Refactor current CI

[Sober7135]

Describe the enhancement requested

Changes include:

• Update to ubuntu-latest (Ubuntu 24.04)
• Add macOS Rust CI
• Introduce a shared workflow (e.g., setup_linux/windows/macos.yml) for installing dependencies, or provide a Docker-based setup
• Pin clang-format to a newer version (18?), since clang-format-8 is too old

We can also take a look at Arrow’s workflow:
https://github.com/apache/arrow/blob/main/.github/workflows/cpp.yml

Component(s)

Developer Tools

[SYaoJun]

I have a small suggestion. This project only depends on Arrow. In CI, it is better to compile a specific version of Arrow from source, rather than relying on a system-installed version. Using a system-installed Arrow leads to an ambiguous version when errors occur in CI, which makes problems difficult to reproduce and resolve later. cc @Sober7135 @yangxk1

[yangxk1]

Hi @SYaoJun @Sober7135 , Currently rust ci will fail. Is it related to this issue?
https://github.com/apache/incubator-graphar/actions/runs/22334161728

[SYaoJun]

Hi @SYaoJun @Sober7135 , Currently rust ci will fail. Is it related to this issue? https://github.com/apache/incubator-graphar/actions/runs/22334161728

I think this is not a failed, just not finished the workflow.

There is a true CI failed randomly. https://github.com/apache/incubator-graphar/actions/runs/22333808244 Because the dependency need C++20. I have encountered this problem in this PR #872. It is random failed so put that suggestion in this issue.