issues currency *against* the value of that debt. This introduces a constant source of demand for the state's debt thereby reducing borrowing costs and effectively subsidizing spending. The seigniorage produced through monetization is a powerful means of collective support by users of a currency toward the state issuing the underlying debt.
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This idea of monetization and seigniorage can be reimagined for nearly any set of community values, where adoption of the currency mechanistically supports the realization and furtherance of the community's value system. With this in mind, we propose that Change Credits, and the positive externalities they represent, can be monetized through Mutual Money.
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: mutual-money/monetary-primer.md
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One could even argue that the community currency movement, those attempts to create currencies specific to local communities, is a philosophical cousin to the idea of dollar voting. Both spring from the idea that money isn't currently but can be aligned with our own values and goals.
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Unfortunately, it is not difficult to find major shortcomings in both movements, which we'll jointly refer to as value-based monetary movements. Dollar voting struggles in the face of gross information asymmetry between consumers and producers--greenwashing, pinkwashing, etc. Additionally, nearly all demonstrable benefits from community currency can only be found in those select situations where communities suffer from major swings in seasonal liquidity, as in the case of smallholder farming communities that only have 1 or 2 harvests a year ([Zeller, 2020](https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/13/11/271)).
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Unfortunately, it is not difficult to find major shortcomings in both movements, which we'll jointly refer to as value-based monetary movements. Dollar voting struggles in the face of gross information asymmetry between consumers and producers--greenwashing, pinkwashing, etc. Additionally, nearly all demonstrable benefits from community currency can only be found in those select situations where communities suffer from major swings in seasonal liquidity, as in the case of smallholder farming communities that only have 1 or 2 harvests a year ([Zeller, 2020](https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/13/11/271){target="_blank"}).
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## Principles of Sound Money
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__Unit of account.__ The function of being a unit of account is arguably related to that of being a medium of exchange. Money used as a unit of account provides common units that can be assigned to the price of different goods and services for the purposes of comparison and evaluation. If a participant is told that Store A has the item they want for 50 #s and Store B is selling it for 46 #s, then #s are a good money only if they can rely upon those two statements to know that Store B is offering the better deal.
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__Store of value.__ The most discussed (and most challenging) role for a money is that as a store of value. A good form of money will be able to purchase a constant or near constant basic of goods even over time. The strong form of this requirement is arguably impossible, as baskets of goods and the real cost involved in production change over time, or even not advisable, if one is especially concerned about [sticky wages](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/03/Future-of-inflation-partII-Agarwal-kimball). However, what we'll call the weak form of the requirement, that good money lose its value slowly (<3% a year) and predictably is broadly agreed upon by economists and (ordinarily) achieved by the world's major central banks.
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__Store of value.__ The most discussed (and most challenging) role for a money is that as a store of value. A good form of money will be able to purchase a constant or near constant basic of goods even over time. The strong form of this requirement is arguably impossible, as baskets of goods and the real cost involved in production change over time, or even not advisable, if one is especially concerned about [sticky wages](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/03/Future-of-inflation-partII-Agarwal-kimball). However, what we'll call the weak form of the requirement, that good money lose its value slowly (<3% a year) and predictably, is broadly agreed upon by economists and (ordinarily) achieved by the world's major central banks.
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Beyond these 3 broadly agreed to functions of money, we believe that money ideally has two additional functions that closely relate to both the successes and failures of value-based monetary movements.
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: welcome.md
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At the core of Change Code's work is our belief that in order to actually achieve the world's sustainability and other impact goals, we must find a way to *make purpose profitable*. We are working to pioneer new financial primitives and tokenomics that will see impact itself emerge as the next asset class to be powered by web3.
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The *Changescape* is a multi-chain and multi-token dApp (decentralized application) engineered to support the tokenization, verification, and ultimate monetization of a new asset category, positive impact.
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The __Changescape__ is a multi-chain and multi-token dApp (decentralized application) engineered to support the tokenization, verification, and ultimate monetization of a new asset category, positive impact.
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If you're interested in contributing to our work, navigate over to the [Contributor Guide](./contributing/contribution-guide/).
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