encoding.rs

use base64::{
    engine::general_purpose::{STANDARD, URL_SAFE},
    Engine,
};
use serde::ser::Serialize;

use crate::algorithms::AlgorithmFamily;
use crate::crypto;
use crate::errors::{new_error, ErrorKind, Result};
use crate::header::Header;
use crate::jws::Jws;
#[cfg(feature = "use_pem")]
use crate::pem::decoder::PemEncodedKey;
use crate::serialization::b64_encode_part;

/// A key to encode a JWT with. Can be a secret, a PEM-encoded key or a DER-encoded key.
/// This key can be re-used so make sure you only initialize it once if you can for better performance.
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct EncodingKey {
    pub(crate) family: AlgorithmFamily,
    pub(crate) content: Vec<u8>,
}

impl EncodingKey {
    /// If you're using a HMAC secret that is not base64, use that.
    pub fn from_secret(secret: &[u8]) -> Self {
        EncodingKey { family: AlgorithmFamily::Hmac, content: secret.to_vec() }
    }

    /// If you have a base64 HMAC secret, use that.
    pub fn from_base64_secret(secret: &str) -> Result<Self> {
        let out = STANDARD.decode(secret)?;
        Ok(EncodingKey { family: AlgorithmFamily::Hmac, content: out })
    }

    /// For loading websafe base64 HMAC secrets, ex: ACME EAB credentials.
    pub fn from_urlsafe_base64_secret(secret: &str) -> Result<Self> {
        let out = URL_SAFE.decode(secret)?;
        Ok(EncodingKey { family: AlgorithmFamily::Hmac, content: out })
    }

    /// If you are loading a RSA key from a .pem file.
    /// This errors if the key is not a valid RSA key.
    /// Only exists if the feature `use_pem` is enabled.
    ///
    /// # NOTE
    ///
    /// According to the [ring doc](https://docs.rs/ring/latest/ring/signature/struct.RsaKeyPair.html#method.from_pkcs8),
    /// the key should be at least 2047 bits.
    ///
    #[cfg(feature = "use_pem")]
    pub fn from_rsa_pem(key: &[u8]) -> Result<Self> {
        let pem_key = PemEncodedKey::new(key)?;
        let content = pem_key.as_rsa_key()?;
        Ok(EncodingKey { family: AlgorithmFamily::Rsa, content: content.to_vec() })
    }

    /// If you are loading a ECDSA key from a .pem file
    /// This errors if the key is not a valid private EC key
    /// Only exists if the feature `use_pem` is enabled.
    ///
    /// # NOTE
    ///
    /// The key should be in PKCS#8 form.
    ///
    /// You can generate a key with the following:
    ///
    /// ```sh
    /// openssl ecparam -genkey -noout -name prime256v1 \
    ///     | openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -nocrypt -out ec-private.pem
    /// ```
    #[cfg(feature = "use_pem")]
    pub fn from_ec_pem(key: &[u8]) -> Result<Self> {
        let pem_key = PemEncodedKey::new(key)?;
        let content = pem_key.as_ec_private_key()?;
        Ok(EncodingKey { family: AlgorithmFamily::Ec, content: content.to_vec() })
    }

    /// If you are loading a EdDSA key from a .pem file
    /// This errors if the key is not a valid private Ed key
    /// Only exists if the feature `use_pem` is enabled.
    #[cfg(feature = "use_pem")]
    pub fn from_ed_pem(key: &[u8]) -> Result<Self> {
        let pem_key = PemEncodedKey::new(key)?;
        let content = pem_key.as_ed_private_key()?;
        Ok(EncodingKey { family: AlgorithmFamily::Ed, content: content.to_vec() })
    }

    /// If you know what you're doing and have the DER-encoded key, for RSA only
    pub fn from_rsa_der(der: &[u8]) -> Self {
        EncodingKey { family: AlgorithmFamily::Rsa, content: der.to_vec() }
    }

    /// If you know what you're doing and have the DER-encoded key, for ECDSA
    pub fn from_ec_der(der: &[u8]) -> Self {
        EncodingKey { family: AlgorithmFamily::Ec, content: der.to_vec() }
    }

    /// If you know what you're doing and have the DER-encoded key, for EdDSA
    pub fn from_ed_der(der: &[u8]) -> Self {
        EncodingKey { family: AlgorithmFamily::Ed, content: der.to_vec() }
    }

    pub(crate) fn inner(&self) -> &[u8] {
        &self.content
    }
}

/// Encode the header and claims given and sign the payload using the algorithm from the header and the key.
/// If the algorithm given is RSA or EC, the key needs to be in the PEM format.
///
/// ```rust
/// use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
/// use jsonwebtoken::{encode, Algorithm, Header, EncodingKey};
///
/// #[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
/// struct Claims {
///    sub: String,
///    company: String
/// }
///
/// let my_claims = Claims {
///     sub: "b@b.com".to_owned(),
///     company: "ACME".to_owned()
/// };
///
/// // my_claims is a struct that implements Serialize
/// // This will create a JWT using HS256 as algorithm
/// let token = encode(&Header::default(), &my_claims, &EncodingKey::from_secret("secret".as_ref())).unwrap();
/// ```
pub fn encode<T: Serialize>(header: &Header, claims: &T, key: &EncodingKey) -> Result<String> {
    if key.family != header.alg.family() {
        return Err(new_error(ErrorKind::InvalidAlgorithm));
    }
    let encoded_header = b64_encode_part(header)?;
    let encoded_claims = b64_encode_part(claims)?;
    let message = [encoded_header, encoded_claims].join(".");
    let signature = crypto::sign(message.as_bytes(), key, header.alg)?;

    Ok([message, signature].join("."))
}

/// Encode the header and claims given and sign the payload using the algorithm from the header and the key.
/// If the algorithm given is RSA or EC, the key needs to be in the PEM format. This produces a JWS instead of
/// a JWT -- usage is similar to `encode`, see that for more details.
pub fn encode_jws<T: Serialize>(
    header: &Header,
    claims: Option<&T>,
    key: &EncodingKey,
) -> Result<Jws<T>> {
    if key.family != header.alg.family() {
        return Err(new_error(ErrorKind::InvalidAlgorithm));
    }
    let encoded_header = b64_encode_part(header)?;
    let encoded_claims = match claims {
        Some(claims) => b64_encode_part(claims)?,
        None => "".to_string(),
    };
    let message = [encoded_header.as_str(), encoded_claims.as_str()].join(".");
    let signature = crypto::sign(message.as_bytes(), key, header.alg)?;

    Ok(Jws {
        protected: encoded_header,
        payload: encoded_claims,
        signature,
        _pd: Default::default(),
    })
}