MariaDB version 11.6.2 (and perhaps other versions) set `--innodb-snapshot-isolation=ON` which causes multiple queries in DOMjudge to fail. https://github.com/DOMjudge/domjudge/pull/2843 is likely part of a fix, perhaps https://github.com/DOMjudge/domjudge/pull/2844 also helps Some more references: - https://mariadb.com/resources/blog/isolation-level-violation-testing-and-debugging-in-mariadb/ - https://jira.mariadb.org/browse/MDEV-26642?orderby=created+DESC%2C+priority+DESC%2C+updated+DESC - https://jira.mariadb.org/browse/MDEV-35124?orderby=created+DESC%2C+priority+DESC%2C+updated+DESC - https://jepsen.io/analyses/mysql-8.0.34