cpu/native: fix FPU/SSE register related context switching issues

When the `float_math` feature is not in used, this adds CFLAGS to
instruct the compiler to not make use of FPU/SSE registers, fixing
issues (random crashes, floating point exceptions, stack corruptions,
incorrect computations) due to incorrect back and restore of those
registers on context switching.

If `float_math` is used, the buggy behavior as before is produced.
But since `float_math` is not actually provided by the native CPU,
one would have to compile `CONTINUE_ON_EXPECTED_ERRORS=1` to actually
get into that situation.

Co-authored-by: Mihai Renea <[email protected]>

Author: maribu

cpu/native/Makefile.include

@@ -37,3 +37,22 @@ ifeq ($(USE_LIBUCONTEXT),1)
   CFLAGS += $(pkg-config libucontext --cflags) -DUSE_LIBUCONTEXT=1
   LINKFLAGS += $(shell pkg-config libucontext --libs)
 endif
+
+ifeq (x86_64,$(OS_ARCH))
+  # Disable use of FPU/SSE registers if FPU is not used. This prevents radom
+  # stack corruptions and floating point exceptions to not occur during
+  # context switching.
+	ifeq (,$(filter float_math,$(FEATURES_USED)))
+		# FPU/SSE registers are not reliably saved and restored in glibc's ucontext
+		# implementation (see https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT/issues/495) and not at
+		# all in libucontext's (but there at least this is documented). So we force
+		# the compiler to only use registers known to be properly backed up and
+		# restored during context switching
+		CFLAGS += -mgeneral-regs-only
+
+		# Since we disabled the use of non-general registers (such as FPU registers),
+		# we need to use a soft FPU
+		CFLAGS += -msoft-float
+		LINKFLAGS += -msoft-float
+	endif
+endif