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Node.js Frameworks — NestJS

Overview

NestJS is a progressive Node.js framework for building efficient, reliable, and scalable server-side applications. Built with TypeScript, NestJS uses a modular architecture inspired by Angular, making it well-suited for creating complex applications that are easy to maintain and extend. It includes features such as dependency injection, decorators, and built-in support for various transport layers, enabling developers to build modern, structured, and feature-rich backend solutions.

🌱 Novice

At this level, engineers are familiar with the basics of NestJS and can set up a simple application structure with fundamental modules, controllers, and services.

  • Project Initialization: Setting up a basic NestJS project using the CLI (nest new project-name), generating a project with a structured layout.
  • Modules, Controllers, and Services: Understanding the core building blocks of NestJS applications—modules for organization, controllers for handling requests, and services for business logic.
  • Dependency Injection Basics: Utilizing NestJS’s dependency injection system to inject services into controllers and other services for code modularity and reusability.

Skills

Engineers can set up a basic NestJS application, organize code into modules, and use controllers and services to manage routes and business logic.

🌿 Intermediate

At this level, engineers have gained proficiency in NestJS, allowing them to work with more complex application structures and integrate middleware and guards.

  • Middleware and Interceptors: Configuring middleware for request handling and using interceptors to modify or transform responses, providing more control over the request-response cycle.
  • Guards and Authorization: Implementing guards to manage authorization and role-based access control in routes, ensuring secure access to protected resources.
  • Pipes for Validation and Transformation: Using pipes to validate incoming requests and transform data, leveraging the built-in ValidationPipe with class-validator for request validation.

Skills

Engineers can build more secure and structured applications, integrating middleware, guards, and pipes to enforce rules and manage request handling effectively.

🌳 Advanced

At this advanced level, engineers understand NestJS deeply and can leverage it to build high-performance, scalable applications.

  • Microservices with NestJS: Designing microservices architectures with NestJS, using its built-in support for various transport layers such as Redis, RabbitMQ, and gRPC to enable efficient inter-service communication.
  • Database Integration with TypeORM or Mongoose: Configuring NestJS applications with database integrations like TypeORM (SQL databases) or Mongoose (MongoDB) for data persistence, including setting up models, repositories, and custom queries.
  • Event-Driven Architecture: Utilizing NestJS’s event emitter and external messaging systems (like Kafka or AWS SNS) to build event-driven architectures, handling asynchronous workflows for enhanced performance and scalability.

Skills

Engineers can create highly scalable applications, designing with microservices, event-driven architectures, and efficient database integration, suitable for production environments.

🚀 Expert

An expert in NestJS can architect complex, enterprise-level systems with advanced integrations, leveraging cloud services and custom modules for optimized and maintainable applications.

  • Scalability with Cloud Integrations: Deploying and scaling NestJS applications using AWS services, such as AWS Lambda (for serverless functions), AWS ECS or EKS for container orchestration, and AWS RDS or DynamoDB for database management.
  • Custom Decorators and Advanced Dependency Injection: Creating custom decorators and leveraging advanced dependency injection techniques to add flexible, reusable functionality throughout the application.
  • GraphQL Integration with NestJS: Building modern APIs using GraphQL and NestJS’s dedicated GraphQL module, enabling efficient querying and fetching of data while maintaining strong type safety with TypeScript.

Skills

Engineers can architect enterprise-grade applications using NestJS, integrating with cloud infrastructure and implementing custom, scalable solutions that ensure security, maintainability, and optimal performance.