Migrate to Miden VM v0.16

[bobbinth]

With #1353 we've migrated to v0.14 version of miden-vm. A few potentially follow ups came out of that PR:

• Add standard component sources to source managers of TransactionKernel::assembler and friends if a debug flag is enabled, if that results in better errors.
• We should decide what to do with APIs that return ExecutionError, e.g. TransactionContext::{execute_code, execute_code_with_assembler} or CodeExecutor::{run, execute_program}. In our tests, we can just use miden-miette, but if miden-base users also use these, they should be made aware that they need to do the same in order to get the better errors.

Originally posted by @PhilippGackstatter in #1353

I think this is fine for now, but I would probably change this in the future to make source_manager a field in the TransactionExecutor. The main reasoning here is that source manager is probably set at the time we create a TransactionExecutor and then we should be able to re-use it for different transactions. If, however, we do need to pass a new source manager into this function from time to time, then keeping it as a function argument is fine.

Originally posted by @bobbinth in #1353 (comment)

Additionally, we need to investigate if the source locations are reported correctly.

[PhilippGackstatter]

Additionally, we need to investigate if the source locations are reported correctly.

This is taken care of in a new issue #1380.

Part of the first issue is also taken care of in #1390.

[bobbinth]

As a part of this issue, we should update miden-vm dependency to v0.15.

[bobbinth]

Changed this issue to be about migrating to Miden VM v0.16 (once it is released).