This benchmark compares the accuracy of Cheq (using Slater-Type Orbitals vs Gaussian-Type Orbitals) against OpenBabel's QEq implementation.
The reference values are taken directly from the original QEq paper (Rappe & Goddard, 1991).
- Cheq STO: Uses the default Slater-Type Orbital overlap integrals (analytical).
- Cheq GTO: Uses the optional Gaussian-Type Orbital approximation (analytical).
- OpenBabel: Re-implementation of OpenBabel's
qeq.cpplogic in Rust, using the exact same parameters (data/qeq.txt) and GTO integral approximations.
Note: The best result (lowest error) for each row is highlighted in bold.
| Molecule | Paper Result | Cheq STO: Error (Result) | Cheq GTO: Error (Result) | OpenBabel: Error (Result) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alkali Halides | 0.0108 | 0.1902 | 0.3258 | |
| LiF (Li) | 0.7910 | 0.0117 (0.8027) | 0.1646 (0.6264) | 0.1535 (0.9445) |
| LiCl (Li) | 0.9390 | 0.0190 (0.9580) | 0.2801 (0.6589) | 0.3030 (1.2420) |
| LiBr (Li) | 0.9020 | 0.0194 (0.9214) | 0.2954 (0.6066) | 0.3484 (1.2504) |
| LiI (Li) | 0.8410 | 0.0194 (0.8604) | 0.3054 (0.5356) | 0.3937 (1.2347) |
| NaF (Na) | 0.6650 | 0.0061 (0.6711) | 0.1166 (0.5484) | 0.2230 (0.8880) |
| NaCl (Na) | 0.7660 | 0.0103 (0.7763) | 0.1896 (0.5764) | 0.3682 (1.1342) |
| NaBr (Na) | 0.7450 | 0.0111 (0.7561) | 0.2007 (0.5443) | 0.3945 (1.1395) |
| NaI (Na) | 0.7090 | 0.0112 (0.7202) | 0.2133 (0.4957) | 0.4212 (1.1302) |
| KF (K) | 0.6620 | 0.0050 (0.6670) | 0.0988 (0.5632) | 0.2031 (0.8651) |
| KCl (K) | 0.7750 | 0.0089 (0.7839) | 0.1682 (0.6068) | 0.3370 (1.1120) |
| KBr (K) | 0.7680 | 0.0092 (0.7772) | 0.1837 (0.5843) | 0.3647 (1.1327) |
| KI (K) | 0.7540 | 0.0103 (0.7643) | 0.2044 (0.5496) | 0.4043 (1.1583) |
| RbF (Rb) | 0.6530 | 0.0043 (0.6573) | 0.0931 (0.5599) | 0.2039 (0.8569) |
| RbCl (Rb) | 0.7630 | 0.0078 (0.7708) | 0.1595 (0.6035) | 0.3338 (1.0968) |
| RbBr (Rb) | 0.7570 | 0.0089 (0.7659) | 0.1742 (0.5828) | 0.3610 (1.1180) |
| RbI (Rb) | 0.7470 | 0.0095 (0.7565) | 0.1960 (0.5510) | 0.3992 (1.1462) |
| Clusters | 0.0403 | 0.2567 | 0.8057 | |
| NaCl Monomer (Na) | 0.7490 | 0.0273 (0.7763) | 0.1726 (0.5764) | 0.3852 (1.1342) |
| NaCl Monomer (Cl) | -0.7490 | 0.0273 (-0.7763) | 0.1726 (-0.5764) | 0.3852 (-1.1342) |
| (NaCl)2 Square (Na) | 0.8260 | 0.0187 (0.8073) | 0.2726 (0.5534) | 0.8434 (1.6694) |
| (NaCl)2 Square (Cl) | -0.8260 | 0.0187 (-0.8073) | 0.2726 (-0.5534) | 0.8434 (-1.6694) |
| (NaCl)4 Cube (Na) | 0.8230 | 0.0750 (0.7480) | 0.3250 (0.4980) | 1.1887 (2.0117) |
| (NaCl)4 Cube (Cl) | -0.8230 | 0.0750 (-0.7480) | 0.3250 (-0.4980) | 1.1887 (-2.0117) |
| Hydrogen | 0.0329 | 0.1178 | 0.6305 | |
| HF (H) | 0.4600 | 0.0193 (0.4407) | 0.1024 (0.3576) | 0.7358 (1.1958) |
| H2O (H) | 0.3500 | 0.0249 (0.3251) | 0.1404 (0.2096) | 0.5350 (0.8850) |
| NH3 (H) | 0.2400 | 0.0211 (0.2189) | 0.1321 (0.1079) | 0.5121 (0.7521) |
| CH4 (H) | 0.1500 | 0.0190 (0.1310) | 0.1112 (0.0388) | 0.6887 (0.8387) |
| C2H6 (H) | 0.1600 | 0.0485 (0.1115) | 0.1222 (0.0378) | 0.1553 (0.3153) |
| C2H2 (H) | 0.1300 | 0.0079 (0.1221) | 0.0421 (0.0879) | 0.0323 (0.1623) |
| C2H4 (H) | 0.1500 | 0.0715 (0.0785) | 0.1100 (0.0400) | 0.0610 (0.2110) |
| C6H6 (H) | 0.1000 | 0.0058 (0.0942) | 0.0139 (0.0861) | 0.0025 (0.0975) |
| H2CO (O) | -0.4300 | 0.0077 (-0.4377) | 0.0625 (-0.3675) | 0.3019 (-0.7319) |
| H2CO (C) | 0.1900 | 0.0125 (0.2025) | 0.0998 (0.0902) | 0.7572 (0.9472) |
| H2CO (H) | 0.1200 | 0.0024 (0.1176) | 0.0187 (0.1387) | 0.2277 (-0.1077) |
| H3COH (H on O) | 0.3600 | 0.0331 (0.3269) | 0.1453 (0.2147) | 0.4772 (0.8372) |
| H3COH (O) | -0.6600 | 0.0220 (-0.6380) | 0.1764 (-0.4836) | 0.6368 (-1.2968) |
| H3COH (C) | -0.1500 | 0.0404 (-0.1096) | 0.1093 (-0.0407) | 0.7177 (0.5677) |
| H3COH (H gauche) | 0.1400 | 0.0126 (0.1274) | 0.0465 (0.0935) | 0.2287 (-0.0887) |
| H3COH (H trans) | 0.1800 | 0.0140 (0.1660) | 0.0576 (0.1224) | 0.1108 (0.0692) |
| HOC(O)H (O=) | -0.4400 | 0.0479 (-0.3921) | 0.1633 (-0.2767) | 0.7590 (-1.1990) |
| HOC(O)H (C) | 0.5600 | 0.0436 (0.6036) | 0.3158 (0.2442) | 2.3439 (2.9039) |
| HOC(O)H (H-C) | 0.1600 | 0.0774 (0.0826) | 0.0188 (0.1788) | 0.9445 (-0.7845) |
| HOC(O)H (O-) | -0.6500 | 0.0621 (-0.5879) | 0.2839 (-0.3661) | 1.2194 (-1.8694) |
| HOC(O)H (H-O) | 0.3800 | 0.0861 (0.2939) | 0.1602 (0.2198) | 0.5690 (0.9490) |
| H3CCN (N) | -0.2400 | 0.0069 (-0.2469) | 0.0526 (-0.1874) | 0.6218 (-0.8618) |
| H3CCN (C cyano) | 0.2200 | 0.0093 (0.2107) | 0.1742 (0.0458) | 1.2634 (1.4834) |
| H3CCN (C methyl) | -0.3700 | 0.0328 (-0.3372) | 0.3107 (-0.0593) | 2.3473 (-2.7173) |
| H3CCN (H) | 0.1300 | 0.0055 (0.1245) | 0.0630 (0.0670) | 0.5685 (0.6985) |
| SiH4 (H) | 0.1300 | 0.1764 (-0.0464) | 0.1445 (-0.0145) | 0.3413 (-0.2113) |
| PH3 (H) | 0.0800 | 0.0029 (0.0771) | 0.0422 (0.0378) | 0.1255 (0.2055) |
| HCl (H) | 0.3200 | 0.0082 (0.3118) | 0.0793 (0.2407) | 0.3701 (0.6901) |
| Polymers | 0.0703 | 0.1816 | 1.4796 | |
| PE (C) | -0.2840 | 0.0398 (-0.2442) | 0.1163 (-0.1677) | 0.4383 (-0.7223) |
| PE (H) | 0.1430 | 0.0024 (0.1454) | 0.0615 (0.0815) | 0.1099 (0.2529) |
| PVDF (C-H) | -0.0820 | 0.0195 (-0.0625) | 0.2179 (0.1359) | 5.4096 (-5.4916) |
| PVDF (H) | 0.0500 | 0.0143 (0.0643) | 0.0414 (0.0914) | 1.2110 (1.2610) |
| PVDF (C-F) | 0.7760 | 0.0221 (0.7539) | 0.4687 (0.3073) | 4.7492 (5.5252) |
| PVDF (F) | -0.4150 | 0.0708 (-0.4858) | 0.0127 (-0.4023) | 1.0431 (-1.4581) |
| Ala-His-Ala (N-term) | -0.8100 | 0.3110 (-0.4990) | 0.5178 (-0.2922) | 0.2173 (-1.0273) |
| Ala-His-Ala (OH) | -0.4500 | 0.2246 (-0.6746) | 0.0157 (-0.4343) | 1.4970 (-1.9470) |
| Ala-His-Ala (C=O) | -0.4600 | 0.0602 (-0.5202) | 0.0830 (-0.3770) | 0.9053 (-1.3653) |
| Ala-His-Ala (N-pep) | -0.4600 | 0.0097 (-0.4503) | 0.2138 (-0.2462) | 1.6410 (-2.1010) |
| Ala-His-Ala (H-pep) | 0.2700 | 0.0164 (0.2536) | 0.0609 (0.2091) | 0.6388 (0.9088) |
| Ala-His-Ala (C-pep) | 0.4700 | 0.0121 (0.4579) | 0.4069 (0.0631) | 2.1904 (2.6604) |
| Ala-His-Ala (O-pep) | -0.5100 | 0.0348 (-0.5448) | 0.0869 (-0.4231) | 0.8353 (-1.3453) |
| Ala-His-Ala+ (ND1) | -0.5000 | 0.1599 (-0.3401) | 0.2686 (-0.2314) | 1.4420 (-1.9420) |
| Ala-His-Ala+ (NE2) | -0.5000 | 0.0178 (-0.4822) | 0.2304 (-0.2696) | 1.7639 (-2.2639) |
| Ala-His-Ala+ (HD1) | 0.3300 | 0.0692 (0.2608) | 0.1125 (0.2175) | 0.5334 (0.8634) |
| Ala-His-Ala+ (HE2) | 0.3300 | 0.1108 (0.2192) | 0.1728 (0.1572) | 0.5273 (0.8573) |